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Armed Merchant Cruiser, mercantile conversion

Pendant Nos. M.72 (on coming into service), MI.95 (1.18), MI.52 (4.18). Built 1905, 10757grt, 18kts, owned by Allan Line. Armament: 8-4.7in, 2-6pdr (later 6-6in, 2-6pdr). Crew (7.15): 40 officers & 220 crew (bi). In service 13.11.14-31.1.20. Of over 60 commissioned AMC's employed on patrol and later convoy protection, 33 served with 10th Cruiser Squadron (CS) on Northern Patrol. Renamed DROTTNINGHOLM 1920. (British Warships 1914-1919)

British Isles Bases - Selected Charts

British Naval Bases Worldwide - Selected Charts

Shipbuilding British Isles

Chatham, Cromarty Firth, Devonport, Dover, Harwich, Haulbowline, Invergordon, Pembroke, Plymouth, Portland, Portsmouth, Rosyth, Scapa Flow, Sheerness

Shipbuilding Map World

Gibraltar, Malta, Aden, Colombo, Singapore, Hong Kong

Notes:

1. Latitude/longitude, including for days in port, show representative decimal positions for each day, as calculated by the Old Weather project's analysis program. As such, they differ by varying amounts from the positions recorded, usually at noon, in the log pages. In addition, some latitudes/longitudes have been amended in edited logs for errors in the logs, for errors in identifying locations by the analysis program, or simply for greater accuracy. In all cases, refer to the log-page scans for the positions as originally recorded. Not all log pages contain this information and the ships' positions have therefore often been estimated.

2. Full account of any day is available by clicking on the link above that day. Groups of links refer to log book covers and introductory information; some may be blank.

Editor’s notes:

Along with 8 other Armed Merchant Cruisers, HMS VIRGINIAN was ordered to Liverpool in December 1914 in order to be fitted with 6” guns. The fitting-out was delayed, mainly due to labour shortages and problems, but she was ready for sea by 15th December, and was one of the first of the 10th Cruiser Squadron to complete the re-fitting. Liverpool became the base for communicating with the squadron, as well as for coaling and repairs. HMS VIRGINIAN was allocated to “A” Patrol and its first voyage in the log is from Liverpool to an area north of the Faroes. Here she joined HMSs Cedric, Teutonic, Columbella, and Mantua. However, as the log will show, she was very quickly ordered to various other areas in response to special demands and circumstances.

THE VOYAGES OF HMS VIRGINIAN 1914-1918
(More detailed plots follow in the text)

JP map overview

(Maps prepared using Journey Plotter, developed by Maikel. The Plots can only be approximate. They are made by joining-up positions on successive days, and sometimes positions are not given. There will therefore be occasions when the ship appears to have travelled overland)

THE VOYAGES OF HMS VIRGINIAN 1914-1915

JP map Verginian 1914-15

LOGS FOR DECEMBER 1914


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10 December 1914

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 1-2; overcast]

10.00am: ship put into Commission by Capt. H.N. Garnett.

[-am and pm: hands employed loading ammunition; finished loading ammunition]


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11 December 1914

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SE and ESE force 2-4; overcast]

[-am and pm: hands employed cleaning ship and guns, loading stores; working party employed taking in small arms]


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12 December 1914

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SE force 2]

[-am and pm: hands employed cleaning ship and guns, loading stores; working party employed taking in small arms]


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13 December 1914

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind ESE force 2; showers am then overcast]

9.15am: church party left ship.

10.40am: working party loading ammunition.

10.46am: church party returned.

4.15pm: left berth attended by three tugs and proceeded to Sandon Half- tide Dock.

5.25pm: moved temporarily in Sandon Dock.

6.25pm: left the dock and backed into the river.

7.25pm: brought ship to anchor with 60 fathoms of starboard cable in 10 fathoms.

8.20pm: swinging to ebb.


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14 December 1914

At Liverpool [and en route to patrol area]

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable mainly calm; overcast with some fog]

3.30am: ship swinging to flood tide.

7.45am: weighed anchor and proceeded, course and speed to pilot’s order.

9.00am: passed Bar Light Vessel.

9.15am: exercised general quarters, and proceeded with gun trials.

11.40am: secured all guns.

12.30pm: swinging ship for adjustment of compasses.

3.25pm: shore party embarked on tender.

3.27pm: proceeded full speed; set course N48°W.

7.30pm: Langness Light abeam 8 miles.

8.05pm: Chickens Light abeam 2¼ miles; altered course to N5°W.

10.00pm: South Rock Light Vessel abeam 6½ miles.

10.30pm: Skulmartin Light Vessel abeam 6½ miles.

11.05pm: Mew Island Light Vessel abeam 4½ miles.

11.58pm: Maidens Light Vessel abeam 5 miles; altered course to N14°W.


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15 December 1914

At sea [en route to patrol area]

Lat 56.66, Long -7.68

[Wind NE force 5; sea slight becoming rough later; mainly clear with some cloud and rain; air temperature 46°F; sea 48°F]

[Early am]: Rathlin Island abeam 2 miles; reduced speed to 4 knots.

4.15am: turned ship to S23°E (awaiting daylight).

5.05am: turned ship to to N23°W.

7.00am: hands employed washing down decks

7.03am: Oversea [sic: Oversay] Light abeam 3 miles; altered course to N15°W.

7.39am: proceeded full speed.

10.29am: Skerryvore Lighthouse abeam 12½ miles; altered course to N3°W.

12.41pm: Barra Head abeam 6½ miles; altered course to N16°E.

3.46pm: Monach Lighthouse abeam 9 miles; altered course to N24°E.

4.08pm: Flannan Islands Light abeam 9 miles; altered course to N20°E.

0.00am: fresh NE wind; rough sea.

Coal remaining 3835 tons.

Distance run 276 miles.


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16 December 1914

At patrol.

Lat 61.0, Long -8.0

[Wind NNW backing to W mainly force 4; sea slight to moderate; cloudy with showers; air temperature 46-36°F; sea 48-44°F]

6.15am: hands called. [repeated each day]

7.00am: fall in; washed down decks. [repeated each day]

9.50am: physical drill - Red Watch at defence stations.

10.45am: Sydro [ie Suduroy, Faroes] Island bore NE/E; Warrants Nos. 1 and 2 read.

12.25pm: increased speed to 15 knots.

2.00pm: stopped; boarded trawler of Hull [no name logged]

2.30pm: proceeded full speed.

5.15pm: Myggenaes Light abeam 11½ miles; altered course to N23°E; log reset, reduced speed to 8 knots.

[Night]: White Watch night defence stations.

Distance run 258 miles.


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17 December 1914

At patrol.

Lat 63.2, Long -8.0

[Wind variable W force 1-2 through to SE and SW force 5; sea slight; broken cloud then showers and squalls; air temperature (am only) 36-40°F; sea (am only) 40-44°F]

8.00am: altered course to S24°W; increased speed to 12 knots.

12.30pm: increased speed to 14 knots - Blue Watch at defence stations.

4.00pm: sounded: in 90 fathoms; altered course to N23°E; log reset. [This action of log reset is repeated daily at the relevant time]

[Evening]: Red Watch at defence stations; White Watch at defence stations. [These entries are repeated daily and throughout the day as the different watches assume their stations]

11.32pm: altered course to S28°E to rendezvous with H.M.A.C. [sic] Teutonic; Blue Watch at defence stations.

Distance run 233 miles.


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18 December 1914

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long -6.78

[Wind mainly SW force 6 reducing to force 4; sea moderate to rough; broken cloud and squalls; air temperature 40-42°F; sea 43°F]

4.30am: sounded: 40 fathoms.

7.12am: altered course to S25°E.

8.00am: arrived at rendezvous; in signal communication with HMS Teutonic.

10.00am: divisional drill – officers’ instruction.

12.40pm: increased speed to 12 knots.

4.40pm: altered course N22°E; reduced speed to 6½ knots.

10.30pm: exercised crew at watertight door exercise.

Distance run 200 miles.


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19 December 1914

At patrol.

Lat 63.4, Long -8.0

[Wind mainly S force 5; sea moderate; mainly broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 41°F; sea average 44°F]

8.00am: altered course to S23°W.

10.30am: cooks and firemen at boat stations.

4.30pm: altered course to N23°E.

6.00pm to 7.00pm: steered various courses to intercept vessel.

Distance run 194 miles.


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20 December 1914

At patrol.

Lat 65.2, Long -8.8

[Wind SW backing to S force 4-2; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature 40-46°F; sea average 43°F]

8.00am: altered course to N23°W.

8.00pm: intercepted Danish steamer Botnia which was boarded for examination.

11.35pm: sent prize crew on board Botnia: 1 Sub. Lieut.,1 P.O., 3 seamen, 1 ERA, 4 firemen.

Distance run 212 miles.


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21 December 1914

At patrol.

Lat 61.8, Long -5.5

[Wind variable, W then S force 2-3; sea slight; mainly broken cloud; air temperature 40-42°F; sea 44°F]

0.28am: proceeded towards Kirkwall escorting S.S. Botnia.

8.40am: Fuglo Island abeam 4½ miles.

1.00pm: Nos. 1 and 7 [?] guns’ crews at instruction.

11.45pm: sounded: in 42 fathoms H.B. [possibly “hard bottom”]

Number on sick list: 2.

Coal remaining 3230 tons.

Distance run 215 miles.


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22 December 1914

At patrol.

Lat 62.2, Long -4.5

[Wind mainly SW force 2; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 44°F; sea average 46°F]

3.00am: Fair Isle (N) Light bearing S53°E 23 miles; ordered SS Botnia to proceed to Kirkwall; turned ship around and proceeded back to station.

6.56pm: Fuglo Island abeam 3 miles.

Distance run 272 miles.


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23 December 1914

At patrol.

Lat 62.8, Long -7.0

[Wind mainly S force 3-4; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature 42-44°F; sea 44-45°F]

8.45am: signalled HMS Teutonic; altered course to S34°E.

11.00am: officers at rangefinder instruction.

1.00pm: Blue Watch at defence stations; hands piped down.*

3.45pm: altered course to N22°E.

5.50pm: position from stellar observation 62°42’N, 6°00’W.

Distance run 221 miles.


*[Note: given at night, this is intended to quieten the noise in messdecks so the watchkeepers getting up at midnight or for the morning watch at four can get some sleep. Here it is more likely to be used as a general 'keep the noise down' order.]


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24 December 1914

At patrol.

Lat 63.3, Long -6.0

[Wind mainly SE force 2-3; sea smooth; broken cloud; air temperature 39°F; sea average 40°F]

8.00am: zigzagging 22° on either side of course every 15 miles.

Coal remaining 2926 tons.

Distance run 190 miles.


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25 December 1914

At patrol.

Lat 63.3, Long -6.0 [estimated position-none given on the log]

[Wind SE force 2 rising to S force 7; sea slight becoming moderate; showers then overcast with rain; air temperature average 41°F; sea average 43°F]

[Courses N24°E and S20-23°W on regular rotation]

9.10pm: speed and course as required to overhaul vessel.

9.32pm: spoke [to: sic] Navric [almost certainly Narvik] on passage from Sundsvall to New York.*

10.25pm: stopped engines to effect repairs to steering gear.


*[Note: this vessel was intercepted by HMS Cedric the following day. Cedric noted: “boarded Swedish steamer Narvik of Stockholm. This ship left Sundsvall for New York on 16th December calling en route at Helsingborg for bunker coal. All documents were examined in the presence of its Swedish Master and bills of lading showed the ships freight to consist of wood pulp and iron and steel bars. Permission granted for the ship to proceed.” See

HMS Cedric


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26 December 1914

At patrol.

Lat 63.3, Long -6.0

[Wind mainly S and SE force 4-7; sea moderate; overcast with rain; air temperature 41-46°F; sea 44°F]

3.00am: steering gear repaired.

12.45pm: slowed down to secure forward guns.

4.00pm: sounded: 80 fathoms; altered course to N24°E.

Distance run 185 miles.

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27 December 1914

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long -11.2

[Wind variable but settling at SE force 8; sea moderate to very rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature (am only) 46°F; sea (am only) 44°F]

10.00am: stove in starboard boarding boat.

Noon: wind and sea increasing rapidly.

3.45pm: hove ship too [sic]; heading S10°E.

0.00am: heavy gale, fierce hail showers, heavy confused sea at midnight.

Distance run 228 miles.


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28 December 1914

At patrol.

Lat 63.2, Long -13.5

[Wind S (SSW and SW) force 10 dropping to NW force 3 later; sea very rough becoming moderate; broken cloud with hail squalls; air temperature 43-38°F; sea average 44°F]

2.00am: wind more moderate and squalls less frequent.

Noon: wind and sea dropping rapidly.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 135 miles.


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29 December 1914

At patrol.

Lat 63.00, Long -14.1

[Wind NW backing W force 4-5, variable later; sea moderate; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 37°F; sea average 45°F]

1.00pm: overhauling trawler.

1.30pm: stopped; boarded trawler Neptunian of Hull H626.

2.30pm: Neptunian proceeded.

Distance run 202 miles.


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30 December 1914

At patrol.

Lat 63.3, Long -13.4

[Wind mainly SE force 4-5; sea moderate; broken cloud then overcast with drizzle; air temperature (am only) average 41°F; sea (am only) average 43°F]

7.30am: altered course to N36°W.

11.50am: sounded: 120 fathoms.

[1.00-2.30pm: soundings: 1.00pm: 80 fathoms C.R.S. [sic: coarse rock and sand?], 1.40pm: 90 fathoms C.R.S., 2.30pm: 250 fathoms C.R.S.]

8.35pm: reduced speed to slow.

DR 170 miles.


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31 December 1914

At patrol.

Lat 63.5, Long -14.3

[Wind mainly S force 3-4, increasing later; sea moderate; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 40°F; sea average 44°F]

9.30am: nos. 1 and 5 guns’ crews at gun drill.

Noon: altered course to S15°W.

10.40pm: course N35°W.

Distance run 111 miles.



LOGS FOR JANUARY 1915


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1 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.9, Long -13.0

[Wind mainly SE force 4-5; sea moderate; mainly cloudy with squalls; air temperature 44 down to 34°F; sea 48-36°F]

9.30am: guns’ crews nos. 2 and 6 at instruction; Blue Watch at first aid lecture.

[1.00-9.00pm: soundings: 1.00pm and 1.30pm: 100 fathoms, 2.00pm: 92 fathoms B.S. (bottom sand or black sand?), 4.00pm: 80 fathoms B.S., 8.00pm: 72 fathoms stones, 9.00pm: 100 fathoms stones.]

Coal remaining 2180 tons.

Distance run 172 miles.


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2 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 67.0, Long -13.2 *

[Wind mainly ENE force 4-5; sea moderate; cloud, hail and fog; air temperature average 34°F; sea average 35°F]

8.55am: altered course to N58°W.

[Soundings: 9.15am, 10.15am, 11.15am, 12.15pm: all 140 fathoms; 1.15pm and 2.15pm: 100 fathoms, 3.15pm: 130 fathoms.]

Distance run 225 miles.


*[Note: on 1st January 1915 Virginian was ordered to patrol to the north of Iceland to see if shipping was passing that way and also to see if the passage was blocked with ice. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 68.]



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3 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.5, Long -12.7

[Wind mainly ENE force 6-4; sea moderate; overcast then broken cloud; air temperature 34-44°F; sea 34-44°F]

[Soundings: 10.55am: 90 fathoms B.S., 11.30am: 85 fathoms B.S., noon: 87 fathoms B.S., 1.00pm: 96 fathoms, 1.30pm: 120 fathoms.]

2.20pm: stopped and boarded trawler Warrior of Grimsby.

3.12pm: proceeded.

5.07pm: stopped and boarded steam trawler Huxley (Grimsby 536).

5.56pm: proceeded.

[Note: pm log is signed by the Captain.]

Distance run 235 miles.


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4 January 1915

At patrol. [and en route to Liverpool]

Lat 62.7, Long -13.6

[Wind mainly E force 4; sea slight to moderate; broken cloud with some squalls; air temperature 43-46°F; sea 46°F]

3.00am: sounded: 110 fathoms.

9.30am: increased speed to 12 knots.

1.28pm: altered course to S5°W; proceeding towards Liverpool.

Coal remaining 1893 tons.

Distance run 193 miles.


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5 January 1915

At sea [en route to Liverpool]

Lat 56.6, Long -10.18

[Wind variable SE veering to W mainly force 7; sea rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 47°F; sea average 47°F]

6.00am: sounded: 100 fathoms.

1.20pm: altered course to S16°E.

[Soundings: 4.30pm and 5.00pm: 100 fathoms; 5.30pm: 59 fathoms C.S. (coarse sand?), 6.30pm: 47 fathoms C.S.]

6.00pm: altered course to S24°E.

6.47pm: Tory Island Light bore S34°E.

7.57pm: Tory Island Light abeam 2 miles; courses as required through Tory Sound.*

9.20pm: Fanad Light abeam 6 miles.

10.00pm: Inishtrahull Light abeam 2 miles; altered course to S65°E.

Distance run 346 miles.


*[Note: at this time, the normal route for ships of the 10th Cruiser Squadron returning to Liverpool was to sail to the west and then south of Tory Island, in order to avoid the German minefield to the northeast of Tory Island which had been laid by the SS Berlin in October 1914. This minefield had already claimed the dreadnought HMS Audacious in October 1914, and was to claim, on 13th January 1915, a member of the 10th Cruiser Squadron, HMS Viknor.]


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6 January 1915

At sea and at Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind WSW force 4; sea slight; broken cloud with some mist; air temperature (am only) 46°F; sea (am only) 48°F]

0.08am: Rathlin Island abeam 2½ miles.

1.45am: Maidens Light abeam 4 miles.

3.26am: Skulmartin Light abeam 4½ miles.

3.57am: South Rock abeam 6½ miles.

5.45am: Chicken Rock Light abeam 1¼ miles.

7.00am: hands employed washing down and preparing for harbour.

9.30am: NW Lightship abeam 2½ miles.

9.50am: stopped for pilot.

10.20am: pilot boarded.

10.30am: swinging ship for compass errors.

Noon: proceeded towards Liverpool; course and speed to pilot’s order.

12.30pm: passed Bar Light Vessel.

1.25pm: made fast; three tugs to assist docking.

1.56pm: entered Canada Lock.

2.30pm: entered Canada Dock.

3.55pm: moored ship in berth.

8.15pm: police ambulance removed sick patient.

10.00pm: stopped coaling [sic].

Distance run 338 miles.


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7 January 1915

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind WSW force 2; overcast with rain; air temperature 44°F]

7.00am: shore gang coaling ship.

1.00pm: Blue Watch on liberty.

4.00pm: White Watch on liberty.


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8 January 1915

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SW force 2; broken cloud; air temperature 41°F]

7.00am: labourers coaling ship; carpenter and crew filling fresh water in double-bottom tanks.

4.00pm: liberty men fall in; No. 7 tank and after peak full.


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9 January 1915

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW force 4-5; overcast with rain and cloud; air temperature 40°F]

7.00am: labourers coaling ship.

4.30pm: Nos. 3 and 4 Warrants read; Red and White Watch on liberty.


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10 January 1915

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SW force 3; overcast; air temperature 40°F]

7.00am: labourers coaling ship.

9.35am: RC party left for church.

10.35am: Protestant party left for church.

10.55am: R.C. party returned.

12.45pm: Protestant party returned.

1.20pm: liberty party ashore.

5.15pm: ceased coaling for this night.


4caf8c74cadfd3419703651c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-022_1.jpg)


11 January 1915

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SW force 5 veering to W force 8 (at sea); broken cloud; air temperature average 42°F]

7.00am: labourers coaling ship; all fresh water tanks filled, nos. 3,4,5,6,and 7; also fore and after tanks.

3.30pm: finished coaling.

4.00pm: hands to stations.

4.15pm: proceeded from berth to Sandon assisted by three tugs; Pilot Tranter directing.

5.30pm: made fast temporarily in Sandon Basin.

6.40pm: let go and proceeded to Sandon entrance.

7.00pm: backed into the river.

7.15pm: cast off tugs – proceeded; speed as required.

7.24pm: passed North Wall Light.

8.14pm: Formby Light Vessel abeam.

8.34pm: Bar Light Vessel-terminus station to land pilot; proceeded.

9.31pm: NW Lightship abeam ½ mile.

10.55pm: Great Ormes Head abeam 10 miles.

11.57pm: found no pilot boat on station; proceeded for Belfast Lough. [ie to drop the pilot]


4caf8c74cadfd3419703651d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-023_0.jpg)


12 January 1915

At sea [en route to patrol ground]

Lat 55.4, Long -6.2

[Wind NW backing to SW force 4-5; sea moderate to slight; broken cloud, rain later; air temperature average 47°F; sea average 47°F]

0.20am: Point Lynas abeam 2 miles.

4.08am: Chicken Rock Light abeam 9½ miles; altered course to N.

4.45am: South Rock Light Vessel abeam 1½ miles.

7.18am: Skulmartin Light Vessel abeam 1¾ miles.

8.08am: Mew Island abeam 2 miles.

8.30am: stopped off Black Head and dropped pilot.

8.37am: proceded.

9.36am: Maidens Lighthouse abeam 4 miles; altered course to N20°W.

11.25am: Rathlins Island abeam 2 miles.

1.12pm: Oversay Lighthouse abeam 4 miles.

4.40pm: Skerryvore Light abeam 12½ miles.

7.08pm: Barra Head Light abeam 10 miles.

10.25pm: Monach Light abeam 11 miles.

Distance run 192 miles.


4caf8c74cadfd3419703651e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-023_1.jpg)


13 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.5, Long -10.3

[Wind S then NW mainly force 4-5; sea moderate; overcast with rain, mist and squalls; air temperature 47°F; sea 48°F]

3.55am: exercised watertight doors on engine room.

10.00am: party of seamen and marines at first aid lecture; officers at small arms instruction.

4.30pm: read Warrants nos. 5 and 6.

Distance run 329 miles.


4caf8c74cadfd3419703651f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-024_0.jpg)


14 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.4, Long -8.6

[Wind mainly ENE force 5 rising to force 9; sea rough; cloud with rain and squalls; air temperature average 41°F; sea average 43°F]

5.30am: Myggenaes Light [Faroes] bearing S30°E; altered course to S38°E.

8.30am: Myggenaes Light bearing S28°E 14 miles; altered course to N25°W.

8.45pm: sounded: 70 fathoms, bottom shells.

10.30pm: Myggenaes Light bearing S60°E (true) 18 miles.

0.00am: wind and sea increasing; many hail squalls.


4caf8c74cadfd34197036520: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-024_1.jpg)


15 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.35, Long -8.08

[Wind (all readings am only) NE force 8; sea very rough; overcast with squalls throughout; air temperature 39°F; sea 41°F]

7.00am: starboard boarding boat smashed by heavy sea.*

9.30am: sounded: 65 fathoms bottom sand.

Noon: sounded: 70 fathoms bottom sand.

1.00pm: two guns’ crews of Blue Watch standing by.

8.00pm: sounded: 70 fathoms bottom sand.

11.30pm: altered course to SSW.

Distance run 84 miles.


*[Note: this storm was a contributory factor in the loss of the Viknor, driven into the minefield off Tory Island. On the 15th Midshipman Alexander Scrimgeour in his Small Scribbling Diary, who was also serving on HMS Alsatian in the 10th Cruiser Squadron, was reporting “Big gale, high wind, and heavy swell from the NNE”. See Alexander Scrimgeour, Scrimgeour’s Small Scribbling Diary, compiled by Richard Hallam, Conway, 2008, page 132. Note also the small distance (84 miles) run by Virginian on this day.]


4caf8c74cadfd34197036521: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-025_0.jpg)


16 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.0, Long -10.0

[Wind mainly NE force 8 reducing to force 6; sea rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature (readings pm only) 37-39°F; sea 46-44°F]

0.30am: sounded: 100 fathoms.

1.30am: sounded: 100 fathoms.

3.50am: Myggenaes Light abeam 16 miles.

11.26am: rounded ship to; at rendezvous

1.30pm: steaming in company with HMSs Alsatian and Columbella.

6.00pm: set course for [new] patrol station.*

Distance run 106 miles.


*[Note: Rear-Admiral Dudley de Chair, Commander of the 10th Cruiser Squadron, had clearly used this meeting to inform Virginian’s Captain that his ship had now been ordered to form a special patrol off the coast of Norway, along with HMSs Teutonic and Mantua. The main purpose of this patrol was to intercept ships bringing Swedish iron-ore down from Narvik and other north Norwegian ports. Virginian was on a parallel to 62°N, 5 to 15 miles from shore. See Admiral Sir Dudley de Chair, The Sea is Strong, Harrap, 1961, page 208. See also John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 69.]


4caf8c74cadfd34197036522: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-025_1.jpg)


17 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.2, Long -7.5

[Wind mainly N reducing from force 6 to force 4; sea rough becoming moderate; mainly broken cloud with squalls; air temperature 40-36°F; sea 38-44°F]

Noon: Myggenaes Lighthouse abeam 16 miles.

4.15pm: Fuglo Island abeam 5'¼ miles.

5.25pm: stopped, boarded and examined trawler.

6.00pm: proceeded.

Coal remaining 2458 tons.

Distance run 181 miles.


4caf8c74cadfd34197036523: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-026_0.jpg)


18 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.1, Long -2.0

[Wind N force 3 then SW increasing to force 6; sea slight becoming moderate; broken cloud then overcast with rain squalls; air temperature average 40°F; sea 44°F]

Distance run 207 miles.


4caf8c74cadfd34197036524: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-026_1.jpg)


19 January 1915

At patrol. [off the coast of Norway]

Lat 62.4, Long 2.5

[Wind W then SW force 5-6; sea moderate; overcast with rain squalls; air temperature average 44°F; sea average 46°F]

[Soundings: (selection in fathoms): Noon: 95, 1.00pm: 95, 3.00pm:130, 5.00pm: 95, 7.00pm: 95, 9.00pm: 120, 10.45pm: 100.]

Distance run 207 miles.


4caf8c74cadfd34197036525: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-027_0.jpg)


20 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.0, Long 3.4

[Wind variable; mainly WSW force 4 then S rising to force 8; sea moderate to rough; overcast then rain squalls; air temperature average 44°F; sea average 43°F]

2.00am: Ytterøyane Lighthouse [Norway] bearing S34°E 24 miles.

3.45am: sounded: 85 fathoms.

5.30am: sounded: 97 fathoms.

6.30am: sounded: 93 fathoms.

Noon: sounded: 150 fathoms, mud and sand.

[Soundings: (selection in fathoms): 2.30pm: 80, c.s. (coarse sand), 3.30pm: 83, c.s., 4.30pm: 85, c.s., 7.45pm: 85 s.m. (sand and mud), 10.00pm: 78, s.m., 11.30pm: 90, s.m.]


4caf8c74cadfd34197036526: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-027_1.jpg)


21 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.1, Long 4.5

[Wind variable, W then ENE and NE force 3-4; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 40°F; sea average 43°F]

2.05am: Kråkenes Lighthouse [Norway] bearing E34°N 8 miles; altered course to N74°W.

4.00am: sounded: 95 fathoms, sand.

7.00am: sounded: 65 fathoms, sand.

11.26am: stopped and boarded Swedish steamer Sir Ernest Cassel.*

1.00pm: proceeded.

7.15pm: Hendanes Light bearing S64°E 6½ miles; altered course to N74°W.

Number on sick list: 1.

Coal remaining 2121 tons.

Distance run 124 miles.


*[Note: a regular vessel on the iron-ore run, arrested in April 1915 by HMS Teutonic and sent to Kirkwall. The cargo of iron-ore, bound for Rotterdam, and assumed Germany, was discharged to the Prize Court. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 131.]


4caf8c75cadfd34197036527: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-028_0.jpg)


22 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.4, Long 2.2

[Wind variable but mainly NE and E force 4; sea slight; broken cloud but some rain; air temperature average 41°F; sea average 43°F]

3.40am: sounded: 77 fathoms.

10.30am: R.N.R.s at medical examination.

3.00pm: course N71°W zigzagging 22° on either side; way 15°.*

Distance run 164 miles.

[NB log is signed by the Captain.]


[Note: because of the submarine menace, on 20th January orders were given for ships to zigzag during the day and on moonlit nights, maintaining a speed of 13 knots. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 74.]



4caf8c75cadfd34197036528: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-028_1.jpg)


23 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long 1.2

[Wind variable, SE then W mainly force 2-3; sea slight; broken cloud but some showers and drizzle; air temperature average 40°F; sea average 45°F]

7.00am: course N71°W zigzagging 22° on either side, way 15°; [alternating with course S76°E]

4.00pm: read warrants nos. 7.8. and 9.

Distance run 211 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036529: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-029_0.jpg)


24 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.0, Long 1.2

[Wind variable, ENE then S force 4-5; sea (am only) slight; mainly broken cloud; air temperature 40-44°F; sea average 45°F]

9.40am: Captain's inspection.

[Courses N82°E, S54°E, N48°W and S88°W, zigzagging every 15 miles]

Distance run 213 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703652a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-029_1.jpg)


25 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.0, Long 1.0

[Wind mainly SW force 5-6; sea (not recorded); overcast with rain squalls and showers (am only); air temperature average 42°F; sea average 45°F (readings am only)]

10.00am: boys at seamanship instruction.

Distance run 227 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703652b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-030_0.jpg)


26 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.0, Long 1.2

[Wind mainly SW force 4; sea slight; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 43°F; sea average 44°F]

6.00am: sounded: 70 fathoms coarse sand.

6.30am: sounded: 80 fathoms coarse sand.

10.00am: boys at signalling instruction.

[Zigzagging every 10 miles]

Coal remaining 1652 tons.

Distance run 224 miles.

4caf8c75cadfd3419703652c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-030_1.jpg)


27 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.0, Long 1.2

[Wind mainly S veering to W force 3-4; sea slight; mainly broken cloud with a few showers; air temperature (pm only) 42°F; sea 45°F]

[Courses N50°W and S80°W zigzagging every 15 miles, N83°E and S53°E; zigzagging every 10 miles]

10.00am: boys at gunnery instruction.

Distance run 242 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703652d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-031_0.jpg)


28 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.0, Long 1.1

[Wind mainly N (NE and NW) force 4-6; sea moderate; mainly overcast with rain and showers; air temperature (am only) 42°F; sea 44°F]

10.00am: hands to rifle and revolver drill.

Distance run 228 miles.



4caf8c75cadfd3419703652e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-031_1.jpg)


29 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.0, Long 1.6

[Wind NE backing to N, mainly force 7; sea rough; cloud and broken cloud with squalls throughout; air temperature (not entered); sea average 44°F]

5.35am altered course to Westward.*

9.40am: boys at seamanship.

Distance run 174 miles.


*[Note: Virginian had now been ordered away from Norway. Admiral de Chair reported to the Admiralty that the Norway patrol was also in At patrol. to try to intercept the German steamer Brandenburg which was expected to leave Thorshavn. However, this information was mistaken, (Thorshavn was in the Faroes) and the patrol was abandoned. Virginian was now to join “B” Patrol, north of the Shetlands, the centre line of which was to lie on meridian 1°15’E between Lat 61°10’N and 62°30’N. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 73-74.]


4caf8c75cadfd3419703652f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-032_0.jpg)


30 January 1915

At patrol. [“B” Patrol north of the Shetlands]

Lat 61.7, Long -4.3

[Wind mainly N force 5; sea moderate; mainly broken cloud with squalls; air temperature declining from 38 to 31°F; sea 43-40°F]

[Courses: N15° and N59°E, S84°W and S3°W (written “E” in error); zigzagging every 15 miles on all courses]

7.20am: sounded: 150 fathoms.

11.20am: Ytterøyane Lighthouse bore S35°E.

Distance run 228 miles.

[NB log is signed by the Captain]


4caf8c75cadfd34197036530: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-032_1.jpg)


31 January 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.1, Long -4.7

[Wind S veering to WNW average force 4; sea moderate; overcast and broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 38°F; sea average 40°F]

3.00am: circling around buoy.

3.05am: sounded: 100 fathoms fine sand.

4.10am: Ytterøyane Lighthouse bore S84°E.

11.00am: sounded: 95 fathoms sand.

4.50pm: Svino [sic: Svinoy, Norway] Light abeam 4½ miles.

Coal remaining 1121 tons.

Distance run 247 miles.

LOGS FOR FEBRUARY 1915


4caf8c75cadfd34197036531: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-033_0.jpg)


1 February 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.5, Long 3.6

[Wind mainly SW rising to force 8; sea moderate then rough; cloudy with rain squalls; air temperature average 39°F; sea average 42°F]

[Courses S3°W, S87°W, N21°E, N66°E, zigzagging every 15 miles]

0.20am: Ytterøyane Lighthouse bore S55°E by compass.*

9.30am: boys at semaphore training.

11.48am: sounded: 45 fathoms.

Noon: sounded: 77 fathoms. Kråkenes Lighthouse [Norway] bearing N84½°E 7½ miles.

2.00pm: manoevering ship at Silde Gabet entrance. [ie Sildegapet Bay, Norway]

3.17pm: Svino Lighthouse abeam 5 miles.

3.40pm: turned ship to SW.

Distance run 195 miles.


*[Note: the Lat and Long positions show that although based north of the Shetlands, Virginian was still running over to Norway on her patrols at this time.]


4caf8c75cadfd34197036532: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-033_1.jpg)


2 February 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.4, Long 4.2

[Wind SSW force 8-9, reducing later; sea very rough, rough later; overcast with many squalls; air temperature average 42°F; sea average 44°F]

[Soundings: 2.00am: 83 fathoms, 5.00am: 100 fathoms, 7.00am: 88 fathoms, 10.30am: 77 fathoms, noon: 100 fathoms.]

Number on sick list: 2.

Coal remaining 936 tons.

Distance run 73 miles.*


[Note: the log shows that at the height of this storm, Virginian was only making 1 or 2 miles in an hour. Admiral de Chair noted that “the heavy southwesterly gale on February 2nd was one of the worst the 10th Cruiser Squadron experienced during the whole war. It was in this gale that the Clan MacNaughton disappeared”. Dudley de Chair, The Sea is Strong, page 191.]


4caf8c75cadfd34197036533: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-034_0.jpg)


3 February 1915

At patrol. [still off the coast of Norway]

Lat 62.1, Long 4.7

[Wind SE force 4-5 veering to SSW force 6-9; sea moderate becoming rough; cloud and broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 42°F; sea 43°F]

1.00pm: sounded: 130 fathoms.

10.00am: closed and signalled Norwegian steamship Stingstad [possibly Stiklestad (later Rheinhausen}]

11.00am: resumed course and speed.

2.27pm: Svino Lighthouse abeam 4½ miles.

Distance run 104 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036534: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-034_1.jpg)


4 February 1915

At sea [en route to Glasgow]

Lat 61.65, Long -1.3

[Wind mainly S (SSW and SW) force 8; sea very rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 44°F; sea average 44°F]

[Courses: 0.00am to 6.00am: N71°W; 6.00am to 11.55pm: steady S68°W en route to the Clyde]

11.00pm: sounded: 20 fathoms.

Distance run 230 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036535: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-035_0.jpg)


5 February 1915


At sea [en route to Glasgow]

Lat 58.75, Long -8.5

[Wind S (SW, SSW and SSE} force 8-9; sea very rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 45°F; sea average 47°F]

[Courses S68°W then various mainly S]

10.00am: boys at seamanship training.

5.00pm: sounded: 120 fathoms.

6.30pm: sounded: 65 fathoms sand.

9.12pm: sounded: 78 fathoms sand and shells.

11.00pm: sounded: 75 fathoms sand and stones.

Distance run 274 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036536: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-035_1.jpg)


6 February 1915

At sea [en route to Glasgow]

Lat 55.8, Long -4.2

[Wind mainly S force 5-2; sea slight; broken cloud then overcast with some drizzle; air temperature average 45°F; sea average 46°F]

2.20am sounded: 65 fathoms fine sand.

6.00am: sounded: 40 fathoms coarse sand.

7.30am: Barra Head bore E (true) 5 miles.

10.40am: exploded floating mine.*

11.20am: sounded: 51 fathoms sand.

2.30pm: Oversay Light abeam 3½ miles.

5.10pm: Mull of Cantyre abeam 4½ miles.

5.52pm: Sanda Light abeam 2½ miles.

8.16pm: Pladda abeam 1½ miles.

9.02pm: Holy Isle abeam 1 mile.

10.26pm: Cumbrae abeam ½ mile.

0.00am: Skelmorlie Buoy abeam ½ mile.

Distance run 194 miles.

[NB log is signed by the Captain]


*[Note: this event took At patrol. at 56°15’N, 7°59’W. It had been reported that a Norwegian steamer had been laying mines on 3rd February between Barra Head and Coll Island, and all ships were warned to keep a lookout. However, it was more likely that the mine was one of those which had drifted north from the minefield laid in October 1914 by the SS Berlin to the NE of Tory Island. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 87.]


4caf8c75cadfd34197036537: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-036_0.jpg)


7 February 1915

At Glasgow.

Lat 55.8, Long -4.2

[Wind SE force 3-4; broken cloud then mist and rain; air temperature average 40°F]

0.35am: passed Cloch Light.

0.45am: pilot boarded; course and speed as required by pilot.

1.10am: passed Prince’s Pier and proceeded up river assisted by 2 tugs.

3.03am: passed Bowling.

4.05am: entered Prince’s Dock.

5.50am: moored ship at coaling berth.

7.00am: hands preparing ship for coaling.

9.00am: commenced coaling.

-pm: coaling ship.

4.00pm: liberty men landed.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036538: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-036_1.jpg)


8 February 1915

At Glasgow, Prince’s Dock.

Lat 55.8, Long -4.2

[Wind variable, mainly S force 3-1; overcast then broken cloud; air temperature average 35°F]

-am: coaling ship.

6.00am: shifted ship to berth No. [not entered]

10.15am: recommenced coaling.

1.20pm: liberty party landed.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036539: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-037_0.jpg)


9 February 1915

At Glasgow, Prince’s Dock.

Lat 55.8, Long -4.2

[Wind E force 2; broken cloud; air temperature average 35°F]

-am: coaling ship.

8.25am: escort with prisoners arrived on board.*

3.40pm: read Warrant No. 10.


[Note: the log gives no further information, but most likely these were men who had misbehaved during their night on the town, and had been taken in by the local police.]


4caf8c75cadfd3419703653a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-037_1.jpg)


10 February 1915

At Glasgow, Prince’s Dock.

Lat 55.8, Long -4.2

[Wind E force 2; broken cloud, rain later; air temperature average 39°F]

-am: coaling ship.

9.00am: receiving engine room and stewards’ stores.

-pm: liberty men landed.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703653b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-038_0.jpg)


11 February 1915

At Glasgow, Prince’s Dock.

Lat 55.8, Long -4.2

[Wind N force 2; broken cloud; air temperature average 40°F]

-am: coaling ship.

-pm: liberty men landed.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703653c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-038_1.jpg)


12 February 1915

At Glasgow, Prince’s Dock.

Lat 55.8, Long -4.2

[Wind NW force 2; broken cloud then rain and drizzle; air temperature average 36°F]

-am: coaling ship.

-pm: liberty men landed.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703653d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-039_0.jpg)


13 February 1915

At Glasgow, Prince’s Dock.

Lat 55.8, Long -4.2

[Wind variable mainly E force 1-4; broken cloud then overcast; air temperature average 38°F]

-am: coaling ship.

-pm: liberty men landed.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703653e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-039_1.jpg)


14 February 1915

At Glasgow, Prince’s Dock.

Lat 55.8, Long -4.2

[Wind variable mainly N force 3; broken cloud; air temperature average 38°F]

10.00am: RC church party landed.

10.30am: Protestant church party landed.

11.45am: RC church party returned.

12.45pm: Protestant church party returned.

6.15pm: read Warrant No 11.

4caf8c75cadfd3419703653f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-040_0.jpg)


15 February 1915

At Glasgow, Prince’s Dock [and en route to patrol ground]

Lat 55.8, Long -4.2

[Wind NW force 1; clear skies; air temperature (am only) 31-38°F]

10.45am: Sub Lieut. Grieg RNR left ship.

11.30am: unmoored ship and proceeded out of dock assisted by two tugs; pilot Mr Scott; course and speed to pilot’s order.

12.25pm: passed out of dock and proceeded slowly down the river.

3.00pm: passed Prince’s Pier.

3.20pm: brought ship to anchor at Tail of Bank.

3.50pm: at anchor; Frederick Chapman No 111 First Class P.O. died from heart failure; read Warrant No. 12.

6.00pm: weighed anchor and proceeded.

6.45pm: Cloch Light abeam.

8.00pm: Cumbrae abeam.

9.30pm: Holy Isle abeam.

10.00pm: Pladda abeam.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036540: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-040_1.jpg)


16 February 1915

At sea [en route to patrol ground]

Lat 55.7, Long -4.2

[Wind variable, mainly SE force 2 rising to force 8 at sea; sea smooth rising to rough;broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 43°F; sea average 45°F]

[Courses mainly NNW zigzagging every 15 miles]

0.30am: Sanda Light abeam 2½ miles.

2.03am: Mull of Cantyre abeam 2½ miles.

7.15am: Oversay Lighthouse abeam 5 miles.

10.30am: Skerryvore Lighthouse bearing N62°E 10 miles.

11.00am: cooks and stewards at physical drill.

1.30pm: read funeral service; body of Frederick Chapman committed to the deep.

8.10pm: Flannan Islands Light abeam 10 miles.

Coal remaining 3002 tons.

Distance run 167 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036541: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-041_0.jpg)


17 February 1915

At sea [en route to patrol ground]

Lat 60.5, Long -8.0

[Wind mainly SE force 9-10; sea very rough; overcast with constant snow and hail squalls; air temperature average 40°F; sea average 42°F]

[Courses N27°E, N68°E, N24°E]

9.00am: starboard boarding boat completely destroyed by heavy sea.

10.50am: headed ship into wind and sea.*

Noon: sounded: 20 fathoms.

5.00pm: sounded: 140 fathoms.

6.30pm: sounded: 75 fathoms sand.

7.50pm: Myggenaes Light abeam 9 miles.

11.30pm: sounded: 58 fathoms sand and shells.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 268 miles.


*[Note: during this severe gale, ships were directed to lie to if necessary. The barometer fell rapidly from 29.80 (1009 mbs) to 28.56 (967mbs). See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 91.]


4caf8c75cadfd34197036542: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-041_1.jpg)


18 February 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.8, Long -4.6

[Wind E force 9-10; sea very rough; overcast with constant squalls; air temperature average 39°F; sea average 43°F]

2.30am: sounded: 67 fathoms sand and shells.

8.00am: sounded: 200 fathoms.

10.00am: boys at gunnery instruction.

Coal expended 78 tons, remaining 2800 tons.

Distance run 112 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036543: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-042_0.jpg)


19 February 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.1, Long -8.8

[Wind ENE force 8-6; sea very rough then moderating; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 37°F; sea 40°F]

[Courses N81°E and S83°W in rotation]

10.00am: boys at rifle drill.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 117 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036544: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-042_1.jpg)


20 February 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.1, Long -6.4

[Wind ENE force 6-7; sea rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 34°F; sea 42°F]

10.30pm: closed on Iceland packet Botnia.

Number on sick list: 4.

Distance run 125 miles.

[NB log is signed by the Captain}


4caf8c75cadfd34197036545: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-043_0.jpg)


21 February 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.8, Long -7.47

[Wind NE force 7-8; sea rough; broken cloud with snow squalls; air temperature average 33°F; sea 40°F]

[Courses almost N/S e.g. N14°E, S 12°W]

Distance run 136 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036546: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-043_1.jpg)


22 February 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.9, Long -10.7

[Wind NE force 8; sea rough; overcast with snow squalls; air temperature average 25°F; sea average 40°F]

Number on sick list: 4.

Distance run 169 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036547: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-044_0.jpg)


23 February 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.9, Long -11.2

[Wind NE force 7 dropping to variable force 1; sea moderate to slight; broken cloud with squalls dying out; air temperature 22 rising to 39°F; sea average 43°F]

[Course N54°E then mainly W and various]

5.10pm: stopped and examined trawlers J.H. [rest of name not entered but possibly Jay H278] of Hull and Swallow of Grimsby.

9.35pm: examined trawler Fraser of Hull.

10.15pm: examined trawler St Clair of Hull.

10.50pm: examined trawler Carmania of Grimsby.*

Number on sick list: 4.

Distance run 172 miles.


*[Note: there may have been some initial excitement aboard Virginian on encountering these trawlers, as the Admiralty had informed Admiral de Chair that they thought that a group of German trawlers was putting out of Bergen with the intention of laying mines. In response, Virginian was ordered to join flagship HMS Alsatian and HMS Columbella in “A” Patrol in a line 350° from 62°38’N, 7°00’W. This group of British trawlers encountered by Virginian were working for the Admiralty as minesweepers and minelayers in the Auxiliary Patrol. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 92-93. See also E. Keble Chatterton, The Auxiliary Patrol, Sidgwick and Jackson, 1923.]


4caf8c75cadfd34197036548: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-044_1.jpg)


24 February 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.1, Long -9.4

[Wind mainly SW and WSW force 2-4; sea slight;broken cloud with some squalls; air temperature 32-29°F; sea 42-45°F]

[Courses mainly N68°E and S68°W, zigzagging every 10 miles]

Number on sick list: 5.

Distance run 219 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036549: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-045_0.jpg)


25 February 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.6, Long -8.5

[Wind mainly W and WSW force 4-5; sea slight; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 42°F; sea average 43°F]

8.00am: stopped and boarded [Swedish] SS Norrbotten.

10.55am: proceeded after releasing Norrbotten.

Distance run 190 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703654b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-046_0.jpg)


26 February 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.1, Long -10.0

[Wind S veering W force 5-7; sea moderate; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 40°F; sea average 42°F]

[Courses mainly N68°E and S65°W, zigzagging every 10 miles]

10.00am: boys at signalling instruction.

Number on sick list: 5.

Distance run 211 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703654c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-046_1.jpg)


27 February 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.1, Long -9.4

[Wind W force 4; sea slight to moderate; broken cloud; air temperature average 33°F; sea average 42°F]

[Courses mainly N68°E and S65°W and various, zigzagging every 10 miles]

3.22pm: boarded [Grimsby] trawler [Honoria] No. GY693 for examination.

Distance run 200 miles.

[NB log is signed by the Captain]


4caf8c75cadfd3419703654d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-047_0.jpg)


28 February 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.4, Long -8.9

[Wind S backing to NE force 2-6; sea moderate; broken cloud; air temperature average 37°F; sea average 44°F]

[Courses mainly NE and SW and various, zigzagging every 10 miles]

Noon: sounded: 50 fathoms.

Distance run 203 miles.



LOGS FOR MARCH 1915


4caf8c75cadfd3419703654e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-047_1.jpg)


1 March 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.9, Long -8.8

[Wind mainly NW force 5-7; sea moderate to rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 43°F; sea average 47°F]

[Courses mainly ESE and WNW and various, zigzagging every 10 miles]

5.00pm: examined SS Ulabrand of Tønsberg [Norway]

Distance run 261 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703654f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-048_0.jpg)

2 March 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.26, Long -8.3

[Wind variable mainly NW through to SE force 4-7; sea moderate; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 43°F; sea average 49°F]

[Courses S75°E, N61°E, N74°W, S62°W in rotation]

8.40am: stopped to examine SS Louisiana of Copenhagen and SS Devona of Dundee.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 177 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036550: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-048_1.jpg)


3 March 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.0, Long -9.0

[Wind variable mainly SE force 7 through to WNW force 4-5; sea moderate; mainly overcast with rain and mist; air temperature average 45°F; sea average 47°F]

8.50am: stopped and examined trawler Fredric [sic: possibly Frederick] of Grimsby.

Number on sick list: 2.

Distance run 207 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036551: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-049_0.jpg)


4 March 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.6, Long -9.1

[Wind mainly W force 6 reducing; sea moderate; broken cloud; air temperature average 44°F; sea average 45°F]

[Courses ENE and WSW in rotation]

8.30pm: stopped and examined SS Matanzas [?].

Distance run 209 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036552: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-049_1.jpg)


5 March 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.3, Long -7.9

[Wind mainly NE force 2-4; sea smooth; broken cloud; air temperature average 43°F; sea average 46°F]

10.00am: hands at boat drill, boys at rifle exercise.

11.30am: stopped and examined SS Kronprinsesse Louise of Copenhagen.

1.30pm: dispatched SS Kronprinsesse Louise with prize crew for Kirkwall.

Distance run 206 miles.



4caf8c75cadfd34197036553: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-050_0.jpg)


6 March 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.5, Long -7.2

[Wind mainly N force 4-6; sea slight; broken cloud with some squalls; air temperature average 41°F; sea average 47°F]

2.00am: chasing steamer to the eastward.

4.40am: overhauled and boarded Danish mailship SS Frederick VIII of Copenhagen.*

10.00am: took two prisioners of war of German nationality from Frederick VIII.

11.25am: ordered SS Frederick VIII to proceed.

5.00am to 11.00am: stopped.

Distance run 185 miles.

[NB log is signed by the Captain]


*[Note: this ship made a habit of trying to outrun the blockaders. On 11th February she had tried to outrun HMS Cedric. Midshipman Scrimgeour noted that “Cedric reported unsuccessfully chasing a big steamer at dawn, which drew away from her at sixteen and a half knots….She was intercepted in the afternoon and proved to be the Frederick VIII, a Danish liner, examined and allowed to proceed.” See Alexander Scrimgeour, Scrimgeour’s Small

Scribbling Diary 1914-1916, Conway, 2008 page 147. On this occasion Admiral de Chair had ordered ships to be on the lookout for the liner, as she had been heard using her W/T. When Virginian intercepted her they found “a German named Schmidt, and R.Lang claiming to be a Russian Finn, who however could not speak Russian and had a strong German accent and no passport.” These were the “prisoners of war” referred to in the log. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 98.].


4caf8c75cadfd34197036554: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-050_1.jpg)


7 March 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.1, Long -9.0

[Wind mainly NNE and ENE force 4-5; sea moderate; broken cloud; air temperature average 42°F; sea average 44°F]

[Courses ENE and WSW in rotation]

9.30am: divisions and Captain’s inspection.

Coal remaining 960 tons.

Distance run 184 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036555: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-051_0.jpg)


8 March 1915

At patrol. [NB log is am only]

Lat 59.7, Long -5.2

[Wind ENE force 3; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 42°F; sea average 45°F]

[Courses S55°E and N57°W and stopped]

Noon: log closed in accordance with C.S.O No 158.

Distance run 235 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036556: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-051_1.jpg)

Blank


4caf8c75cadfd34197036557: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-052_0.jpg)

4caf8c75cadfd34197036558: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-052_1.jpg)

4caf8c75cadfd34197036559: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-053_0.jpg)

4caf8c75cadfd3419703655a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-053_1.jpg)

4caf8c75cadfd3419703655b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-054_0.jpg)

4caf8c75cadfd3419703655c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67702/ADM 53-67702-054_1.jpg)



Editor’s note: March 9 – 30 April 1915 not included



LOGS FOR MAY 1915


4caf8c75cadfd3419703655d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c75cadfd3419703655e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c75cadfd3419703655f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c75cadfd34197036560: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c75cadfd34197036561: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c75cadfd34197036562: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-003_1.jpg)


1 May 1915

At patrol.*

Lat 60.2, Long -9.2

[Wind mainly NNE force 3-5; sea slight to moderate; broken cloud with some squalls; air temperature average 43°F; sea average 46°F]

2.00am: Red Watch at defence stations.

5.00am: White Watch at defence stations.**

[Courses ENE and WSW in rotation; zigzag every 5 miles]

6.55am: altered course to E.

7.00am: hands employed cleaning ship.***

7.10am: altered course to N86°W.

11.35am: various courses to intercept steamer.

11.40am: resumed course- ship was HMS Patia.

4.07pm: altered course to N70°W to intercept barque.

6.00pm: altered course to W and examined SS Ruby, merchantman.

6.20pm: set course S89°E.

7.45pm: hands darken ship.

Distance run 231 miles.


*[Note: Virginian is now part of “C” Patrol south of the Faroes.]

**[Note: these watch allocations are repeated daily as each watch takes its At patrol.]

***[Note: this is repeated at this time each day.]


4caf8c75cadfd34197036563: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-004_0.jpg)


2 May 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.9, Long -11.1

[Wind variable, N backing to S force 2-4; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 44°F; sea average 47°F]

4.35am: altered course to N86°W.

9.30am: divisions; Captain’s inspection.

2.40pm: increased speed to 14 knots.

3.20pm: altered course to S50°W to close SS Minerva, Norwegian.

3.30pm: stopped.

4.10pm: boarding boat returned.

4.15pm: set course N86°W, speed 14 knots.

6.00pm: altered course to S89°E.

7.45pm: hands darken ship.*

Distance run 224 miles.


*[Note: this action is repeated each day at this time.]



4caf8c75cadfd34197036564: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-004_1.jpg)


3 May 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.9, Long -10.7

[Wind SSW force 2-4; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature 42-55°F; sea average 47°F]

[Courses N75°W and S83°W, zigzag every 5 miles]

4.30am: altered course to N86°W.

5.35am: altered course to S55°W.

7.30am: altered course to N86°W.

9.30am: general quarters.

9.50am: port aerial under repair.

5.00pm: evening quarters; abandon ship stations.

5.10pm: reduced speed to 12 knots.

7.45pm: darkened ship.

9.23pm: altered course to N30°E

9.50pm: examined steamship Poilge [?possibly Hilge or Helge], Danish of Svendborg.

Distance run 302 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036565: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-005_0.jpg)


4 May 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.9, Long -10.7 [estimated position-none given on log]

[Wind SW force 4-5; sea slight; broken cloud, overcast later; air temperature 48-57°F; sea average 48°F]

[Courses N74°E and S84°E, N75°W and S83°W, zigzag every 5 miles]


1.45am: altered course to N86°W.

10.00am: boys at deflection teacher [ie lecture]

11.00am: cooks and stewards at physical drill.

1.05pm: altered course to S69°E; reduced speed to 10 knots.

2.20pm: speed increased to 13 knots.

7.50pm: altered course to S35°E to close sailing ship; darkened ship.

8.10pm: examined sailing vessel Dione, Norwegian.

8.20pm: set course E.

Distance run 279 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036566: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-005_1.jpg)


5 May 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.7, Long -10.8

[Wind SSW and SW force 2-5; sea slight to moderate; overcast with some mist; air temperature average 48°F; sea average 49°F]

0.35am: altered course to N86°W.

6.05am: examined [Norwegian] SS Arena of Fredrikstad.

6.30am: cleaned guns.

9.50am: altered course to WNW and examined ship Erhardt; [possibly Danish sailing vessel Erhardt] hands cleaning ship, boys to signals.

10.00am: set course WSW, speed 13 knots.

12.30pm: altered course to N86°W.

1.30pm: altered course to E.

11.30pm: examined a barque.

Distance run 292 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036567: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-006_0.jpg)


6 May 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.0, Long -8.0

[Wind SW force 2-4; sea slight; overcast with some rain and mist; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 49°F]

1.00am: altered course to N86°W.

3.25am: altered course to close Danish barquetine Aero; courses and speeds various for hailing.

4.10am: boarded.

4.25am: returned all correct.

4.55am: set course N86°W.

6.30am: cleaned guns.

8.00am: altered course to S68°E.

Noon: altered course to N28°E.

3.00pm: altered course to S22°W.

7.35pm: altered course to N35°E; met [Norwegian] SS Augusta; prize crew already on board.*


*[Note: the prize crew was from HMS Teutonic. This vessel Augusta had been especially directed to be captured, and the cargo was the subject of a long dispute.Some of the cotton was subjected to compulsory purchase, as was her cargo of rosin. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 148-9 and page 155.]


4caf8c75cadfd34197036568: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-006_1.jpg)


7 May 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.3, Long -7.5

[Wind N then NW force 3-5; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature 47-52°F; sea average 48°F]

3.00am: altered course to S22°W.

5.54am: altered course to N23°E.

6.15am: passed [Norwegian] SS Otterstad; prize crew from HMS Alcantara on board ship.*

8.40am: altered course to NW, speed 13 knots.

9.15am: altered course to NE, full speed.

9.45am: altered course to S22°W, reduced to 13 knots.

12.12pm: various courses as demanded by HMS Alsatian.

1.55pm: stopped.

2.00pm: resumed manoeuvring.

2.13pm: full speed.

5.00pm: evening quarters; “collision” stations.

5.15pm: stopped; boarding boat away to get prize crew from flagship. [ie Alsatian]

[Courses S22°W, N22-25°E about 1½ hours’ rotation]

10.30pm: stopped

10.40pm: boarding boat sent to HMS Patuca; one rating returned.**

Number on sick list: 2.

Distance run 280 miles.


*[Note: this ship was taken into Kirkwall but then released. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 155.]

**[Note: this rating was a deserter. See HMS Patuca]


4caf8c75cadfd34197036569: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-007_0.jpg)


8 May 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.0, Long -8.0

[Wind N (NNW and NE) force 3-4; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 47°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses S22°W and N23°E in rotation about 3 hours each, zigzagging 2½ points every 5-10 minutes]

11.40am: kept steady course on S22°W.

12.25pm: course and speed various whilst examining Danish schooner Marie.

12.25pm: set course N23°E zigzagging 2½ points every 10 minutes.

1.18pm: altered course to E to intercept sailing vessel; courses various.

2.21pm: stopped; found ship to be Norwegian barque Olav.

2.25pm: set course S towards vessel sighted, found to be Russian barque Mariechen.*

2.50pm: set course N66°W.

Distance run 275 miles.


*[Note: this vessel was also intercepted by HMS Patia on 9th May. Reported incorrectly to the Admiralty as Mareichen, she was on passage from Finland to Pensacola (USA) in ballast and allowed to proceed. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 149.]


4caf8c75cadfd3419703656a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-007_1.jpg)


9 May 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.0, Long -9.0

[Wind mainly SSW force 2; sea smooth; broken cloud; air temperature 42-52°F; sea average 48°F]

0.50am: altered course to intercept Swedish steamer Sumborg [sic: most likely Sundsborg]; courses various.

1.55am: stopped; sent away boarding boat.

2.25am: boarding boat returned; steamer sent to Kirkwall with prize crew.

2.31am: set course N66°W; streamed log.

[Base courses S22°W and N23°E in rotation about 3 hours each, zigzagging 2½ points every 5-10 minutes]

9.30am: divisions and Captain’s inspection.

Sick list blank.

Distance run 270 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703656b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-008_0.jpg)


10 May 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.0, Long -9.0

[Wind N (NNW and NE) force 4; sea slight; broken cloud then overcast with drizzle; air temperature 36-51°F; sea average 47°F]

[Base courses S22°W and N23°E in rotation about 3 hours each, zigzagging 2½ points every 5-10 minutes]

6.45am: hands to breakfast.

5.00pm: exercised “abandon ship” stations.

Distance run 285 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703656c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-008_1.jpg)


11 May 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.1, Long -10.0

[Wind N (NNW and NE) force 4; sea slight; broken cloud then overcast with drizzle; air temperature 36-51°F; sea average 47°F]

[Base courses S22°W and N23°E in rotation about 3 hours each, zigzagging 2½ points every 5-10 minutes]

6.50am: altered course to S45°E to intercept sailing vessel.

7.09am: full speed, courses various to W.

7.20am: kept course, reduced speed to 12 knots- found vessel had been boarded.

10.00am: gunlayers at deflection teacher, boys at small arms teacher.

11.00am: artisans to physical drill.

12.00pm: altered course ENE to close with Danish schooner Emanuel; allowed to proceed.*

Distance run 263 miles.


*[Note: there were two such Danish schooners active at this time. The other one can be viewed as follows: http://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?203552.]


4caf8c75cadfd3419703656d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-009_0.jpg)


12 May 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.0, Long -10.0

[Wind NE force 4; sea slight; cloudy with some snow; air temperature 36-43°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses S22°W and N23°E in rotation about 3 hours each, zigzagging 2½ points every 5-10 minutes]

9.55am: course and speed various to close with Danish trawler Kap-York [possibly] –allowed to proceed.

11.50am: altered course to S50°W to close with steamer.

1.20pm: altered course to S61°W; speed as required; stopped; sent boarding boat away to Norwegian SS Storstad.

1.50pm: boat returned.

1.55pm: set course N46°E, zigzagging 2½ points as before.

Distance run 261 miles.

4caf8c75cadfd3419703656e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-009_1.jpg)


13 May 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.6, Long -7.0

[Wind NE force 4; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature 36-44°F; sea average 45°F]

[Base courses N70°E and N23°E, N70°W and N86°W in rotation about 3 hours each, zigzagging 2½ points every 5-10 minutes]

9.45am: prayers; White Watch cleaning boat deck, Red Watch cleaning mess decks etc, Blue Watch at gunnery, boys at seamanship.

7.30pm: altered course to N70°W to meet HMS Hildebrand.

7.50pm: stopped; sent boarding boat for prize crew; course and speed various.

8.15pm: boat returned with prize crew.

8.20pm: Hildebrand’s boat alongside with prize crew for HMS India.

8.25pm: set course N86°W, zigzagging as before.

9.04pm: sighted Sydero [Faroes] bearing N11°E.

Coal remaining 796 tons.

Distance run 257 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703656f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-010_0.jpg)


14 May 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.0, Long -8.0

[Wind NE then NW force 3-4; sea slight; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature 36-46°F; sea average 47°F]

[Base courses N86°E and N23°E, S21°W in rotation about 3 hours each, zigzagging 2½ points every 5-10 minutes]

10.00am: boys pistol [training], gunlayers deflection teacher.

2.20pm: altered course WNW to intercept Swedish steamer Thai - found to have prize crew on board.*

Coal remaining 676 tons.

Distance run 264 miles.


*[Note: the prize crew was from HMS Patia. This ship was treated with great suspicion by the Squadron. She was on passage from Salvador (Brazil) to Christiania with a cargo of coffee. However, she had travelled from Brazil into the Pacific and then through the Panama Canal to the Azores, and the Admiralty suspected that she may have had dealings with the German Navy and settlers in Chile. Further, on being intercepted, the Master “positively danced with indignation” on being told he was to be taken into Kirkwall. The ship was not released until June, and some of the cargo was put to the Prize Court. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 150 and 158.]


4caf8c75cadfd34197036570: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-010_1.jpg)


15 May 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.0, Long -8.0

[Wind N and NW force 3-4; sea slight to moderate; broken cloud; air temperature 40-44°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses N23°E and S21°W in rotation about 3 hours each, zigzagging 2½ points every 5-10 minutes]

9.35am: altered course to N65°E; full speed to intercept steamer.

11.20am: course and speed various whilst boarding [Norwegian] steamer Gurth - sent to Kirkwall with prize crew.

11.30am: set course S53°W, zigzagging 28° every 5 minutes.

Coal remaining 552 tons.

Number on sick list: 1.

Distance run 272 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036571: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-011_0.jpg)


16 May 1915

At patrol. and en route to Liverpool.

Lat 60.0, Long -9.0

[Wind NNW force 3-4; sea slight to moderate; broken cloud, overcast later; air temperature 42-47°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses N86°W and N23°E, S21°W in rotation about 3 hours each, zigzagging 2½ points every 5-10 minutes]

0.02am: stopped for engine purpose.

0.35am: resumed speed of 12 knots.

6.45am: full speed to close with steamer.

6.50am: speed 12 knots-ship found to be HMS Patia.

9.30am: divisions and Captain’s inspection.

10.15pm: increased speed to 13 knots; left patrol for Liverpool.

Coal remaining 409 tons.

Distance run 275 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036572: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-011_1.jpg)


17 May 1915


At sea [en route to Liverpool]

Lat 58.2, Long -9.2

[Wind NE veering to SE force 4-5; sea slight to moderate; broken cloud with a few squalls; air temperature 42-53°F; sea average 50°F]

3.15am: challenged by HMS Hilary.

6.30am: sighted St. Kilda bearing S3°E.

8.00am: full speed.

9.30am: St. Kilda Light abeam.

9.50am: altered course to S11°E; zigzagging 2½ points every 5 minutes; all Starboard Watch at defence stations.

11.00am: zigzagging 2 points every 5 minutes.

12.20pm: Barra Head bearing S46°E.

1.30pm: kept straight course S11°E.

2.50pm: Barra Head abeam 17½ miles.

3.00pm: resumed zigzagging; all Port Watch at defence stations.

5.38pm: altered course to S28°E; zigzagging 2 points every 5 minutes.

7.25pm: Oversay Light abeam 2¼ miles.

7.54pm: altered course to S½E [sic].

8.12pm: altered course to S½W; courses various to order.*

8.45pm: Rathlin Island bearing S25°E; altered course to S and W.

9.00am: altered course to S½W.

9.28pm: Mull of Cantyre bearing S80°E.

9.45pm: Sanda Light bearing S84°E.

9.50pm: altered course to S27°E; Maidens bearing S11°E.

10.30pm: altered course to S22°E.

10.48pm Maidens abeam 2½ miles.

11.40pm: Mew Island Light abeam 6½ miles.

11.45pm: altered course to S.

Distance run 290 miles.


*[Note: Admiral de Chair reported to the Admiralty that Virginian had seen evidence of a submarine off the Mull of Cantyre, and as a result altered course to proceed through Rathlin Sound. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 150 and 158.]


4caf8c75cadfd34197036573: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-012_0.jpg)


18 May 1915

At sea and at Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SE force 5-2; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature 47-

50°F; sea average 50°F]

0.27am: Skulmartin Light Vessel abeam 6 miles.

0.58am: South Rock Light Vessel abeam 7 miles.

2.32am: Chickens Light abeam 5¼ miles; altered course to S50°E; zigzagging 2 points every 5 minutes; all Port Watch at defence stations.

5.25am: destroyer HMS Dove took up station ahead.*

6.35am: altered course to S60°E, zigzagging as before.

6.50am: patent log hauled in.

7.10am: Bar Light Vessel abeam; courses and speeds various and to Commander’s orders.

7.33am: Formby Light Vessel [abeam]

8.40am: came to anchor, River Mersey; 45 fathoms of cable on port anchor, 10 fathoms of water; North Wall Lighthouse bearing N40°E; Rock Lighthouse bearing N60°W.

11.45am: stand by; commenced heaving in cable.

12.06pm: anchor weighed.

1.00pm: proceeded to dock; 3 tugs assisting.

1.25pm: entered Sandon Basin.

1.40pm: made fast- awaiting water level.

2.35pm proceeded.

3.20pm: made fast at No. 2 Branch Canada Dock.

4.00pm: Port Watch on long leave.

5.06pm: Starboard Watch putting up coaling screens; Hugh Polsen and John Hunter, wireless operators, discharged to HMS Andes.

6.00pm: 1st part of Starboard Watch ashore.

11.59pm: breasting ship into quay.


*[Note: HMS Dove was providing an anti-submarine escort.]


4caf8c75cadfd34197036574: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-012_1.jpg)


19 May 1915

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SSE and S force 2; clear sky, broken cloud later; air temperature 54-60°F]

7.00am: hove ship off for coal lighters; commenced coaling.

8.45am: prize crew for HMS India landed; 1 Sub Leut. and 4 men.

9.15am: stoker Daly returned from hospital at Glasgow; hands employed painting davits etc.

3.00pm: received on board gunnery stores, 60 rifles and ammunition; gunnery stores landed.

4.45-5.15pm: 2nd part of Starboard Watch ashore.

6.00pm: remainder of 2nd part of Starboard Watch ashore.

9.31pm: ceased coaling for the day.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036575: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-013_0.jpg)


20 May 1915

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SSE and N force 2; broken cloud; air temperature 52-63°F]

4.00am: shifted ship to opposite berth.

10.00am: received gunnery stores on board.

2.00pm: resumed coaling.

5.00pm: 1st part of Starboard Watch ashore.

8.45pm: 6 engine room ratings discharged to Mauretania.*


*[Note: Mauretania was withdrawn from service in the early part of the war and laid up in Liverpool in preparation for future use as a troop transport and hospital ship. At this time, she was being prepared for involvement in the landings at Gallipoli. Mauretania survived the war. See Diana Preston; Wilful Murder: The Sinking of the Lusitania, Doubleday, 2002 p 59.]


4caf8c75cadfd34197036576: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-013_1.jpg)


21 May 1915

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SSE and N force 2; broken cloud; air temperature 52-77°F]

6.45am: shifted ship.

8.00am: commenced coaling; hands employed painting ship.

1.00pm: discharged 1 man to hospital.

3.00pm: 2nd part of Starboard Watch on long leave.

5.00pm: stopped coaling starboard side bunkers.

9.30pm: stopped coaling for the day.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036577: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-014_0.jpg)


22 May 1915

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SW and N force 2; broken cloud; air temperature 52-58°F]

1.15am: shifted ship to let SS Metagama out.

6.30am: hauled ship from quay to allow coal lighters inside.

7.00am: resumed coaling ship.

4.00pm: stopped coaling ship.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036578: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-014_1.jpg)


23 May 1915

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly E force 1; cloudless; air temperature 52-72°F]

7.30am: coaling ship.

10.00am: Roman Catholic church party ashore.

10.30am: Church of England church party ashore.

10.50am: C of E church party returned.

4.00pm: ceased coaling.

11.58pm: 1 prisoner brought on board by police.*


[Note: as this is a Sunday, one might assume that the prisoner had been arrested as a result of a Saturday night disturbance, but this event took At patrol. very late on Sunday night, so there could have ben more to it, unless we can assume the prisoner spent all day recovering in the police cells. It is also possible that this was a crew member who had not returned from leave.]


4caf8c75cadfd34197036579: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-015_0.jpg)


24 May 1915

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly E force 1; cloudless; air temperature 60-70°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling ship.

9.00am: hands employed taking in stewards’ and carpenters’ stores.

5.00pm: stopped coaling.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703657a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-015_1.jpg)


25 May 1915

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind “light airs” force 1; cloudless; air temperature 60-68°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling ship.

9.00am: ceased coaling; hands painting wardroom etc, armourer’s crew working at guns.

11.00am: taking on board stewards’ stores --- 4 casks of rum, and landed 5 empty casks.

1.00pm: hands employed painting wardroom and smoking room.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703657b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-016_0.jpg)


26 May 1915

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind “light airs” force 1; cloudless; air temperature average 65°F]

[Coaling 7.30am to 9.30pm]


4caf8c75cadfd3419703657c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-016_1.jpg)


27 May 1915

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind ESE force 2-5; cloudless then broken cloud; air temperature am 60°F, pm 51°F; sea pm average 51°F]

6.50am: unmoored ship.

7.00am: left berth.

7.30am: entered Canada Lock - made fast.

8.50am left locks.

9.00am: entered river.

9.12am: anchored in 13 fathoms of water, 60 fathoms of cable on port anchor.

11.00am: gunnery party testing guns.

Draught leaving Liverpool: 28’10” forward, 28’0” aft.

12.40pm: commenced heaving up.

12.55pm: anchor up; various speeds to pilot’s orders.

1.47pm: Formby Light Vessel abeam.

1.55pm: discharged pilot.

2.09pm: Bar Light Vessel abeam; course N46°W, zigzag 28° each side every 5 minutes.

2.20pm: log streamed and set.

5.20pm altered course to N52°W.

6.10pm: altered course to N62°W.

6.25pm: log carried away.

6.50pm: log streamed.

7.50pm: log reset; Chickens Rock abeam.

9.55pm: South Rock Light abeam.

11.12pm: Mew Island Light abeam.

11.45pm: altered course to N30°E, zigzagging as before.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703657d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-017_0.jpg)


28 May 1915

At sea [en route to patrol ground]

Lat 56.1, Long -7.5

[Wind NNW then NE force 5; sea moderate to rough; broken cloud; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 50°F]

[Courses various, mainly NNW and zigzagging 28° every 5 minutes]

0.10am: Sanda Light bore N10°W.

2.05am: Mull of Cantyre abeam.

2.35am: Otter Light Vessel bearing N35°W.

3.16am: Otter Light Vessel abeam 2 miles.

4.10am: Oversay Light abeam 3½ miles.

6.45am: quarters; clean guns.

8.05am: Skerryvore Lighthouse bearing N82°E.

2. 45pm: St Kilda bearing N60°E.

3.40pm: St Kilda abeam; sounding: 76 fathoms gravel.

5.50pm: 2° allowed for leeway.

Coal remaining 2807 tons.

Distance run 300 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd3419703657e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-017_1.jpg)


29 May 1915

At sea and At patrol.

Lat 60.2, Long -11.8

[Wind mainly NE force 5; sea moderate; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 41°F; sea average 48°F]

[Courses various, mainly NNE and NNW and zigzagging 28° every 5 minutes]

7.10am: altered course to N41°E.

10.40am: challenged by HMS Columbella.

7.45pm: hands darken ship [this is repeated at this time each day]

9.00pm: altered course to N20°W.

0.00am: altered course to S22°E.

Distance run 266 miles.

4caf8c75cadfd3419703657f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-018_0.jpg)


30 May 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.5, Long -8.6

[Wind mainly WSW force 6-7 then WNW force 5-6; sea moderate; mainly broken cloud with some rain squalls; air temperature average 46°F; sea average 47°F]

[Base courses N20°W and S22°E, zigzagging 28° each side every 5 minutes]

Number on sick list: nil.

Distance run 224 miles.



4caf8c75cadfd34197036580: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-018_1.jpg)


31 May 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.2, Long -9.6

[Wind mainly W force 3-5; sea slight; mainly broken cloud with some rain showers; air temperature average 45°F; sea average 47°F]

[Base courses N20°W and S22°E, zigzagging 28° each side every 5 minutes]

10.00am: boys to kit muster, Red Watch to loader, Blue Watch cleaning boats.

11.00am: stewards and cooks to physical drill.

3.00pm: sounding in 85 fathoms gravel and shells.

3.15pm: Myggeneas Lighthouse [Faroes] bearing S77°E.

3.20pm: altered course to N86°E, full speed.

3.40pm: speed 12 knots.

4.15pm: hailed trawler Stoic of Grimsby [No. GY] 1015.

5.10pm: exercise “abandon ship”.

Distance run 227 miles.


4caf8c75cadfd34197036581: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c75cadfd34197036582: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c75cadfd34197036583: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c75cadfd34197036584: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c75cadfd34197036585: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c75cadfd34197036586: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67703/ADM 53-67703-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR JUNE 1915


4caf8c76cadfd34197036587: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c76cadfd34197036588: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c76cadfd34197036589: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c76cadfd3419703658a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c76cadfd3419703658b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c76cadfd3419703658c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-003_1.jpg)


1 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.6, Long -8.6

[Wind mainly N force 3-5; sea moderate; mainly broken cloud with some squalls; air temperature average 42°F; sea average 47°F]

[Base courses N20°W and S22°E, zigzagging 28° each side every 5 minutes]

9.30am: exercise “action”.

10.00am: overhauling lifeboats; boys at gunnery instruction.

1.00pm: monthly payment issued.

4.30pm: evening quarters; read Warrants Nos. 20 and 21: confinement in cells.

Distance run 229 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd3419703658d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-004_0.jpg)


2 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.5, Long -8.6

[Wind mainly S force 1-3; sea slight; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 45°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses N20°W and S22°E, zigzagging 28° each side every 5 minutes]

10.00am: physical drill; guns’ crews White Watch to loader; cleaning messdecks and overhauling boats; boys to signalling instruction.

11.00am: stewards and cooks to physical drill.

Distance run 216 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd3419703658e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-004_1.jpg)


3 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.5, Long -9.0

[Wind mainly S and SE force 5; sea slight; mainly overcast with some mist; air temperature average 48°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses N20°W and S22°E, zigzagging 28° each side every 5 minutes]

Number on sick list: nil.

Distance run 234 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd3419703658f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-005_0.jpg)


4 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.2, Long -9.5

[Wind mainly S and SE force 5; sea slight; mainly broken cloud and overcast with some mist; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses N20°W and S23°E, zigzagging 28° each side every 5 minutes]

7.44am: altered course to intercept trawler.

9.00am: sighted black conical buoy.

11.53am: altered course to S46°E to intercept ketch.

11.55am: full speed.

12.15pm: half speed; log hauled in; stopped.

12.23pm: boarded Danish ketch Mary Boyes.

12.45pm: boarding boat returned; course NE 11 knots.

1.14pm: hailed Danish ketch.

1.20pm: proceeded at 11 knots.

1.25pm: course WNW.

1.30pm: log streamed and set.

4.15pm: course S64°W, speed 11 knots.

6.25pm: stopped and intercepted Danish motor fishing boat Soley.

7.10pm: boarding boat returned; log streamed.

Distance run 240 miles.

4caf8c76cadfd34197036590: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-005_1.jpg)


5 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.2, Long -10.3

[Wind mainly SW veering to NW force 4-6; sea moderate; mainly broken cloud and overcast with some mist; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses N20°W and S23°E, zigzagging 28° each side every 5 minutes]

12.45pm: altered course to SSW; leeway 2°.

1.43pm: stopped; boarding boat away with mail to HMS Alcantara.

2.05pm: boarding boat returned.

2.10pm: log streamed and set.

4.55pm: full speed spoke with Danish SS Sterling.

5.10pm: speed 11 knots.

Distance run 215 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd34197036591: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-006_0.jpg)


6 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.2, Long -10.0

[Wind mainly WNW force 4 then calm; sea slight; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses N20°W and S23°E, zigzagging 28° each side every 5 minutes]

9.30am: divisions and Captain’s inspection.

10.15am: divine service on mess deck.

4.30pm: altered course to S40°E; full speed.

4.40pm: stopped; spoke to trawler Lord Lansdowne.

5.00pm: altered course to SE; full speed.

5.40pm: stopped and spoke to British trawler Samson*

Distance run 218 miles.


*[Note: these were Admiralty trawlers, most likely on minesweeping duties.]


4caf8c76cadfd34197036592: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-006_1.jpg)


7 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.4, Long -10.4

[Wind mainly ESE force 2-5; sea slight; mainly overcast and misty; air temperature average 47°F; sea average 49°F]

[Base courses N20°W and S23°E, zigzagging 28° each side every 5 minutes]

5.15am: stopped; spoke to British trawler India of Grimsby.

5.19am: proceeded at 11 knots.

9.10am: stopped zig zagging; exercise “action”.

9.40am: dropped target; commenced firing with aiming rifles from No. 1 & 3 guns; ship maneuvering as required.

10.50am: ceased firing.

11.14am: picked up target.

11.15am: log streamed and set; course S23°E, full speed.

Noon: speed reduced to 11 knots.

5.00pm: evening quarters; exercised “abandon ship”.

7.30pm: reduced speed to examine trawler.

7.35pm: proceeded.

Distance run 243 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd34197036593: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-007_0.jpg)


8 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.4, Long -10.4

[Wind mainly S and ESE force 2-4; sea slight to smooth; mainly overcast and misty with some broken cloud; air temperature 48-58°F; sea average 49°F]

[Base courses N20°W and S23°E, zigzagging 28° each side every 5 minutes]

7.10am: full speed.

7.21am: altered course to S by E.

7.30am half speed; spoke to trawler Sisapon of Grimsby.

9.30am: dropped target for aiming rifle practice.

10.35am: picked up target; set course S23°E, full speed.

4.34pm: spoke to Danish ketch VN193; engines as required.

5.02pm: read Warrant No. 23.

Number on sick list: nil.

Distance run 231 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd34197036594: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-007_1.jpg)


9 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long -10.4

[Wind E veering to SW force 2-3; sea slight to smooth; overcast with showers then broken cloud; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses N20°W and S23°E, zigzagging 28° each side every 5 minutes]

9.00am: various courses and speeds.

9.20am: intercepted British trawler Barle of Grimsby.

11.25am: spoke with British trawler Orelia [possibly Aralia]

Coal remaining 1331 tons.

Distance run 255 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd34197036595: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-008_0.jpg)


10 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.4, Long -9.9

[Wind W and WSW force 1-6; sea slight to smooth; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 49°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses N20°W and S23°E, zigzagging 28° each side every 5 minutes]

8.00am: full speed 14 knots; straight course.

9.30am: exercise “action”; practice aiming rifle; dropped target.

10.45am: picked up target.

11.50am: altered course to S25°W.

2.10pm: increased speed; overhauled trawler.

2.30pm: altered course to N50°E.

7.00pm: altered course to E to intercept steamer; full speed.

9.10pm: altered course to N55°W.

Number on sick list: nil.

Distance run 247 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd34197036596: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-008_1.jpg)


11 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.2, Long -9.8

[Wind WSW force 5-6; sea moderate; mainly cloudy and misty; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses N20°W and S23°E, zigzagging 28° each side every 5 minutes]

11.00am: Blue Watch at gunnery.

1.00pm: leeway 4°.

Distance run 262 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd34197036597: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-009_0.jpg)


12 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.1, Long -9.7

[Wind W force 5 veering to E force 3; sea slight; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 51°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses N20°W and S23°E, zigzagging 28° each side every 5 minutes]

10.00am: hands cleaning ship.

10.15pm: straight course, full speed.

Distance run 269 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd34197036598: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-009_1.jpg)


13 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.8, Long -8.9

[Wind E veering to SW force 3; sea slight to smooth; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 49°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses N20°W and S23°E, zigzagging 28° each side every 5 minutes]

11.42am: altered course to S55°E; full speed.

1.00pm: various courses and speeds while speaking to 3 Hull trawlers.

7.50pm: Faroes Islands bore S18°E.

Distance run 275 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd34197036599: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-010_0.jpg)


14 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.4, Long -8.6

[Wind SW force 2-3; sea slight to smooth; mainly overcast with mist; air temperature average 49°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses N20°W and S23°E, zigzagging 28° each side every 5 minutes]

10.00am: guns’ crews Blue Watch to loader, boys to seamanship instruction.

3.52pm: speed 10 knots straight course.

5.10pm: resumed zigzagging, increased to 12 knots.

7.00pm: altered course to S12°W full speed.

7.45pm: stopped.

7.50pm: boarded Danish SS Botnia*.

8.18pm: boarding boat returned; course N20°W, log reset.

9.19pm: altered course to S23°E, engine full speed.

Distance run 278 miles.


*[Note: this vessel regularly plied the route from Iceland to Copenhagen, and was frequently intercepted by the Northern Patrol.]


4caf8c76cadfd3419703659a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-010_1.jpg)


15 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.2, Long -6.5

[Wind variable and calm; sea smooth; mainly broken cloud and overcast with mist; air temperature 48-57°F; sea average 48°F]

2.00am: Sydro Island [Suduroy, Faroes] bearing N36°E.

2.30am: Sydro Island bearing N13°E.

3.55am: altered course to N55°E.

5.55am: altered course to S55°W.

9.50am: stopped and boarded Norwegian SS Agnes.

10.10am: boarding boat returned and SS Agnes proceeded.

10.00am: boys to gunnery, stewards and cooks to physical drill.

11.10am: altered course to N65°W; Mykines Rock abeam. [?]

11.28am: altered course to N43°W.

3.12pm: altered course to N27°E.

5.12pm: sounding in 69 fathoms, gravel and shells.

5.52pm: Myggenaes Island bearing S47°E 17 miles.

Coal remaining 661 tons.


4caf8c76cadfd3419703659b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-011_0.jpg)


16 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.5, Long -8.1

[Wind NNE and NE force 3-4; sea slight; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 41°F; sea average 46°F]

2.00am: altered course to N65°W.

2.54am: altered course to S23°W.

10.00am: boys at torpedo instruction.

3.00pm: Myggenaes Lighthouse bore S15°W.

5.00pm: altered course to S52°W.

5.52pm: Myggenaes Lighthouse abeam.

7.45pm: challenged by HMS Orotava.

Coal remaining 472 tons.


4caf8c76cadfd3419703659c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-011_1.jpg)


17 June 1915

At patrol [and en route to Liverpool]

Lat 59.4, Long -10.4

[Wind SE and E force 2-6; sea moderate; broken cloud then overcast; air temperature 46-56°F; sea 50-56°F]

2.42am: course S22°W.

3.00am: altered course to SE to intercept steamer; resumed course S22°W.

9.12am: altered course to S6°W.

1.20pm: altered course to S34°E.

[Soundings: 4.20pm and 4.40pm: no bottom, 5.00pm: 84 fathoms, 7.10pm: 62 fathoms sand, 7.40pm: 36 fathoms sand, 9.30pm: 33 fathoms sand]

5.00pm: Starboard Watch on defence stations, Port Watch closed up.

9.40pm: Oversay Light bore S48°E.

10.40pm: Oversay Light abeam 4 miles; altered course to S56°E.

11.30pm: Otter Rock abeam; altered course to SE½S [sic]

11.45pm: various courses.


4caf8c76cadfd3419703659d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-012_0.jpg)


18 June 1915

At sea and at Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -4.1

[NB am only: [Wind SE force 4; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature 48°F; sea 51°F]

0.30am: Mull of Cantyre abeam.

0.54am: altered course to SSE straight course.

2.00am: Corsewall Point abeam 7½ miles.

2.26am: Black Head abeam.

3.00am: zigzagging 20° each side.

5.55am: Chicken Rock bore N64°E.

8.00am: altered course to S51°E.

10.05am: stand by; log housed.

10.15am: Bar Light Vessel abeam.

10.30am: embarked pilot.

10.40am: Formby Light Vessel abeam.

11.00am: Bearings: Rock Light Vessel N34°W; North Wall N13°E.

10.45am: anchored off docks in 11 fathoms with 60 fathoms of cable on port anchor.

1.15pm: weighed anchor.

1.30pm: proceeded into dock escorted by tugs.

2.00pm: entered Sandon Basin.

2.20pm: made fast; awaiting tide.

3.20pm: proceeded to berth.

3.55pm: made fast in berth.

4.00pm: liberty men mustered.

5.00pm: hove ship off wharf to allow coal lighters to pass inside.

6.30pm: commenced coaling.

9.30pm: stopped coaling.

11.45pm: liberty men correct.



4caf8c76cadfd3419703659e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-012_1.jpg)


19 June 1915

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

6.30am: called hands.

7.00am: resumed coaling.

1.00pm: piped liberty men to clean.

1.30pm: liberty men ashore.

4.00pm: stopped coaling.

5.00pm: liberty men ashore.

11.00pm: liberty men returned.


4caf8c76cadfd3419703659f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-013_0.jpg)


20 June 1915

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

6.30am: hands called; clear decks.

8.00am: hands to breakfast and clear.

9.00am: clear messdecks; R.C church party left.

10.00am: R.C church party returned.

10.30am: C of E church party left.

12.30pm: C of E church party returned.

1.00pm and 4.00pm: liberty men ashore.*


*[Note: it is interesting that even in wartime, no coaling took place on a Sunday.]


4caf8c76cadfd341970365a0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-013_1.jpg)


21 June 1915


At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind W force 2 and calm; air temperature average 60°F]

6.30am: called hands; cleaning and painting ship.

7.00am: resumed coaling.

4.00pm: liberty men ashore.

5.00pm: read Warrant No. 23.

7.00pm: liberty men ashore.

9.30pm: stopped coaling for the night.


4caf8c76cadfd341970365a1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-014_0.jpg)


22 June 1915

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind E; air temperature average 58°F]

6.30am: called hands.

7.00am: resumed coaling; hands attending to moorings and clearing mess decks.

5.00pm: liberty men ashore.

6.00pm: taking aboard ammunition.

7.30pm: shifted ship for coal lighters.

9.30pm: stopped coaling for the night.

11.00pm: liberty men correct.


4caf8c76cadfd341970365a2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-014_1.jpg)


23 June 1915

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; rain]

6.30am: called hands; shifted ship.

7.00am: resumed coaling.

5.00pm: liberty men ashore.

9.30pm: stopped coaling for the night.

11.00pm: liberty men correct.


4caf8c76cadfd341970365a3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-015_0.jpg)


24 June 1915

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

6.30am: called hands; cleaned ship.

8.00am: resumed coaling.

11.00am: finished coaling.

2.30pm: rigging new crow’s nest; taking in stores.

4.00pm and 6.00pm: liberty men ashore.

11.00pm: liberty men correct.


4caf8c76cadfd341970365a4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-015_1.jpg)


25 June 1915

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[barometer 29.76]

6.30am: called hands; cleaned ship.

9.00am: shifting ship to allow SS Empress of Britain* to dock.

2.00pm: taking in stores.

5.00pm: liberty men ashore.

11.00pm: liberty men correct.


*[Note: currently operating as a troopship for the Dardanelles campaign.]

4caf8c76cadfd341970365a5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-016_0.jpg)


26 June 1915

At Liverpool [and en route to patrol ground]

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind E backing to NNE force 3; sea “calm” (sic) ;overcast with mist and fog; air temperature average 55°F (am only)]

6.30am: called hands; cleaned ship.

8.20am: singled up.

8.40am: departed berth.

9.12am: entered Sandon Basin.

9.29am: entered River Mersey.

9.43am: cast off tugs and proceeded to anchorage off New Brighton.

10.28am: let go port anchor and veered cable to 60 fathoms.

Bearings: North Wall Lighthouse E, Rock Light W, ship’s head N30°W.

11.15am: quarters; clean guns and remaining hands up ammunition.

Noon: guns released for action.

1.00pm: hove up anchor.

1.10pm: proceeded to sea; tug Bison in attendance.

1.53pm: passed Crosby Light Vessel.

2.06pm: Formby Light Vessel.

2.22pm: reduced speed and discharged pilot.

2.24pm: full ahead and set course N44°W.

2.30pm: passed Bar Light Vessel; streamed patent log; destroyer escort ahead.

4.30-4.45pm: altered course to N48°W; zigzagging 20° each side.

4.56pm: escorting destroyer left; read Warrant No 24.

5.43pm: cast lead; 23 fathoms sand.

6.30pm: Chickens Lighthouse bearing N4°E.

6.45pm: altered course to N2°E.

6.55pm: Chickens Lighthouse abeam 2½ miles.

9.45pm: altered course to N17°E; straight course.

10.25pm: dead slow.

10.40pm: altered course to N; cast lead; 35 fathoms sand.

10.55pm: altered course to NW; cast lead; 28 fathoms sand.

11.05pm: altered course to N; cast lead; 28 fathoms sand.

11.35pm: cast lead; 45 fathoms sand.

11.50pm: altered course to N4°W, half speed.

11.55pm: full speed.

4caf8c76cadfd341970365a6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-016_1.jpg)


27 June 1915

At sea [en route to patrol ground]

Lat 56.4, Long -9.3

[Wind N (NNE and NW) force 3-4; sea smooth to slight; mainly overcast with mist; air temperature 52-64°F; sea average 55°F]

0.30am: altered course to N27°W.

0.45am: altered course to N55°W.

1.02am: Sanda Light abeam 3½ miles.

1.37am: Mull of Cantyre Light abeam.

1.57am: altered course to NNW.

2.45am: Otter Light Vessel abeam 2½ miles.

3.45am: Oversay Light abeam.

5.40am: altered course to N34°W, zigzagging 20° each side every 10 minutes.

10.05am: cast lead; 75 fathoms sand.

10.45am: cast lead; 100 fathoms sand.

Noon: observation: Sun obscured.

2.00pm: 2° leeway allowed on westerly leg.

8.07pm: altered course to N51°E; full speed.

10.18pm: HMS Motagua challenged – replied.

10.23pm: stop.

10.43pm: Motagua's boat alongside.

10.44pm: same left with CPO Windsor W/T RNR.

10.46pm: altered course to N24°E; log restreamed; speed 13 knots.

Distance run 307 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd341970365a7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-017_0.jpg)


28 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.4, Long -10.6

[Wind ENE force 3-4; sea slight; mainly overcast with mist; air temperature average 51°F; sea average 51°F]

[Base courses S3°E and N, zigzagging 20° every 10 minutes]

10.00am: speed 12 knots; Blue Watch at loader, boys to seamanship, midshipmen to signalling.

12.15pm: intercepted Norwegian barquentine Henrik Ibsen on passage from Christiania to Kingston (Nova Scotia).

12.45pm: intercepted Norwegian barquentine Saga on passage from Svendborg [Denmark] to Chatham (St Lawrence) in ballast; both vessels allowed to proceed.

2.25pm: stopped and boarded Norwegian SS Sommerstad on passage from Newfoundland to Kirkwall with a cargo of iron ore.

3.45pm: same SS sent in with armed guard.

7.45pm: darken ship.

Distance run 286 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd341970365a8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-017_1.jpg)


29 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.4, Long -10.6

[Wind ENE and E force 3; sea slight; mainly overcast; air temperature average 51°F; sea average 51°F]

[Base courses S3°E and N, zigzagging 20° every 10 minutes]

9.30am: No. 2 gun crew at range practice; landed log.

10,45am: midshipmen and boys to gun drill.

11.00am: picked up target.

11.10am: restreamed log.

11.15am: challenged HMS Royal Scot *and HMS Columbella.

11.45am: sounded: secure.

1.00pm: White Watch chipping break of forecastle head.

Distance run 213 miles.


*[Note:the Armed Boarding Steamer (support vessel) HMS Royal Scot joined “C” Patrol on June 29th 1915 in place of HMS Orcoma.]


4caf8c76cadfd341970365a9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-018_0.jpg)


30 June 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.3, Long -10.3

[Wind ENE and E force 2-4; sea slight; mainly overcast with fog; air temperature 50-56°F; sea average 52°F]

[Base courses S3°E and N, zigzagging 28° every 10 minutes]

3.50am: signalled HMS Patuca.

7.15am: altered course to N68°E.

9.18am: N68°E straight course.

9.23am: stop.

9.35am: landed log; full astern.

9.29am: stop; received 6 officers and 78 men from HMS Caesarea for distribution to Patrol.

10.03am: streamed log; set course N64°W.

11.30am: altered course to N30°W; midshipmen at gun drill, boys at physical.

1.40pm: met HMS Columbella; stopped and discharged 2 officers and 10 ratings.

2.00pm: proceeded at 13 knots; altered course to N21°E.

5.20pm: sighted and challenged HMS Royal Scot.

7.00pm: challenged HMS Oropesa.

Distance run 248 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd341970365aa: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-018_1.jpg)

4caf8c76cadfd341970365ab: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c76cadfd341970365ac: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c76cadfd341970365ad: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c76cadfd341970365ae: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c76cadfd341970365af: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c76cadfd341970365b0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67704/ADM 53-67704-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR JULY 1915


4caf8c76cadfd341970365b1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c76cadfd341970365b2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c76cadfd341970365b3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c76cadfd341970365b4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c76cadfd341970365b5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c76cadfd341970365b6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-003_1.jpg)


1 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.8, Long -14.3

[Wind SE and E force 2-4; sea slight; mainly overcast with rain and mist; air temperature 44-50°F; sea average 50°F]

[Base courses S3°E and N3°E, no record here of zigzagging]

0.00am: sighted HMS Otway.

6.20am: sighted HMS Hilary; altered course to N30°W.

6.55am: stopped and boat took off Hilary’s ratings; 1 officer and 4 men.

7.10am: half ahead; set course N3°E.

10.00am: midshipmen to loader, boys to kit inspection.

11.45am: midshipmen to signal instruction.

Noon: DR; Sun obscured.

1.06pm: stopped and hauled in log; boarded Dutch trawler Freia on passage from Ijmuiden to Iceland (fishing); allowed to proceed.

3.25pm: point of land (Iceland) bore N3°E (comp).

4.00pm: cast lead to 70 fathoms-sand and black stones.

5.35pm: cast lead to 64 fathoms-sand and mud.

8.50pm: cast lead to 130 fathoms.*

Distance run 275 miles.


*[Note: Virginian is taking soundings as she has reached the beginning of the shelf surrounding Iceland.]


4caf8c76cadfd341970365b7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-004_0.jpg)


2 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.0, Long -10.9

[Wind SE and E force 2-4; sea slight; mainly overcast with fog, rain and mist; air temperature average 49°F; sea average 50°F]

[Base courses S2°W and N3°E, no record here of zigzagging]

7.23am: altered course to N70°E.

10.00am: midshipmen to torpedo instruction, boys to signal and squad drill, White Watch rifle stripping.

11.00am: engineers to squad drill.

Noon: DR; Sun obscured.

1.05pm: altered course to SE; signalled HMS Alsatian.

2.00pm: stop; discharged Alsatian’s ratings (1 officer and 4 men).

2.35pm: proceeded and restreamed log.

6.30pm: overhauled Danish trawler HJ 334.

8.40pm: altered course to S20°W.

Distance run 235 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd341970365b8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-004_1.jpg)


3 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.8, Long -10.5

[Wind mainly SSW force 0-3; sea slight with westerly swell; mainly overcast with fog and mist; air temperature 50-57°F; sea average 52°F]

[Base courses S20°W and S25°W and N3°E, some zigzagging]

0.00am: moderate SSE'ly swell.

7.27am: speed in fog 8 knots.

10-11.00am: log foul; cleared and restreamed.

Noon: DR; Sun obscured.

1.00pm: course S42°W.

4.00pm: relieved HMS Arlanza on patrol.*

6.42pm: sighted Danish schooner Lindhardt.

Distance run 245 miles.


*[Note: Arlanza had been redirected to “F” Patrol south of Iceland, and Virginian took her place in C” Patrol south of the Faroes.]


4caf8c76cadfd341970365b9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-005_0.jpg)


4 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.0, Long -10.6

[Wind mainly SW and SSW force 0-3; sea slight; mainly broken cloud; air temperature 54-62°F; sea average 54°F]

[Base courses S2°E and N1°W, zigzagging “in, out and straight every 10 minutes”]

3.40pm: sighted three-masted schooner (Norwegian) steering West, name LRIISDAHL [sic].

4.10pm: altered course to S80°E to intercept same.

4.27pm: stop; landed log.

5.10pm: proceeded after boarding Lriisdahl.

9.55pm: sighted sail.

10.00pm: altered course to N70°W.

11.00pm: overhauled sail and found it to be the three-masted schooner boarded before.

Distance run 244 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd341970365ba: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-005_1.jpg)


5 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.3, Long -10.2

[Wind mainly SW and SSW force 0-3; sea slight; mainly overcast with mist and rain; air temperature average 56°F; sea average 54°F]

[Base courses S2°E and N1°W, with some zigzagging]

1.40am: altered course to S50°W to intercept Danish schooner Lundlard [?]

2.00am: altered course to NW; zigzagging.

6.30am: westerly gun’s crew not closed up to loader.

7.20am: course N62°E straight course.

10.10am: officers to physical drill, White Watch chipping and cleaning paintwork, Red Watch (part not closed up) at small arms instruction, boys at seamanship, engineers and stokers at squad drill, midshipmen at signals.

11.30am: sighted HMS Victorian.

11.40am: landed log and reduced speed.

11.55am: stop.

12.15pm: discharged ratings to Victorian (2 officers and 8 men).

2.15pm: altered course to S79°W to intercept steamer.

4.09pm: landed log and boarded [Norwegian] SS Locksley.

4.55pm: dispatched this vessel to Kirkwall in charge of prize crew.

Distance run 243 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd341970365bb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-006_0.jpg)


6 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.3, Long -10.5

[Wind W veering to NNW force 1-4; sea slight; mainly overcast; air temperature average 55°F; sea average 54°F]

[Base courses S2°E and N1°W, with some zigzagging]

7.40am: sighted steamer 3 points on port bow.

8.03am: straight course.

8.25am: slow and landed log; stop and boarded SS [no name entered]

9.08am: proceeded on return of boarding officer.

9.20am: course N1°W zigzagging.

9.30am: officers to squad drill, marines to infantry training.

11.00pm: intercepted French barque General de Sous [sic: possibly Generale des Eaux] on passage from Leith to Valparaiso with a cargo of coke; same allowed to proceed.


4caf8c76cadfd341970365bc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-006_1.jpg)


7 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.4, Long -10.6

[Wind NNE and NE force 2-4; sea slight; mainly broken cloud; air temperature 52-64°F; sea average 54°F]

[Base courses S2°E and N1°W, with some zigzagging]

10.40am: intercepted Swedish SS Baltic bound west with a cargo of timber; allowed to proceed.

12.08pm: stop on meeting HMS Mantua; received 1 officer and 4 men (armed guard returning).

1.40pm: sighted Danish steamer.

2.21pm: stop and landed log.

2.57pm: proceeded and sent steamer to Kirkwall. [no ship name is given here]

2.30pm: sighted Swedish SS Sydic.

4.17pm: stopped and boarded SS Sydic; allowed to proceed.

4.40pm: proceeded on course N1°W and streamed log.

Distance run 256 miles.


4caf8c76cadfd341970365bd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-007_0.jpg)


8 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.2, Long -10.5

[Wind NNE and NE force 2-4; sea slight; mainly broken cloud and overcast; air temperature 52-62°F; sea average 54°F]

[Base courses S2°E and N1°W, with some zigzagging]

8.05am: guns’ crews (Red Watch) (not closed up); 4.7” [gun] drill; White and Blue at rifle instruction, boys to seamanship, midshipmen to signals.

10.30am: engineers to squad drill; prize crews fall in for payment.

6.13pm: full ahead; SS Frederick VIII in sight.

7.55pm: altered course to N85°E; signalled SS Frederick VIII; prize crew from HMS Columbella aboard.

8.40pm: altered course N69°W to intercept British SS Brantford.*

9.00pm: altered course to N54°W.

Distance run 254 miles.


*[Note: SS Brantford had also already been boarded by Columbella but allowed to proceed. See

http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM53-38277/ADM%2053-38277-082_0.jpg]


4caf8c76cadfd341970365be: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-007_1.jpg)


9 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.3, Long -10.5

[Wind NW force 3-7; sea moderate; mainly broken cloud and overcast; air temperature average 56°F; sea average 54°F]

[Base courses S2°E and N1°W, with some zigzagging]

4.40am: altered course to N55°W.

5.10am: landed log; stopped and boarded Danish SS Nordkvalen [sic: possibly Nordhvalen] bound west; allowed to proceed.

3.35 - 3.40pm: stop for engineering purpose.

8.30pm: challenged by HMS Hilary.

9.12pm: altered course to N54°W; full speed.

Distance run 256 miles.

4caf8c77cadfd341970365bf: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-008_0.jpg)


10 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.4, Long -10.8

[Wind NW force 5-6; sea moderate; mainly overcast; air temperature average 54°F; sea average 54°F]

[Base courses S2°E and N1°W, with some zigzagging]


1.55am: course N1°W; 2° for leeway.

Noon: obs. Sun obscured.

3.30pm: steamer in sight.

4.20pm: altered course to N40°W; log landed; boarded SS New Sweden and allowed to proceed, she having been previously boarded.

5.00pm: altered course to N1°W; streamed log.

7.07pm: received orders to send SS New Sweden into Stornoway with an armed guard.*

7.38pm: boarding boat returned to ship.

Distance run 263 miles.


[Note: no further details of his incident are available. However, as New Sweden was known to communicate regularly with SS Bergensfjord, a particular bete noir of the Squadron, it may have been that there was some mistrust of this vessel.]


4caf8c77cadfd341970365c0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-008_1.jpg)


11 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.4, Long -10.8

[Wind WNW force 5 veering to N force 3; sea moderate with a NW swell; mainly broken cloud and overcast; air temperature average 55°F; sea average 54°F]

[Base courses S2°E and N1°W, with some zigzagging]

4.00pm: sighted HMS Mantua.

4.40pm: sent boat to same HMS for prize crews (2 officers and 8 men).

5.00pm: all aboard.

Number on sick list: nil.

Distance run 249 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365c1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-009_0.jpg)


12 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.5, Long -10.7

[Wind variable-NNE backing through to W force 3; sea slight; mainly broken cloud and overcast with mist and haze; air temperature 49-59°F; sea average 53°F]

[Base courses S2°E and N1°W, with some zigzagging]

5.30pm: boys and stokers at medical lecture.

7.05pm: altered course to S68°W to intercept steamer [not named]

7.40pm: log landed; stopped.

8.13pm: log restreamed; proceeded.

Coal remaining 832 tons.

Number on sick list: 2

Distance run 255 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365c2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-009_1.jpg)


13 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.4, Long -10.7

[Wind “light variable airs and calms”; sea slight with moderate NW swell; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 53°F; sea average 53°F]

[Base courses S2°E and N1°W, with some zigzagging]

9.30am: started steaming around target for 1'' aiming rifle practice.

10.30am: ceased firing; stop and picked up target.

Midnight: full speed and left patrol.

Distance run 262 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365c3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-010_0.jpg)


14 July 1915

At sea [en route to Liverpool].

Lat 56.3, Long -9.8

[Wind calm and “light airs”; sea smooth; mainly broken cloud and overcast; air temperature 51-65°F; sea average 55°F]

8.00am: Port Watch closed up.

9.52am: altered course to S59°E, zigzagging.

2.20pm: cast lead: 90 fathoms coarse sand.

3.00pm: altered course to S56°E.

4.20pm: land sighted bearing N76°E (comp).

7.14pm: Rhynns Island abeam; altered course to SE½S [sic]

7.24pm: altered course to SW; Rhynns Island bearing N46°E 5 miles.

10.00pm: Maidens abeam 4 miles.

10.20pm: altered course to S5°E.

11.14pm: Mew Island Light abeam 5 miles.

11.45pm: Skulmartin Light Vessel abeam 4½ miles.

Distance run 324 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365c4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-010_1.jpg)


15 July 1915

At sea from patrol to Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0 [Liverpool: no position entered in log]

[Wind calm and NW force 3; sea smooth; mainly broken cloud; air temperature 52-67°F; sea average 54°F]

0.15am: South Rock Light abeam 5½ miles.

2.00am: course S50°E, zigzagging; Chickens Light abeam 1 mile.

5.10am: course S46°E, zigzagging.

6.00am: landed log; course S46°E, straight course.

6.20am: passed Bar Light Vessel; pilot Mr Sumner boarded.

6.50am: passed Formby Light Vessel.

8.09am: stop; let go port anchor in 10 fathoms; veered cable to 60 fathoms; rang off main engines and stand by.

10.00am: boarding boat took postman ashore; flood tide.

Noon: anchor bearings: Canada Tower, N45°E, North Wall, N14°E, Rock Lighthouse, N32°W, ship’s head N25°W.

2.25pm: swung to ebb tide; hands cleaning ship.

4.00pm: Port Watch piped for leave.

7.00pm: swung to flood tide.

11:40pm: hove up anchor.

Distance run 335 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365c5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-011_0.jpg)


16 July 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind am NW force 2, pm SE force 2-3; am- broken cloud, pm overcast with mist; air temperature 64-56°F]

0.40am: anchor up, slow ahead and proceeded to dock entrance; tugs in attendance Bison and Otter.

1.20am: entered Sandon Locks.

2.30am: made fast alongside in Sandon Dock.

2.45am: 1st Watch and stokers on long leave.

7.00am: started coaling ship at No. 3 side pockets.

10.00am: prize crew officer SO Jones returned aboard.

11.00am: prize crew (1 PO and 4 men) returned.

2.00pm: piped short leave Starboard Watch 1-11.30pm.

5.00pm: Warrant No. 25 read.

5.10pm: Sub Lieut.Shaw, 3 seamen and 1 marine (prize crew) returned aboard.

9.30pm: ceased coaling for the night.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365c6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-011_1.jpg)


17 July 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainy NE force 2-3; mainly overcast with some rain; air temperature 54-63°F]

7.00am: started coaling again at No. 3 hatch and side pockets.

9.00am: hands scaling overside and shipping sand.

1.00pm: Gunner Hollis RMA discharged to Seaforth Hospital.

4.00pm: ceased coaling for the day.

11.00pm: leave party returned.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365c7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-012_0.jpg)


18 July 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable mainy N force 2; mainly broken cloud; air temperature 59-65°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling.*

9.00am: RC church party landed.

9.45am: RC church party returned.

10.00am: C of E church party to HMS Alsatian.

Noon: same returned.

4.00pm: ceased coaling for the day.

5.15pm: FCO Lakeman (boy telegraphist) joined from Alsatian.

11.00pm: leave party returned.


*[Note: coaling is now taking place on a Sunday, unlike before.]


4caf8c77cadfd341970365c8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-012_1.jpg)


19 July 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind W force 1-2; mainly broken cloud and overcast later; air temperature 60-69°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling.

9.00am: hands employed scaling overside and bringing stores aboard; Armourer’s crew (4) aboard.

4:00pm: read Warrant No. 25.

5.00pm: 1st Watch returned from leave.

6.00pm: 2nd Watch left ship, to return 4.00pm Friday; short leave till 11:30pm for part.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365c9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-013_0.jpg)


20 July 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind W force 1-2; mainly broken cloud; air temperature 58-62°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling.

9.00am: hands employed scaling overside; party painting funnel and masts.

11.00am: shore party lifting guns.

8.00pm: ceased coaling.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365ca: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-013_1.jpg)


21 July 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind W and WNW force 1-2; mainly broken cloud and overcast; air temperature 54-68°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling.

9.00am: ordnance party lifting 4.7 guns for examination.

11.00am: embarking stewards’ stores.

1.25pm: received 4 boxes of bombs [ie grenades] and 2 boxes of detonators.

[5-11.30pm: short leave for part of watch]

8.00pm: ceased coaling.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365cb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-014_0.jpg)


22 July 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind W force 1-2; mainly broken cloud; air temperature 57-68°F]

9.00am: hands employed washing down decks etc.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365cc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-014_1.jpg)


23 July 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 1; mainly broken cloud; air temperature 56-68°F]

9.00am: hands employed washing down decks, bringing in stores etc.

4.00pm: Starboard Watch returned from long leave.

5.00pm: C Harris AB discharged to HMS Eagle.

7.00pm: PO Austin discharged to RN Barracks.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365cd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-015_0.jpg)


24 July 1915

At Liverpool [and en route to patrol ground]

Lat 54.1, Long -4.9

[Wind variable mainly N force 2; sea smooth; mainly broken cloud; air temperature 60-53°F]

7.30am: pilot Chander aboard.

7.54am: left Sandon Dock; tugs Bison and Otter in attendance; hauled through basin to river via Sandon Entrance; Dr Jones left ship for depot.

9.00am: let go port anchor and veered cable to 60 fathoms; dismissed tugs.

11.00am: hands employed swinging out boats.

12.30pm: stand by and hove up anchor.

12.45pm: anchor aweigh and proceeded outwards.

1.45pm: passed Formby Light Vessel; stop and discharged pilot.

1.58pm: slow passing divers boat (working).

2.00pm: passed Bar Light Vessel; streamed and set log.

2.08pm: course N46°W, zigzagging; HMS Dee escorting.

7.20pm: Chickens Lighthouse abeam 7 miles; course N5°E, zigzag.

10.00pm: Mull of Galloway Light abeam; course N5°E, straight course.

11.00pm: Killantringan Light abeam 4 miles.

11.38pm: Corsewall Light abeam 4½ miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365ce: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-015_1.jpg)


25 July 1915

At sea [en route to patrol ground]

Lat 56.3, Long -9.6

[Wind variable mainly W then S force 2-4; sea slight; mainly broken cloud and overcast; air temperature 52-60°F; sea average 54°F]

[am courses mainly NW]

0.55am: Sanda Light abeam.

1.00am: various courses whilst rounding Mull of Cantyre.

1.26am: Mull of Cantyre abeam ¾ mile.

3.35am: Oversay Light abeam 3½ miles.

4.00am: course N45°W, zigzag.

2.00pm: course N10°E, straight course.

4.55pm: course N15°E, straight course.

Distance run 319 miles.

4caf8c77cadfd341970365cf: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-016_0.jpg)


26 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.7, Long -13.2

[Wind mainly E force 2-4; sea slight; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 57°F; sea average 54°F]

[Courses mainly NE]

8.00am: reprimanded Mr Botham Vivian Archer Agnew, probationary Midshipman RNR, for being absent over leave after obtaining a special privilege. [signed by the Captain and the Midshipman]

8.00am: Challenged by HMS Victorian.

9.30am: challenged by HMS Changuinola.

1.00pm: challenged HMS Oropesa. [later HMS Champagne]

1.17pm: course N9°W, zigzag.

1.45pm: challenged HMS Alsatian.

2.00pm: received signal to close.

2.13pm: stop; away boat with mails and 1 PO for Alsatian.*

2.45pm: boat returned.

2.47pm: full speed; set course NW, zigzag, and streamed log.

5.00pm: landed old log and started using new electric log; read Warrant No 27 (Confinement to Cell).**

8.20pm: signalled HMS Hildebrand.

9.45pm: challenged HMS Andes.

10.25pm: altered course to N4°E, straight course.

11.20pm: challenged HMS Arlanza.

11.47: stop; picked up boat from Arlanza.

Distance run 313 miles.


*[Note: at this meeting, Admiral de Chair instructed Virginian to proceed to “F” Patrol south of Iceland, keeping a special lookout for ships carrying wool from Iceland. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 216.]


**[Note: it may be that this refers to the unfortunate Midshipman.]


4caf8c77cadfd341970365d0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-016_1.jpg)


27 July 1915

At patrol [off the south coast of Iceland]

Lat 63.9, Long -14.2

[Wind mainly E and ENE force 1; sea smooth; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 51°F; sea average 50°F]

[Base courses S1°W and N3°E; no reference to zigzagging]*

0.05am: Arlanza’s boat left; proceeded on course N3°E.

9.30am: General Quarters and target practice; log landed 8.55am.

10.00am: boys at signalling, midshipmen at 4.7” gun drill.

10.55am: picked up target.

5.00pm: read Articles of War.**

6.20pm: altered course to N45°E to close trawler.

8.05pm: sounded: 70 fathoms sand.

11.50pm: altered course to S55°W to intercept trawler.

Distance run 252 miles.


*[Note: at this stage of the war, the coast of Iceland was outside of the normal range of U-boat activity.]


**[Note: It was compulsory for the Captain to read the Articles of War to his ship's company at least once a month. These are the regulations by which the ship is governed and cover the offences with which a seaman may be charged and the penalties thereto. It was usually read on a Sunday at divisions. For the origins of the practice in the 17th century and the original Royal Navy Articles of War see N A M Rodger, The Command of the Ocean, Penguin Books, 2005, p 59.]


4caf8c77cadfd341970365d1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-017_0.jpg)


28 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.9, Long -13.9

[Wind variable, E through to W and SW force 1; sea smooth; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 51°F; sea average 51°F]

[Base courses S1°W and N3°E; no reference to zigzagging]

1.50am: altered course to ESE; examined trawler Fres Fraters Ymuiden [sic: name Belvoir Castle is crossed out and initialled by officer]

11.20am: sounded: 85 fathoms gravel.

Noon: sounded: 100 fathoms gravel; Wester Horn [Iceland] bore N52°W 34 miles.

1.10pm: stopped and examined trawler Belvoir Castle.

1.45pm: proceeded on course S27°W, speed 9 knots.

3.15pm: altered course to W; sounded 65 fathoms.

Distance run 248 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365d2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-017_1.jpg)


29 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.1, Long -14.6

[Wind W and SW force 4 to calm; sea slight to smooth; mainly broken cloud with a few showers; air temperature average 53°F; sea average 50°F]

[Base courses S2°W and N3°E; no reference to zigzagging]

[Soundings: 9.00am: 150 fathoms, 10.00am: 90 fathoms gravel, 11.00am: 125 fathoms gravel, Noon: 60 fathoms gravel and stones]

1.30pm: part of Blue Watch not closed up are chipping. [presumably a punishment]

8.40pm: stop.

8.45pm: boarding boat away to trawler.

9.08pm: boat returned.

9.10pm: set course N10°W and restreamed log; speed 9 knots.

Number on sick list: 1.

Distance run 199 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365d3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-018_0.jpg)


30 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.8, Long -14.3

[Wind E force 2 to calm; sea smooth; thick fog; air temperature average 52°F; sea average 47°F]

[Base courses S2°W and N3°E; no reference to zigzagging]

8:43am: thick fog; stop.

8.50am: sounded in 60 fathoms gravel; log landed.

10.00am: physical drill; firemen to small arms drill, boys to loader and bomb-throwing.

Noon: sounded in 56 fathoms gravel and shells.

2.00pm: stopped in dense fog.

4:30pm: fog cleared; restreamed log and set course N.

6.00pm: altered course to S2°W.

Distance run 187 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365d4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-018_1.jpg)


31 July 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.8, Long -14.5


[Wind mainly NE force 1-5; sea smooth to slight; mainly broken cloud and some fog; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 50°F]

[Base courses S2°W and N3°E; no reference to zigzagging]

6.30am: guns’ crews of Blue Watch not closed up to loader.

9.15am: thick fog.

9.50am: reduced speed to slow.

[Soundings: 9.40am: 77 fathoms black sand, 9.58am and 10.08am: 74 fathoms black sand, 10.40am: 110 fathoms gravel, noon: 150 fathoms]

10.45am: fog cleared.

Distance run 186 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365d5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c77cadfd341970365d6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c77cadfd341970365d7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c77cadfd341970365d8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c77cadfd341970365d9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c77cadfd341970365da: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67705/ADM 53-67705-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR AUGUST 1915


4caf8c77cadfd341970365db: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c77cadfd341970365dc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c77cadfd341970365dd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c77cadfd341970365de: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c77cadfd341970365df: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c77cadfd341970365e0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-003_1.jpg)


1 August 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.9, Long -14.5

[Wind mainly ENE force 1-6; sea slight to moderate; mainly cloudless and broken cloud; air temperature average 48°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses S2°W and N3°E; no reference to zigzagging]

4.00am: Western Horn bore N1°W.

Noon: Western Horn bore N30°W 24 miles.

12.15pm: cast lead: 70 fathoms shells and stones.

7.45pm: hands darken ship.

Number on sick list: 4.

Distance run 212 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365e1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-004_0.jpg)


2 August 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.3, Long -5.0*

[Wind mainly NE force 4; sea slight to moderate; mainly overcast with some mist; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 48°F]

6.40am: challenged HMS India.

7.37am: altered course to S66°E.

9.00am: altered course to S70°E, straight course.

10.00am: boys to seamanship instruction, officers to pistol drill, midshipmen to signalling, main topmen to small arms drill, R&R men to squad drill.

7.15pm: altered course to S5°E, straight course.

7.30pm: stop to examine Russian SS Dront of Petrograd.

8.00pm: proceeded on course S57°E, log restreamed.

Distance run 270 miles.


*[Virginian has now moved south east to the Faroes area, and on to the coast of Norway to be replaced on “F” Patrol by HMS Digby. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 220.]


4caf8c77cadfd341970365e2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-004_1.jpg)


3 August 1915

At patrol [off the coast of Norway]

Lat 63.0, Long 2.8

[Wind mainly NE force 2; sea smooth; mainly overcast with mist and fog; air temperature average 54°F; sea average 55°F]

2.22am: course S60°E, zigzagging.

5.00am: stop.

[Soundings: 5.25am: 390 fathoms, 6.20am: 300 fathoms sand, 6.55am: 270 fathoms sand]

8.25am: challenged HMS Teutonic.

9.05am: various speeds and courses whilst manoeuvring around HMSs Teutonic and India.

9.40am: log restreamed; altered course to N39°E, 13 knots.

1.00pm: altered course to S16°W, straight course.

2.33pm: altered course to S6°W, zigzagging.

4.00pm: course N17°E, zigzagging.

5.20pm: course N17°E, straight course.

7.49pm: slow; thick fog.

9.00pm: fog clearing; course S16°W, zigzagging.

Distance run 276 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365e3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-005_0.jpg)


4 August 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.0, Long 2.3

[Wind mainly NE force 3-0; sea smooth; mainly overcast with mist and fog; air temperature average 58°F; sea average 55°F]

[Base courses N17°E and S28°W, with some zigzagging]

3.45am: challenged HMS India.

6.10am: slow, thick fog; course S28°W straight course.

8.00am: thick fog; dead slow.

8.10am: stop.

9.25am: slow ahead course S16°W.

10.00am: met trawlers Tenby Castle, Rushcoe, Newland

, and Saxon.*

8.20am: cast lead: 245 fathoms clay.

10.10am: stop.

10.42am: altered course to S76°E; trawlers following in single line ahead.

7.38pm: altered course to S30°E, full speed.

7.49pm: challenged HMS India; altered course to N1°E.

8.17pm: stop; dense fog; Sub Lieuts. Morrison and Cox with armed guards joined trawlers Tenby Castle and Rushcoe (respectively).

11.45pm: trawlers alongside for provisions.

Distance run 256 miles.


*[Note: these were Admiralty trawlers hired for war work such as minesweeping. See E K Chatterton, The Auxiliary Patrol, Sidgwick and Jackson, 1923 for details.]


4caf8c77cadfd341970365e4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-005_1.jpg)


5 August 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.6, Long 5.1

[Wind mainly NE force 3-0; sea smooth; mainly overcast with mist and fog, clearing later; air temperature average 56°F; sea average 56°F]

[Base courses N70°E and S30°E, with some zigzagging]

3.00am: fog clearing.

3.45am: SS Saxon alongside.

4.20am: proceeded N68°W; streamed log.

5.51am: course N70°E; met SS [ie HM Trawler] Newland; speeds various in order to keep trawlers close.

11.30am: course N70°E zigzagging.

2.00pm: boarded Danish schooner Elwa.

5.23pm: altered course to N65°E.

5.30pm: stop; boarded Russian SS Petchenga; proceeded.

6.30pm and 7.30pm: cast lead: 400 fathoms wire, no bottom.

8.30pm: speed various for trawlers.

Distance run 130½ miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365e5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-006_0.jpg)


6 August 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.6, Long 9.7

[Wind NNE and NE force 1-4; sea smooth; mainly overcast; air temperature average 56°F; sea average 56°F]

1.30am: course N70°E, zigzagging.

2.25am: met trawlers Tenby Castle and Rushcoe.

4.00am: course N52°W; challenged HMS India.

4.15am: cast lead: 90 fathoms shells and stones.

8.43am: stopped and boarded Norwegian trawler Reidulv [sic: possibly Reidun]

9.00am: proceeded on former course and speed.

6.00pm: course S34°E, zigzagging.

6.50pm: stopped and boarded Norwegian SS Botnia.

7.10pm: proceed S54°E and streamed log.

Distance run 240 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365e6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-006_1.jpg)


7 August 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.5, Long 9.0

[Wind NNE force 3-5; sea slight; mainly overcast; air temperature average 56°F; sea average 55°F]

[Base courses N14°E and S55°E, with some zigzagging]

4.05am: Halten Lighthouse [Norway] bearing S29°E(T) 14½ miles.

11.55am: course N66°W, zigzagging.

12.30pm: sounded in 450 fathoms wire no bottom.

1.53pm: altered course to S77°E, straight course.

4.15pm: stop; put 2 armed guards aboard trawler Rushcoe.

4.00pm: cast lead: 97 fathoms sand.

4.05pm: : cast lead: 220 fathoms sand.

7.15pm: straight course N18°W to close with steamer.

8.20pm: stop to board SS Nora*

9.05pm: proceeded on course N78°W.

Distance run 298 miles.


*[Note: there were a number of ships with this name in service at this time, so it is not possible to be certain which of these was encountered by Virginian. However, as no nationality is given in the log, this might suggest the ship was British, so this Nora is the most likely. A further complication is that the Admiralty record shows that on 7th August Virginian had reported sending two ships, the Swedish steamer Vollrath Than and the Swarva, both with cargoes of iron ore. The owner of the Vollrath Than agreed to sell the cargo “to England” and it was put to the Prize Court. As there is no mention of these events in the log, it is possible that the Admiralty record has identified the wrong AMC. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 221.]


4caf8c77cadfd341970365e7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-007_0.jpg)


8 August 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.6, Long 8.7

[Wind mainly NNE force 3-5; sea slight; mainly overcast with some broken cloud and showers; air temperature average 54°F; sea average 54°F]

0.15am: straight course N69°E.

1.40am: course N69°E, zigzagging.

9.00am: course S11°W, zigzagging.

9.45am: divisions and Captain’s Inspection.

11.15am: cast lead in 80 fathoms sand and shells.

Noon: cast lead in 87 fathoms sand and stones.

1.45pm: Halten Lighthouse bore S19°W 20 miles.

2.25pm: stop; put one armed guard on ST Rushcoe.

2.20pm: proceeded N78°W, zigzagging.

10.10pm: straight course N47°E.

Distance run 280 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365e8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-007_1.jpg)


9 August 1915

At patrol.

Lat 67.4, Long 12.8

[Wind mainly NE force 5-1; sea slight; mainly overcast with some broken cloud; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 54°F]

1.00am: course N47°E, zigzagging.

10.55am: Skomvaer Lighthouse abeam 8 miles.

1.47pm: straight course N60°E.

3.10pm: stop; met trawler Newland.

3.40pm: sighted: Flado [sic: Flatoy?] Lighthouse bore N75°E; Port Gun Watch closed up.

4.00pm: Starboard Gun Watch closed up.

5.08pm: straight course S70°W.

5.50pm: cleared for action; gunboat in sight.

6.10pm: stop; visted by officer from Norwegian gunboat Juarez.*

6.23pm: proceeded S60°W full speed, zigzagging.

10.00pm: reduced speed to 13 knots; restarted colour watches.

Distance run 18 miles.


*[Note: the reason for the visit of the Norwegian patrol vessel was to inform the Captain of Virginian that HMS India had been torpedoed and sunk at position 67°24’N,13°44’E at 6.30pm on Sunday, 8th August 1915. At 3,00pm on 8th August Virginian had been told to pass the message to HMS India that a German Auxiliary Cruiser had sailed from Heligoland Bight on August 6th, perhaps with the intention of mining the White Sea. This message was never delivered and Virginian called India many times without receiving a reply. The Norwegians had searched the area but there was no trace of India. She was sunk by U-22. There were 166 casualties but some survivors, who were detained in Norway for the rest of the war. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 223-4, and for a full report by the surviving Captain and other officers, see pages 248-254.]


4caf8c77cadfd341970365e9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-008_0.jpg)


10 August 1915

At patrol [heading back towards the Shetland Islands]

Lat 65.1, Long 6.0

[Wind mainly ENE force 2-3; sea smooth; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 51°F; sea average 54°F]

1.30am: altered course to N74°W, zigzagging.

7.25am: altered course to W. zigzagging.

6.20pm: altered course to S75°E, zigzagging.

8.48pm: altered course to S26°E, zigzagging.

Distance run 326 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365ea: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-008_1.jpg)


11 August 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.8, Long 4.9

[Wind mainly ENE force 3-5; sea slight; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 52°F; sea average 53°F]

[Base courses S26°E and N45°W with zigzagging]

6.00am: signalled British SS Waterville on passage from Middlesborough to Onegin [St Petersburg] in ballast.

7.00am: morning watch clean guns.

10.00am: boys to field training, stokers to small arms drill.

2.30pm: signalled British SS Withernsea on passage from Blythe to Archangel.

3.57pm: signalled British SS Saxon on passage from Blythe to Archangel with coal.

5.24pm: altered course to N24°W, zigzagging 8 points either side.

Number on sick list: 2

Coal remaining 706 tons.

Distance run 323 miles.

4caf8c77cadfd341970365eb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-009_0.jpg)


12 August 1915

At Busta Voe.*

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind mainly SE force 5-1; sea slight; mainly overcast with mist then broken cloud; air temperature 56-62°F; sea average 57°F]

0.35am: straight course S19°W.

[Soundings in fathoms: 1.30, 2.00 and 2.30am: 100, 3.00am: 120 shells, 3.30am: 60 sand, 4.00am: 65 rock, 4.30am: 85 rock, 5.00am: 50 rock, 5.30am: 55 sand.]

6.00am: dead slow and courses to Commander’s orders.

6.40am: passed boom defence.

7.40am: let go port anchor; same parted.

7.43am: let go starboard anchor to swing side to side.

8.04am: hove up same.

8.10am: proceeded to No 3 berth.

8.20am: stop and let go starboard anchor in 17 fathoms; veered cable to 60 fathoms.

8.35am: rung off engines.

9.25am: colliers came alongside No. 3 hatch.

9.30am: started coaling ship.

10.30am:125 RNR stokers came aboard to assist ship’s party.

2.00pm: boat from HMS Ambrose alongside for stores.

3.00pm: relief party of RNR stokers landed.

3.30pm: Doctor from Ambrose brought one patient aboard for conveyance to Liverpool.

10.00pm: ceased work for the night.

Distance run 223 miles.


*[Note: throughout the spring and summer of 1915 Admiral de Chair had been looking for a base nearer to the patrol grounds. Liverpool was felt to be vulnerable to submarine attack, and the high fuel consumption of the AMCs was also a concern. West Loch Roag in the west of Scotland was considered, but was rejected on grounds of security and water supply. Busta Voe, in the western part of the Shetlands, had been a supporting coaling base since the beginning of the war, and was built up during 1915. It had good anchorage for 9 ships, good security, including anti-submarine nets, and a good water supply. Ships could supplement their coal stocks with about 1000 tons per visit. In this instance Virginian took about 300 tons.]


[Editor’s note: there is no log for 13th August 1915]


4caf8c77cadfd341970365ec: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-009_1.jpg)


14 August 1915

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind E backing to NNE force 2; mainly overcast with mist; air temperature average 59°F]

5.30am: Red Watch resumed coaling.

7.30am: finished coaling.

10.00am: party engaged in forenoon getting spare anchor on deck.

2.45pm: prize crew from Alastian aboard.

5.50pm: signalled following information to Rear Admiral [de Chair]: “Location of Virginian’s anchor: horizontal

angle at buoy between Busta House foreshore and Burgastoo Islet 65°51' bearing 296°. Vertical angle of Burgastoo Islet at buoy 0°32'30'' bearing 230°.”

7.30pm: hove short.

8.00pm: weighed anchor; tug Flying Breeze in attendance.

8.10pm: let go tug; proceeded outward.

8.35pm: passed boom defence; full speed.

8.40pm: Muckle Roe Light abeam 1½ miles.

8.50pm: set course N33°W, zigzagging.

9.25pm: set straight course N10°W.

Coal remaining 1054 tons.

4caf8c77cadfd341970365ed: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-010_0.jpg)


15 August 1915


At sea: Busta Voe to Liverpool via rendezvous at 63°00’N,5°00’W.

Lat 62.8, Long -6.1

[Wind NNE veering to SSE force 3; sea slight; overcast with thick fog; air temperature average 53°F; sea average 52°F]

[Base courses NW then SW with some zigzagging]

3.00am: started zigzagging.

6.22am: reduced speed; slow in thick fog.

6.30am: fog clearing; full speed.

9.25am: challenged Alsatian.

9.40am: course NNE to follow Alsatian.

9.45am: stop for Alsatian's boat.

10.08am: proceeded; straight course S84°W; full speed.

Noon: obs. Sun obscured.

[Soundings (selection in fathoms): 1.30pm: 85 sand, 3.30pm: 58 sand and shells, 5.00pm: 54 sand and shells, 6.30pm: 120.]

6.35pm: altered course to S42°W straight course.

Distance run 229 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365ee: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-010_1.jpg)


16 August 1915

At sea, Busta Voe to Liverpool.

Lat 57.6, Long -9.9

[Wind ESE backing to NE force 2-4; sea slight; overcast early then broken cloud; air temperature average 59°F; sea average 57°F]

[Base course S22°W, zigzagging and straight]

10.00am: boys to gun drill; midshipmen to Dumaresq range clock practice.*

4.40pm: altered course to S45°E straight course.

5.00pm: altered course to S45°E zigzagging.

7.00pm: sounded in 90 fathoms sand.

8.35pm: course S48°E zigzagging.

9.20pm: straight course S48°E.

11.28pm: Inishtrahull Lighthouse S10°W; altered course to S56°E.

11.35pm: Inishtrahull Lighthouse abeam.

Distance run 370 miles.


*[Note: The Dumaresq was a mechanical calculating device invented around 1902 by Lieutenant John Dumaresq of the Royal Navy. It was an analogue computer which relates vital variables of the fire control problem to the movement of one's own ship and that of a target ship. It was often used with other devices, such as a Vickers range clock to generate range and deflection data so the gun sights of the ship could be continuously set.]


4caf8c77cadfd341970365ef: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-011_0.jpg)


17 August 1915

At sea, Busta Voe to Liverpool.

Lat 54.2, Long -4.9

[Wind ENE force 3-5; sea slight; overcast with mist and fog; air temperature 52-65°F; sea average 57°F]

0.40am: Oversay Light abeam 4 miles; course SE.

1.34am: Otter Rock Light Vessel abeam 4 miles.

1.42am: courses various to Commander’s orders.

2.38am: Mull of Cantyre Light abeam 1¼ miles.

4.25am: course S zigzagging.

8.35am: rounded Chickens Lighthouse 2½ miles.

8.43am: Chickens Lighthouse bearing NE 2½ miles; course S46°E zigzagging.

9.45am: allowed 3° up for tide.

9.50am: hands employed getting up gear for docking.

11.30am: sounding: 22 fathoms sand and shells.

Noon: sounding: 21 fathoms sand and shells.

12.45pm: sounding: 10 fathoms sand.

1.38pm: stop.

1.40pm: slow ahead; continuous sounding.

2.00pm: tender Bison sighted with pilot.

2.05pm: pilot Tranter aboard.

2.28pm: Formby Light Vessel abeam.

3.05pm: passed Rock Light; proceeded to dock entrance.

4.00pm: entered Canada Basin.

4.05pm: tied up in locks.

4.30pm: hauled through to Canada tongue berth and made fast.

5.20pm: rang off main engines.

6.00pm: piped leave.

Coal remaining 558 tons.

Distance run 317½ miles.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365f0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-011_1.jpg)


18 August 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dry Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind “light airs”; broken cloud and cloudless; air temperature 56-67°F]

5.30am: pilot Tranter boarded.

6.00am: cast off from tongue berth and proceeded into Canada Dry Dock; tugs Otter and Trafalgar in attendance.

7.20pm: entered dry dock.

10.10am: armed guards returned.

10.50am: landed patient from Ambrose.

1.00pm: piped leave for party.

1.15pm: duty party employed ranging cable in dry dock; sick bay gear ashore for disinfection.

4.00, 5.00 and 6.00pm: piped leave for party.

8.30pm: new Doctor joined ship.

11.30pm: liberty men returned.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365f1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-012_0.jpg)


19 August 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dry Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly W force 1-2; broken cloud; air temperature 59-64°F]

6.00am: hands employed with cable at bottom ofr dry dock.

9.00am: parties employed painting funnel and taking in stores.

11.00am: sick bay bedding returned from being fumigated.

8.00pm: 11 ratings joined ship.

10.00pm: shore gang working on rudder.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365f2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-012_1.jpg)


20 August 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dry Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly W and NW force 2; broken cloud; air temperature 62°F]

6.15am: hands employed stowing port cable, chipping and painting.

6.30am: rudder unshipped.

9.00am: party embarking provisions.

7.50pm: 3 boys arrived from HMS Victory.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365f3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-013_0.jpg)


21 August 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dry Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly W and NW force 3; broken cloud; air temperature 59-62°F]

6.15am: hands employed scaling lifeboats.

4.00, 5.00 and 6.00pm: piped leave for party.

11.30pm: liberty men returned.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365f4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-013_1.jpg)


22 August 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dry Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly WSW force 2; overcast; air temperature 59-62°F]

8.30am: RC church party left ship.

10.00am: same returned and C of E party left for HMS Alsatian.

11.45am: C of E party returned.

12.45pm: piped leave for party.

11.30pm: liberty men returned.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365f5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-014_0.jpg)


23 August 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dry Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly WSW and NW force 2-3; broken cloud; air temperature 60-67°F]

1.45pm: 3 Ordinary Seamen left ship for RN Barracks.

4.00pm: fitted on starboard propeller.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365f6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-014_1.jpg)


24 August 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dry Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly WSW force 2-3; broken cloud; air temperature 57-70°F]

9.00am: stewards’ party embarking stores.

3.00pm and 4.00pm: Assistant Engineers McLaren and Logan joined ship.

8.00pm: rudder being shipped.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365f7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-015_0.jpg)


25 August 1915


At Liverpool, in Canada Dry Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly WSW force 2; overcast; air temperature average 60°F]

7.00am: rudder being shipped.

9.00am: dry dock flooded.

10.00am: stations and shifted ship to Canada Dock SE berth.

11.30am: all fast.

4.00pm: Port Watch returned from long leave.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365f8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-015_1.jpg)


26 August 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dry Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NW force 2-3; broken cloud; air temperature average 60°F]

3.00pm: commenced testing stability of ship.

7.00pm: finished testing stability.

10.50pm: sick man taken to hospital.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365f9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-016_0.jpg)


27 August 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NW force 2-3; broken cloud and overcast; air temperature average 61°F]

8.00am: commenced coaling in No.3 hatch and side pocket.

1.00pm: medical inspection.

2.00pm: piped leave for Starboard Watch and 2nd part of Port Watch; remainder chipping and painting.

3.00pm: flooding arrangements for magazines tested and found correct.

6.00pm: prize crew for Arlanza joined ship.

7.45pm: Gunner HE Friend RMR joined ship.

8.55pm: stopped coaling for the night.

4caf8c77cadfd341970365fa: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-016_1.jpg)


28 August 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly N force 2-3; broken cloud and overcast; air temperature average 62°F]

9.00am: Armourer’s crew from shore working aboard.

4.00pm: finished coaling for the day.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365fb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-017_0.jpg)


29 August 1915


At Liverpool, in Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly ENE and NW force 2; overcast; air temperature 47-60°F]

6.30am: RC church party left ship for Alsatian.

9.00am: RC party returned.

9.50am: C of E party left for Alsatian.

11.40am: C of E party returned.

2.30pm: injured shore engineer handed over to ambulance.

4.00pm: finished coaling for the night.

11.30pm: liberty men returned.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365fc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-017_1.jpg)


30 August 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NW and W force 3-6; broken cloud and overcast; air temperature average 54°F]

7.30am: resumed coaling.

10.30am: 3 armourers signed on.

3.00pm: received on board mails for Arlanza and Victorian.

3.45pm: broken link from cable sent ashore to Canada Dock Depot for Admiralty.

6.00pm: continued coaling through the night.


4caf8c77cadfd341970365fd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-018_0.jpg)


31 August 1915

At Liverpool [and en route to patrol ground]

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SW force 2-4; broken cloud and overcast with showers; air temperature average 56°F]

9.00am: Gunner Bristowe RMA discharged to Eastney Barracks.

10.30am: pilot Harrison aboard.

10.45am: hands to stations; singled up.

11.12am: cast off; CPR [ie Canadian Pacific Co.] tugs in attendance.

11.50am: entered Huskisson Dock.

12.30pm: made fast in Sandon Basin.

2.00pm: 2 ERAs discharged to barracks.

2.30pm: unmoored.

2.50pm: entered river:

3.15pm: let go starboard anchor; veered cable to 45 fathoms.

3.20pm: rung off and standby.

4.00pm: swung out boats.

Anchor bearings: Rock Lighthouse N47°W, North Wall N20°E, ship’s head S5°E.

6.00pm: darkened ship and closed watertight doors.

10.50pm: weighed anchor.

11.00pm: proceeded outwards.

11.05pm: passed Rock Light Vessel.

0.00am: discharged pilot at Bar Light Vessel.


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4caf8c77cadfd34197036604: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67706/ADM 53-67706-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR SEPTEMBER 1915


4caf8c77cadfd34197036605: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c77cadfd34197036606: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-001_1.jpg)

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4caf8c77cadfd34197036608: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c77cadfd34197036609: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c77cadfd3419703660a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-003_1.jpg)


1 September 1915

At sea [en route to patrol ground]

Lat 54.6, Long -5.2

[Wind NW and NE force 3-5; sea slight; mainly overcast; air temperature average 55°F; sea average 54°F]

0.20am: passed Bar Light Vessel; set course N50°W, zigzagging.

1.20am: Great Ormes Head abeam.

1.55am: stop; main coagulating pump broke down.

2.05am: pump repaired; proceeded.

3.00am: altered course to N47°W.

5.15am: Chickens Light abeam (S85°E) 3½ miles; altered course to N5°E zigzagging.

9.50am: Maidens Light abeam.

11.00am: altered course to N2°W straight course.

11.10am: altered course various through Rathlin Channel.

Noon: altered course to N38°W zigzagging.

2.32pm: Inishtrahull Lighthouse abeam 10 miles.

7.30pm: sounded: 63 fathoms sand and shells.

8.30pm: sounded: 100 fathoms sand and shells.

8.37pm: straight course N8°E.

10.50pm: sighted lights bearing N17°E.

11.45pm: stop to board Danish motor ship bound S from Stornoway to Genoa.

Distance run 182 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd3419703660b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-004_0.jpg)


2 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.3, Long -10.9

[Wind NNE and NE force 3-5; sea slight to moderate; mainly overcast with showers; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 52°F]

0.25am: boarding boat returned; straight course N8°E.

10.50am: course N10°W, zigzagging.

12.30pm: challenged Oropesa.

1.40pm: stop; sent boat to Alsatian*

2.00pm: boat returned; Arlanza's boat alongside; discharged prize crew and mails for same.

2.45pm: proceed on course N55°E, zigzagging, speed 13 knots.

5.00pm: evening quarters; returns of courts martial read to ship's company.

9.50pm: straight course N55°E.

Distance run 323 miles.

*[Note: at this meeting, Admiral de Chair ordered Virginian to return to “G” Patrol off the coast of Norway, where she would be supporting the armed trawlers. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 259.]


4caf8c77cadfd3419703660c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-004_1.jpg)


3 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.0, Long -6.0

[Wind NNE force 3-5; sea slight to moderate; mainly overcast with showers; air temperature average 49°F; sea average 49°F]

[Base course NE]

3.30am: sounded: 90 fathoms sand.

4.00am: sounded: 85 fathoms shells.

4.30am: straight course N69°E.

5.39am: Myggenaes Light [Faroes] abeam 10 miles.

9.30am: sounded: 72 fathoms shells.

10.00am: Midshipmen to Dumaresq [see above 16th August], boys to 4.7” gun drill, firemen to small arms; sounded: 100 fathoms.

1.00pm: hands fall in for payment.

6.30pm: altered course to N½E to intercept Norwegian SS Carlotta, bound from Christiania to Iceland with barrels of salt as cargo.

8.35pm: stopped and boarded.

8.45pm: proceeded, course S87°E.

Distance run 296 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd3419703660d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-005_0.jpg)


4 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.5, Long 3.7

[Wind mainly E force 2; sea slight; mainly overcast with some mist; air temperature average 48°F; sea average 49°F]

12.15pm: altered course to SW to intercept British steamer Almagro on passage from London to Archangel with general cargo.

1.20pm: proceeded on course N79°E.

5.40pm: sighted and challenged HMS Hildebrand.

6.05pm: stop; discharged doctor for Victorian and 1 armed guard for Teutonic to Hildebrand.

6.40pm: set course N26°W.

11.30pm: sounded: 80 fathoms sand.

Distance run 315 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd3419703660e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-005_1.jpg)


5 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 65.5, Long 6.0

[Wind mainly NE force 2; sea slight; mainly overcast with some broken cloud; air temperature average 48°F; sea average 49°F]

[Base courses N55°W and S58°E, with some zigzagging 33° to each side]

7.30am: sighted and challenged Hildebrand.

9.40am: altered course to N16°E to intercept steamer.

10.25am: stop and examined Norwegian trawler.

8.15pm: altered course to S50°W to intercept steamer.

8.30pm: resumed course N86°W; steamer proved to be the same as one boarded by Hildebrand.*

9.30pm: stop; HMT Tenby Castle arrived alongside; discharged 2 armed guards and 1 ERA to same.

10.55pm: proceeded.

Distance run 303 miles.


*[Note: the ship was the Danish SS Uranienborg on passage from Rotterdam to Salten Fjord. See

HMS Hildebrand]


4caf8c77cadfd3419703660f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-006_0.jpg)


6 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 65.0, Long 7.2

[Wind NNE veering to SSW force 2; sea slight; mainly overcast; air temperature average 49°F; sea average 49°F]

3.20am: course N75°W, zigzagging.

7.40am: course S57°E, zigzagging.

12.40pm: stop and boarded Norwegian SS Nord with a cargo of timber for Cardiff; allowed to proceed.

8.00pm: course S78°E, zigzagging.

Distance run 288 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd34197036610: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-006_1.jpg)


7 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.8, Long 5.2

[Wind calm; sea smooth; mainly mist and fog; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 49°F]

0.25am: course S14°E, zigzagging.

10.00am: marines and topmen at rifle drill, midshipmen at control, boys at seamanship.

Noon: obs. Sun obscured.

1.30pm: slow and straight course N68°E.

10.05pm: altered course to S58°E.

Number on sick list: 1.

Distance run 316 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd34197036611: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-007_0.jpg)


8 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.7, Long 5.4

[Wind SSW calm; sea smooth; mainly mist and fog; air temperature average 51°F; sea average 50°F]

2.35am: course N38°W.

7.43am: course S18°W, zigzagging.

9.30am: target practice.

9.45am: same abandoned; target overturned.

5.50pm: darkened ship; sounded: 130 fathoms black stones.

6.00pm and 6.30pm: sounded: 120 fathoms.

0.00am: straight course S55°W.

Distance run 297 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd34197036612: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-007_1.jpg)


9 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 65.0, Long 4.1

[Wind SW force 2-4; sea smooth; fog; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 50°F]

1.00am: thick fog; slow.

3.55am: course N55°W, zigzagging.

8.53am: thick fog; slow.

10.10am: course S77°E, zigzagging; boys at torpedo instruction.

Noon: obs. Sun obscured.

9.30pm: altered course to N74°W, zigzagging.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 297 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd34197036613: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-008_0.jpg)


10 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.5, Long 7.8

[Wind SW and W force 2-4; sea smooth; overcast with mist and fog; air temperature average 51°F; sea average 51°F]

2.00am: course N16°E, zigzagging.

5.05am: course S41°E, zigzagging.

[Soundings (selection in fathoms): 10.30 and 11.00am: 150, 11.30am and noon: 120, 1.30pm: 130 sand and shells, 3.30pm: 115 stones, 5.00pm: 150 stones]

3.08pm: straight course N13°E.

6.00pm: course N76°W, zigzagging.


4caf8c77cadfd34197036614: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-008_1.jpg)


11 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.2, Long 7.1

[Wind NW and W force 2-3; sea smooth; overcast with mist and fog; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 50°F]

1.10am: course S14°W, zigzagging.

8.00am: sounded: 100 fathoms sand.

8.25am: course N14°E, zigzagging.

Noon: stop; obs. Sun obscured; sounded in 225 fathoms clay.

3.23pm: sounded: 80 fathoms sand and shells.

6.35pm: observed trawlers; slow.

7.05pm: boarding boat away to Newland and Tenby Castle to exchange armed guards.

9.38pm: proceeded on course N74°W, zigzagging at 13 knots.

Distance run 331 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd34197036615: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-009_0.jpg)


12 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.4, Long 6.1

[Wind NW SW and W force 2; sea smooth; overcast with mist and fog; air temperature average 48°F; sea average 49°F]

[Base courses N74°W and S78°E mainly zigzagging]

8.35am: stop; sent boat to Tenby Castle.

9.00am: proceeded N76°W zigzagging.

9.45am: divisions and Captain’s inspection.

12.45pm: courses various to intercept British SS Louvain [possibly?] on passage from Archangel to Grimsby with timber cargo.

1.20pm: allowed vessel to proceed.

3.25pm: slow; dense fog.

9.30pm: altered course to S17°W zigzagging.

Distance run 288 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd34197036616: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-009_1.jpg)


13 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 65.1, Long 2.4

[Wind mainly NE force 2-4; sea slight; overcast with mist; air temperature average 46°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses N28°W and S76°E mainly zigzagging]

9.30am: target practice.

Noon: obs. Sun obscured.

4.40pm: course S14°W zigzagging.

11.00pm: course N25°W.

Distance run 295 miles.

4caf8c77cadfd34197036617: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-010_0.jpg)


14 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 65.2, Long 2.2

[Wind mainly N and NE force 2-1; sea slight to smooth; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 45°F; sea average 48°F (readings am only)]

[Base courses N25°W and S76°E mainly zigzagging]

9.30am: battle practice with large target and practice projectiles.

11.30am: picked up target; set straight course S16°W speed 13 knots.

12.15pm: same course but zigzagging.

Number on sick list: 4.

Distance run 299 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd34197036618: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-010_1.jpg)


15 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.2, Long 3.4

[Wind mainly N force 2-0; sea slight to smooth; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 43°F; sea average 47°F]

[Base courses S51°W, N16°E and S67°E mainly zigzagging]

Distance run 330 miles.

4caf8c77cadfd34197036619: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-011_0.jpg)


16 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.2, Long 2.1

[Wind variable mainly N force 2-0; sea slight to smooth; mainly overcast ; air temperature average 43°F; sea average 47°F]

5.15am: course S15°W zigzagging.

7.30am: stopped: rendezvous with Cedric and Tenby Castle; prize crew returned from latter and confidential paper handed to former.

7.50am: proceeded on straight course N72°W.

3.20pm: altered course to W to intercept Norwegian steamer Varo [sic: possibly Varg]

5.00pm: steamer allowed to proceed.

8.00pm: course N88°W.

Distance run 310½ miles.


4caf8c77cadfd3419703661a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-011_1.jpg)


17 September 1915


At patrol [coming back from Norway to the Faroes]

Lat 62.6, Long -8.1

[Wind N veering to ENE force 3; sea slight; mainly broken cloud ; air temperature average 43°F; sea average 47°F]

2.30am: exercised Gunners’ alarm.

9.52am: altered course various to meet Victorian; received 1 armed guard from same.

11.00am: proceeded course S85°W.

Noon: Myggenaes Light S23°E 34 miles.

3.45pm: challenged Alsatian.

4.15pm: stop; picked up Alsatian’s boat.*

4.20pm: proceeded on course S88°W.

5.24pm: slow; rendezvous with Hilary; discharged armed guard to same.

5.50pm: course S22°W.

Distance run 302 miles.


*[Note: at this meeting with Admiral de Chair, Virginian’s Captain reported that his ship had been unable to capture any southbound ships outside Norwegian territorial waters as in thick weather they anchored within the limits, and when it was clear they they took the inshore passage. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 268.]


4caf8c77cadfd3419703661b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-012_0.jpg)


18 September 1915

At sea en route to Liverpool.

Lat 57.5, Long -10.3

[Wind N veering to ENE force 3; sea slight; mainly broken cloud ; air temperature average 43°F; sea average 47°F]

[Base courses S22-23°W, S60°E straight courses]

1.40am: allowed 2° for leeway.

6.00pm: sounded: 130 fathoms; line of soundings every half hour; 130 fathoms.

10.00pm: sounded: 80 fathoms sand.

Distance run 340 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd3419703661c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-012_1.jpg)


19 September 1915

At sea en route to Liverpool.

Lat 57.5, Long -10.3

[Wind SE force 5-6; sea moderate; mainly overcast with some mist ; air temperature average 60°F; sea average 58°F]

Soundings: 0.56am: 50 fathoms stones, 1.30am: 39 fathoms stones, 2.00am: 35 fathoms stones.

3.04am: Inishtrahull Light bearing S50°W abeam 10 miles.

5.15am: altered course to various proceeding through Rathlin Channel.

6.20am: course S25°E; Torr Point abeam.

7.30am: course S13°E.

7.37am: Maidens abeam.

11.20am: Chickens Light S13°E.

11.47am: altered course to S46°E zigzagging.

11.48am: Chickens Light abeam 1½ miles.

4.00pm: passed Bar Light Vessel; piIot Tranter boarded.

4.23pm: passed Formby Light Vessel.

4.45pm: passed Rock Light Vessel.

5.30pm: stop and let go starboard anchor; veered cable to 45 fathoms; rang off and standby.

6.15pm: hove up anchor and proceeded to Canada Dock entrance.

6.45pm: entered same and tied up in locks.

7.40pm: hauled through to dock.

8.10pm: arrived at berth and made fast.

9.30pm: all fast; rang off engines; leave party left ship.

11.30pm: party returned.

Number on sick list: 5.

Distance run 367 miles.

4caf8c77cadfd3419703661d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-013_0.jpg)


20 September 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NE veering to SE force 2; broken cloud; air temperature 56-65°F]

7.00am: commenced coaling.

[leave parties 1.00pm to 11.30pm]

9.00pm: stopped coaling for the night.


4caf8c77cadfd3419703661e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-013_1.jpg)


21 September 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SE force 2; broken cloud; air temperature 56-63°F]

7.15am: resumed coaling.

9.00pm: stopped coaling for the night.


4caf8c77cadfd3419703661f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-014_0.jpg)


22 September 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; broken cloud; air temperature 57-62°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling.

7.15am: Boy Cannon left for Haslar Hospital.

12.30pm: long leave piped for 2nd part Starboard Watch.

9.00pm: stopped coaling for the night.


4caf8c77cadfd34197036620: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-014_1.jpg)


23 September 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind S force 2; broken cloud and overcast; air temperature 58-66°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling.

7.15am: 2nd part Starboard Watch proceeded on long leave.

9.00pm: stopped coaling for the night.


4caf8c77cadfd34197036621: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-015_0.jpg)


24 September 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SE force 2; overcast; air temperature average 60°F]

7.30am: resumed coaling.

5.20pm: 4 boys to Mission.

9.00pm: stopped coaling for the night; all coal aboard.


4caf8c77cadfd34197036622: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-015_1.jpg)


25 September 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind W force 2; broken cloud; air temperature 52-72°F]

2.30pm: hauled across dock.

3.30pm: read Warrant No. 29 and discharged 2 RNVR ratings.

8.15pm: HA Morris Boy 1st Class joined ship from Portsmouth.

11.00pm: J Plummer Stoker RNR joined ship from Eagle.


4caf8c77cadfd34197036623: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-016_0.jpg)


26 September 1915

At Liverpool, in Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind W force 3; broken cloud; air temperature average 52°F]

8.30am: RC church party to St Albans [RC church in Liverpool]

8.45am: 3 seamen RNR and 1 marine joined ship from Portsmouth.


4caf8c77cadfd34197036624: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-016_1.jpg)


27 September 1915

At Liverpool and at sea [en route to patrol ground]

Lat 54.0, Long -4.9

[Wind W then N force 3-5; cloud and broken cloud; air temperature average 54°F]

9.00am: 2 Artificers RNR left for RNB.

9.30am: singled in moorings.

10.45am: left Canada Dock.

11.50am: in Sandon Basin.

12.15pm: left Sandon Basin.

12.35pm: entered river; course and speed to pilot’s orders.

1.55pm: Rock Light abeam.

2.45pm: Formby Light Vessel abeam; discharged pilot; full speed.

3.04pm: Bar Light Ship abeam; course N45°W.

3.10pm: commenced zigzagging, 33° every 10 minutes.

7.30pm: altered course to N48°W.

7.55pm: altered course to N5°E; Chickens Light abeam 5½ miles.

10.55pm: Mull of Galloway abeam 10 miles.

Coal remaining 3237 tons.


4caf8c77cadfd34197036625: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-017_0.jpg)


28 September 1915

At sea [en route to patrol ground]

Lat 56.0, Long -9.0

[Wind N and NE force 3-5; sea slight; broken cloud with showers; air temperature average 49°F; sea average 52°F]

0.07am: Killantringan Light abeam 3 miles.

0.40am: Corsewall Point Light abeam.

1.30am: altered course to NNW.

2.09am: Sanda Light abeam.

2.40am: Mull of Cantyre abeam.

4.45am: Oversay Light abeam 5 miles; commenced zigzagging 33° every 10 minutes.

Noon: zigzagging 22° every 10 minutes.

4.30pm: altered course to N.

5.00pm: evening quarters; Captain read Court Martial [Returns] to ship’s company.

10.00pm: straight course N2°W.

Distance run 291 miles.


4caf8c77cadfd34197036626: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-017_1.jpg)


29 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.4, Long -13.8*

[Wind NNE force 6-3; sea moderate; broken cloud with showers; air temperature average 48°F; sea average 49°F]

6.06am: altered course to N55°W to intercept steamer.

7.30am: stopped; boarding boat away.

8.10am: boarding boat returned; set course N6°E.

10.42am: altered course to N40°W to close with steamer.

11.25am: stop.

11.30am: away boarding boat to British SS Cheviot Range.

11.55am: boarding boat returned with pilot from steamer.

Noon: set straight course N15°E, speed 10 knots.

5.45pm: hands darken ship.

9.05pm: course N28°E.

Distance run 283 miles.


*[Note: Virginian is now on “A” Patrol, north of the Faroes.]


4caf8c78cadfd34197036627: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-018_0.jpg)


30 September 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.3, Long -14.8*

[Wind variable NNE and SE and S force 2-3; sea slight; broken cloud with showers; air temperature average 49°F; sea average 49°F]

5.55am: straight course S66°E.

8.28am: signalled HMS Alastian.

8.41am: stopped.

9.45am: boarding boat away to Alsatian.

10.05am: boarding boat returned.

10.15am: full speed, course N53°W [ie to “A” Patrol ground]

11.00am: altered course to N87°W to intercept trawler.

11.30am: stopped to board British trawler Braconmoor; allowed to proceed.

12.03pm: proceeded at 10 knots straight course N53°W.

1.50pm: altered course to S33°W; examined trawler Martinitia [sic: possibly Martineta GY 505]

2.00pm: set course N53°W.

Distance run 228 miles.


*[Note: Virginian has now moved to “F” Patrol, south of Iceland]


4caf8c78cadfd34197036628: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-018_1.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd34197036629: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd3419703662a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd3419703662b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd3419703662c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd3419703662d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd3419703662e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67707/ADM 53-67707-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR OCTOBER 1915


4caf8c78cadfd3419703662f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd34197036630: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd34197036631: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd34197036632: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd34197036633: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c78cadfd34197036634: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-003_1.jpg)


1 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.6, Long -22.4

[Wind SSE force 6-7; sea rough; cloud with squalls and showers; air temperature average 47°F; sea average 49°F]

4.30am: gun crews’ supply party closed up for exercise.

8.20am: course N56°W, zigzagging 20° each side.

2.00pm: straight course N51°W, 13 knots; all guns secured; gun crews of White Watch standing by in shelters.

[8.00pm exercise repeated for Red Watch]

11.00pm: log failed.

11.10pm: log clean.

Distance run 222 miles.


4caf8c78cadfd34197036635: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-004_0.jpg)


2 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.8, Long -29.5

[Wind SW force 5; sea slight to moderate; broken cloud with squalls and showers; air temperature average 49°F; sea average 49°F]

[Base courses N47°W, N43°W, S55°E, no zigzagging]*

[The day was spent exercising and cleaning the ship]

Number on sick list: nil.

Distance run 215½ miles.


*[Note: Virginian is far out into the Atlantic to the west of Iceland; at that time thought to be beyond the reach of U-boats.]


4caf8c78cadfd34197036636: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-004_1.jpg)


3 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.0, Long -25.2

[Wind SW force 4-5, NE later; sea slight to moderate; broken cloud with squalls and showers later; air temperature average 47°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses N51°W, S55°E, no zigzagging]

[The day was spent exercising]

Distance run 212 miles.


4caf8c78cadfd34197036637: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-005_0.jpg)


4 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.8, Long -25.6

[Wind variable NW force 4-5, E later; sea slight to moderate; overcast with mist and rain; air temperature average 47°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses N51°W, S56°E, no zigzagging]

2.10am: altered course to S50°E straight course.

7.30am: altered course to straight course S56°E.

8.00pm: sounding: 120 fathoms no bottom.

[The day was spent exercising gun crews and painting the ship]

Distance run 239 miles.


4caf8c78cadfd34197036638: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-005_1.jpg)


5 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.4, Long -15.7

[Wind S force 6 and SSE force 4-5; sea moderate; overcast with mist; air temperature average 52°F; sea average 50°F]

[Base courses S56°E and various, no zigzagging]

3.05pm: Captain’s dog overboard; swung ship to starboard; engines as requisite; boarding boat away.

3.30pm: boarding boat returned [no mention of the fate of the dog; presumed saved by swift Navy action]

3.35pm: set course N37°E, speed 10 knots.

Distance run 267½ miles.

4caf8c78cadfd34197036639: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-006_0.jpg)


6 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.0, Long -15.4

[Wind mainly S force 4; sea slight to moderate; overcast with mist; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 49°F]

[Base courses S8-11°W and N8°E, no zigzagging]

[Soundings: 9.25am: 83 fathoms black stones, 10.25am: 62 fathoms sand and gravel, 3.10pm and 5.40pm: 130 fathoms no bottom.]

Coal remaining 2180 tons.

Distance run 202 miles.

4caf8c78cadfd3419703663a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-006_1.jpg)


7 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.7, Long -14.5

[Wind mainly SSE force 3-5; sea slight to moderate; overcast with mist; air temperature average 48°F; sea average 47°F]

[Base courses S8°W and N10°E, no zigzagging]

[Soundings (selection in fathoms): 9.30am: 67 sand, 1.20pm: 95 sand, 2.05pm: 60 sand and 2.25pm: 60 gravel.]

6.00pm: set course S48°W straight course.

Distance run 219 miles.


4caf8c78cadfd3419703663b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-007_0.jpg)


8 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.8, Long -15.2

[Wind mainly SSE force 7 reducing later; sea moderate; overcast with mist and drizzle; air temperature average 48°F; sea average 47°F]

[Base courses S7°W and N8°E, no zigzagging]

[Soundings (selection): 10.30am: 70 fathoms sand, 11.50am: 64 fathoms sand, 4.00pm: 78 fathoms sand, 4.45pm: 110 fathoms sand.]

[The day was spent exercising and cleaning the ship]

Distance run 134 miles.

4caf8c78cadfd3419703663c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-007_1.jpg)


9 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.1, Long -15.1

[Wind mainly WSW force 4; sea slight; cloudless then cloudy; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses S7°W and N8°E, no zigzagging]

11.05am: sounding: 78 fathoms sand.

3.20pm: boarded British trawler Virgilia.

3.45pm: resumed course and speed.

Distance run 168½ miles.


4caf8c78cadfd3419703663d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-008_0.jpg)


10 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.1, Long -15.1

[Wind mainly E force 2; sea slight; overcast and cloudy with rain; air temperature average 47°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses S7°W and N8°E, no zigzagging]

9.45am: divisions and Captain’s inspection.

Soundings: 6.07pm: 120 fathoms no bottom, 6.35pm: 58 fathoms sand.

[The day was spent exercising and cleaning the ship]

Distance run 197½ miles.


4caf8c78cadfd3419703663e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-008_1.jpg)


11 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.8, Long -15.0

[Wind SSW then S force 3 rising to 7; sea slight becoming moderate; overcast and cloudy with rain; air temperature average 48°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses S7°W and N8°E, no zigzagging]

5.50am: altered course to N87°W to close with vessel sighted.

6.39am: stopped to board Danish trawler; circling around trawler.

9.15am: trawler sent to Lerwick with armed guard.

9.25am: boarding boat returned; set course N8°E, speed 10 knots.

10.00am: midshipmen to signals, stokers to rifle drill, boys to mustering hammocks.

11.20am: sounding: 70 fathoms sand.

Distance run 178 miles.

4caf8c78cadfd3419703663f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-009_0.jpg)


12 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.0, Long -15.2

[Wind variable mainly S (SSW and SSE) force 7 reducing; sea rough becoming moderate; rain squalls; air temperature average 48°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses S7°W and N3-8°E, no zigzagging]

[Soundings (selection in fathoms): 9.05am: 130 no bottom, 10.45am: 98 sand, Noon: 67 gravel and shells, 4.00pm: 68 sand and gravel.]

6.05pm: altered course to N62°W.

Number on sick list: nil.

Distance run 149 miles.


4caf8c78cadfd34197036640: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-009_1.jpg)


13 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 64.0, Long -15.3

[Wind variable mainly S force 5 becoming SSE force 7; sea becoming rough; overcast with mist and rain squalls; air temperature average 47°F; sea average 47°F]

[Base courses S7°W and N8°E, no zigzagging]

[Soundings (selection in fathoms): 10.30am: 95 sand, 11.30am: 95 sand, 12.45pm: 80 sand, 2.00pm: 75 sand.]

12.10pm: speed dead slow.

12.15pm: altered course to N62°W.

12.30pm: sighted HMS Patia.

3.00pm: boarding boat away.

3.30pm: received on board armed guards for Ebro, Patuca and Mantua.

3.45pm: proceeded on course S49°E.

6.45pm: allowed 2° for leeway.

8.10pm: allowed 3° for leeway.

10.10pm: : allowed 4° for leeway.

Coal remaining 1521 tons.

Distance run 169 miles.

4caf8c78cadfd34197036641: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-010_0.jpg)


14 October 1915

At patrol [en route to the Shetlands]

Lat 62.8, Long -8.3

[Wind mainly SW force 7; sea rough; broken cloud with rain squalls; air temperature average 48°F; sea average 47°F]

[Base course SE , no zigzagging]

0.00am: course S49°E

1.00pm: 10° allowed for leeway.

2.30pm: Myling Head [Mykines Head?] abeam.

4.25pm: Fuglo Head abeam; altered course to S29°E, 2° allowed for leeway.

Distance run 204 miles.


4caf8c78cadfd34197036642: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-010_1.jpg)


15 October 1915

At Swarback Minns, Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind mainly SW force 6 reducing to force 1; sea moderate; broken cloud; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 48°F]

0.10am: straight course S29E, 2° for leeway.

Soundings: 4.25am: 73 fathoms gravel, 5.00am: 78 fathoms sand.

7.05am: Muckle Roe Lighthouse abeam.

7.10am: passed boom defence.

7.45am: anchored at base, port and starboard anchors, 45 fathoms cable, 15 fathoms water.

Draught on arriving: forward 23’2”, aft 27’6”.

8.30am: collier Barmoor alongside starboard side.

8.40am: collier Harlseywood alongside port side.

9.10am: commenced coaling; colliers’ coaling gear examined and found in good order.

10.00am: anchor bearings: church N53½°E, flagstaff N18°W.

11.00am: prize crews of Patuca and Ebro left.

2.45pm: prize crew returned.

7.00pm: ceased coaling for the day; total for this day 744 tons; hoisted boats and gangway; HMS Ebro left for sea.

Distance run 241½ miles.


4caf8c78cadfd34197036643: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-011_0.jpg)


16 October 1915

At Swarback Minns, Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind mainly S force 1; broken cloud and cloudless; air temperature average 50°F]

0.10am: HMS Ebro returned.

5.45am: commenced coaling.

7.00am: stokers from HMS Gibraltar arrived.*

7.15am: carpenters left ship for work on boom defence.

9.35am: finished coaling; 1018 tons; colliers left.

5.35pm: HMS Ebro left.

5.45pm: hands darken ship.

Coal remaining 2292 tons.


*[Note HMS Gibraltar had come out of reserve to act as a depot ship at Busta Voe.]


4caf8c78cadfd34197036644: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-011_1.jpg)


17 October 1915

At Swarback Minns, Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind mainly S force 2-4; overcast; air temperature average 46°F]

8.00am: HMS Oropesa arrived.

8.30am: duty boat left for mail.

9.05am: duty boat returned.

9.45am: divisions and Captain’s inspection.

10.45am: discharged armed guards of Mantua to Alcantara.

1.30pm: liberty for Port Watch until 5.30pm.

5.40pm: hands darken ship.

5.45pm: HMS Alcantara left port.


4caf8c78cadfd34197036645: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-012_0.jpg)


18 October 1915

At Swarback Minns, Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind mainly NW force 3;broken cloud and overcast; air temperature average 48°F]

8.45am: company of men ashore for route march.

9.45am: hove up port anchor.

11.50am: men returned from route march.

1.30pm: armed guards for Hilary and Digby arrived on board; RNVR men in boats for rowing exercise.

5.00pm: commenced to heave short.

5.35pm: made fast to tug Flying Breeze forward; anchor weighed.

5.45pm: let go tug; speed and course various.

6.05pm: passed boom defence; full speed.

6.10pm: Muckle Roe Light abeam; set course N26°W.

6.25pm: commenced zigzagging 33° each side every 5 then 10 minutes.


4caf8c78cadfd34197036646: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-012_1.jpg)


19 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long -6.8

[Wind N then SSW force 2-4; sea slight; cloudless then cloudy; air temperature average 49°F; sea average 48°F]

[Base courses S7°W and N8°E, no zigzagging]

0.30am: course N26°W, zigzagging 33° every 10 mins, then straight 10 mins.

6.20am: sounding: 83 fathoms sand.

8.50am: straight course N66°W.

9.50am: altered course to N72°W.

10.05am: full speed to intercept steamer.

10.30am: boarding boat away to Norwegian SS Pollux.

10.40am: circling around awaiting instructions.

12.55pm: stopped.

1.05pm: put armed guard on board SS Pollux.*

1.17pm: boading boat returned; set course N76°W, speed 12 knots.

2.40pm: Mykling [Mykines ?] Head abeam 6½ miles.

4.07pm: Myggenaes Light abeam 8 miles; altered course to S62°W.

4.35pm: reduced speed to slow; fog bank.

6.30 to 6.38pm: slow passing through fog bank.

11.25pm: passed HMS Otway.

Distance run 223 miles.


*[Note: this interception was to have significant consequences. SS Pollux was on passage from Reykjavik to Bergen via Thorshavn with general cargo, mails and 15 passengers for Thorshavn and 97 for Bergen, some of whom were considered to be suspicious. She was sent to Kirkwall and the officer in charge of the armed guard was directed to report the suspicious circumstances. This officer, Sub. Lieut. H. Stuart Knight, reported that he had heard that Swedish sailing ships were loading whale oil and wool for transhipment to Germany, and also that Danish and Swedish steamers were carrying cargoes of “herrings” which were in reality oil for Germany. In the event, the Pollux, actually a Dutch-registered ship, was not detained. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 289 and 301.]


4caf8c78cadfd34197036647: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-013_0.jpg)


20 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.4, Long -12.1

[Wind SE and ESE force 5-6; sea moderate; cloudy and overcast; air temperature average 50°F; sea average 50°F]

0.30am: straight course S62°W.

2.45am: allowed 3° up for leeway.

9.55am: altered course to S75°W; challenged HMS Digby.

10.23am: stopped.

10.35am: boat away to Digby with armed guard.

11.00am: full speed to leeward of Digby.

11.15am: boat returned.

11.20am: set course S9°W, speed 12 knots.

2.00pm: 3½° up for leeway.

3.20pm: sighted HMS Victorian.

6.30pm: altered course to N4°E.

Distance run 243 miles.

4caf8c78cadfd34197036648: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-013_1.jpg)


21 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 58.5, Long -11.8

[Wind SSE and S force 6-7; sea rough; overcast with mist, squalls later; air temperature average 49°F; sea average 50°F]

[Base courses S2°W and N4°E, no zigzagging]

2.45am: increased speed; half speed to close with steamer.

3.10am: fired 2 blanks from 6 pounder.

3.25am: slow to keep in sight of steamer till daylight.

5.20am: half speed and altered course to S50°W.

7.20am: exchanged signals with steamer, found to be Russian Graf Schuwalow on passage from Archangel to Norway with timber; allowed to proceed.

Number on sick list: 5.

Distance run 178 miles.


4caf8c78cadfd34197036649: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-014_0.jpg)


22 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 58.7, Long -11.8

[Wind S force 4-6; sea moderate; overcast with some squalls; air temperature average 51°F; sea average 51°F]

[Base courses S2°W and N4°E, some zigzagging]

9.50am: sighted HMS Columbella.

12.25 to 1.32pm: course S88°W and S88°E, alternating every 2 miles to keep station with Columbella.

3.05pm: stopped at rendezvous with Hilary; discharged armed guards.

4.00pm: boarding boat returned.

4.10pm: proceeded straight course W.

Distance run 156 miles.


4caf8c78cadfd3419703664a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-014_1.jpg)


23 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 58.9, Long -11.9

[Wind mainly WSW force 6 reducing; sea moderate reducing; overcast with some rain; air temperature average 51°F; sea average 51°F]

[Base courses S2°W and N4°E, some zigzagging]

[am and pm: hands scrubbing decks and cleaning ship]

10.45pm: commenced zigzagging, 33° each side every 10 minutes, speed 12 knots.

Distance run 75 miles.


4caf8c78cadfd3419703664b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-015_0.jpg)


24 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 58.8, Long -11.8

[Wind mainly NW force 2; sea smooth; mainly cloudless; air temperature average 51°F; sea average 50°F]

[Base courses S3°W and N4°E, some zigzagging 33° every 10 minutes]

7.40am: straight course S3°W.

10.30am: sighted smoke on port bow.

10.50am: altered course to N35°W.

11.06am: altered course to N4°E; vessel proved to be HMS Donegal.

1.55pm: engine speed as required to board Danish steamer Lejre; SS Lejre sent to Kirkwall with armed guard.

2.30pm: straight course S10°E.

6.20pm: altered course to N56°W to intercept steamer; ship proved to be Russian SS Novorossiya; allowed to proceed.

Distance run 254 miles.


4caf8c78cadfd3419703664c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-015_1.jpg)


25 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 58.6, Long -11.9

[Wind mainly variable and S force 1; sea smooth; mainly cloudless; air temperature average 55°F; sea average 50°F]

[Base courses S3°W and N4°E, mainly straight]

1.45am: signalled Norwegian steamer with armed guard from Alsatian.*

9.30am: stopped for target practice.

Distance run 225 miles.


*[The Norwegian steamer was the John Blumer.]


4caf8c78cadfd3419703664d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-016_0.jpg)


26 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 54.8, Long -11.8

[Wind mainly variable and SW force 1; sea smooth; overcast with rain; air temperature average 49°F; sea average 50°F]

[Base courses S3°W and N4°E, mainly straight]

8.00am: altered course to N20°E.

9.30am: stopped to drop target.

10.00am: stopped to pick up target.

2.00pm: altered course to S45°W to intercept steamer.

3.26pm: stopped; ship proved to be Norwegian SS Are on passage to Liverpool; allowed to proceed.

4.10pm: sighted HMS Teutonic.

5.30pm: hands darken ship.

Distance run 238 miles.

4caf8c78cadfd3419703664e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-016_1.jpg)


27 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 58.7, Long -11.1

[Wind S (SW and SE) force 3 rising to force 9; sea moderate to very rough; overcast with mist then rain squalls; air temperature average 49°F; sea average 49°F]*

[Base courses S3°W and N4°E, mainly straight]

7.25am: sighted HMS Teutonic.

7.35am: 5° allowed for leeway.

7.50am: half speed.

9.30am: midshipmen to small arms drill; hands washing paintwork.

5.14pm: increased speed to 10 knots.

Number on sick list: 2.

Distance run 225 miles.


*[Note: because of the increasing gale, instructions were given to the squadron to lie to if necessary. The barometer fell to 29.25 (990mbs.). See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 291.]


4caf8c78cadfd3419703664f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-017_0.jpg)


28 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 58.4, Long -11.5

[Wind SSE force 8-9 reducing later; sea very rough; overcast with rain squalls; air temperature average 49°F; sea average 50°F]

[Base courses S3°W and N4°E, mainly straight]

1.00am: dim navigation lights burning.

5.15am: increased speed to 10 knots.

8.50am: ship stopped heading WNW.

4.00pm: half speed course ESE.

6.00pm: stopped.

Distance run 89 miles.


4caf8c78cadfd34197036650: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-017_1.jpg)


29 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 58.8, Long -11.4

[Wind SE force 6; sea rough; cloudy then broken cloud; air temperature average 49°F; sea average 49°F]

[Base courses S3°W and N4°E, mainly straight]

0.00am: ship stopped then 6.55am slow.

7.05am: half speed to intercept steamer.

7.30am: slow and courses various whilst getting into position to board SS Llama of New York.

7.20am: [sic] stopped.

7.50am: sent armed guard on board.

8.15am: boat returned; ship sent to Kirkwall.*

8.20am: full speed on course WNW to intercept steamer.

8.33am: steamer found to be ammunition ship No. 62.

2.05pm: port quarter boat link carried away; lost 6 oars and 2 boathooks out of boat.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 46 miles.


*[Note: This oil tanker (original name Brilliant) was one of those bought by Standard Oil from her German owners at the beginning of the war, and had already been accused by the British of running oil into Germany. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 130 and 259. See also E Keble Chatterton, The Big Blockade, Hurst and Blackett 1932, p191.

On this voyage she was en route to Copenhagen, but when she was attempting to enter Kirkwall on 31st October 1915, with the armed guard from Virginian on board, she ran aground on the Skea Skerries reef, and sank when she slipped off. This event was not reported in the normal way by Admiral de Chair, and, ever sensitive to American opinion, it appears that there was something of a cover-up. This reflected a major dispute over the purchase of ex-German ships between the British and American governments at the beginning of the war. See Chapter 6 “The Problem With Americans” in N A Lambert, Planning Armageddon, Harvard Univ. Press, 2012.


4caf8c78cadfd34197036651: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-018_0.jpg)


30 October 1915

At patrol.

Lat 58.8, Long -11.2

[Wind ESE veering S force 5-6; sea moderate to rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 48°F; sea average 49°F]

[Base courses S3°W and N4°E, mainly straight]

2.40pm: full speed.

3.05pm: altered course to S48°E to intercept steamer.

4.50pm: stopped; boarding boat away to British SS Malvern Range.

4.55pm: boat returned; steamer allowed to proceed.

Coal remaining 824 tons.

Distance run 204 miles.

4caf8c78cadfd34197036652: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-018_1.jpg)


31 October 1915

At sea [en route to Liverpool]

Lat 55.0, Long -5.6

[Wind SE force 5-6; sea moderate to rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 48°F; sea average 50°F]

0.10am: straight course S31°E, 2° up for leeway.

6.30am: sounded in 30 fathoms firm sand.

7.00am: commenced zigzagging pattern 22° every 5, 10, 5 minutes.

8.00am: Oversay Lighthouse abeam 7 miles.

9.30am: various courses through Rathlin Sound.

10.30am: course S28°E; Torr Point abeam.

11.49am: Maidens Lighthouse abeam 5 miles.

12.55pm Mew Island abeam 6 miles.

3.48pm: courses various rounding Chickens.

4.00pm: Chickens Lighthouse abeam 1 mile.

4.05pm: altered course to S45°E; Chickens bearing NE.

5.00pm: darkened ship.

7.55pm: sighted Bar Light Vessel.

8.35pm: half speed; Bar Light Vessel abeam.

9.10pm: Formby Light Vessel abeam; tender Bison alongside with pilot and mail; courses and speeds to pilot’s order.

9.35pm: No. 8 Bell Buoy abeam; course S15°E to Rock Light.

10.40pm: anchored off Sandon Dock; 60 fathoms starboard anchor in 12 fathoms of water; long leave men left in tender Bison.

Coal remaining 606 tons.

Distance run 298½ miles.


4caf8c78cadfd34197036653: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd34197036654: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd34197036655: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd34197036656: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd34197036657: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd34197036658: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67708/ADM 53-67708-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR NOVEMBER 1915


4caf8c78cadfd34197036659: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd3419703665a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd3419703665b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c78cadfd3419703665c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd3419703665d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-003_0.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd3419703665e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-003_1.jpg)


1 November 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NNE force 3; overcast; air temperature average 48°F]

1.00am: at anchor in river Mersey; ship swung to flood tide.

4.00am: commenced to heave in cable.

4.20am: achor weighed and tugs made fast; proceeded towards dock.

5.15am: entered Sandon Basin.

5.40am: made fast in basin.

6.45am: left Sandon Basin.

7.15am: made fast at Sandon Dock.

9.30am: hands preparing ship for coaling.

11.00am: discharged 1 Leading Seaman and 1 Gunner RMR to hospital.

11.30am: Mr Wakeham Gunner RN joined.

2.00pm: commenced coaling.

5.05pm: 5 hospital cases and 1 Signal Rating joined from HMS Eagle.

9.00pm: ceased coaling for the day.

4caf8c79cadfd3419703665f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-004_0.jpg)


2 November 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind N and variable force 2; air temperature average 45°F]

7.30am: commenced coaling.

9.00pm: finished coaling for the day.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036660: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-004_1.jpg)


3 November 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind N and variable and calm; cloudy; air temperature average 45°F]

7.30am: commenced coaling.

1.20pm: binding new cable.

5.00pm: stopped coaling for tea.

9.00pm: finished coaling for the day.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036661: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-005_0.jpg)


4 November 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable and calm; cloudy; air temperature average 45°F]

7.30am: commenced coaling.

9.35am: prize crew returned.

5.15pm: prize crew returned.

9.00pm: finished coaling for the day.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036662: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-005_1.jpg)


5 November 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind N force 2; cloudless; air temperature average 43°F]

7.00am: commenced discharging coal out of hatches 1 and 4.

8.00am: liberty men returned; remainder of Port Watch went on long leave.

9.30am: shifted ship to berth astern.

6.00pm: J Bubb Gunner RMA joined ship.

9.00pm: finished coaling for the day.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036663: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-006_0.jpg)


6 November 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 1; cloudy; air temperature average 45°F]

7.00am: commenced coaling.

9.00am: commenced loading of pig iron ballast in Nos. 1 and 4 holds.

2.00pm: Chief Gunner S Gurrwilite left ship for barracks.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036664: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-006_1.jpg)


7 November 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 45°F]

7.00am: resumed ballast work.

10.15am: church party ashore.

12.35pm: church party returned; liberty men ashore.

8.00pm: ceased working ballast for the day.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036665: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-007_0.jpg)


8 November 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind W force 2-3; overcast; air temperature average 45°F]

7.00am: resumed ballast work.

7.10pm: 2 ratings joined from Portsmouth.

9.22pm: body reported in dock alongside; telephoned police and commenced grappling.

9.45pm: body found to be Gunner J. Broome RMA; artificial respiration tried until 11:15 pm.

11.15pm: life extinct.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036666: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-007_1.jpg)


9 November 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock [and en route to patrol ground]

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind WNW force 2 rising at sea to force 8; sea rough; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 50°F; sea 48°F]

0.45am: finished coaling.

1.00am: body of Gunner J. Broome left ship.

5.00am: continued taking in ballast in hold No. 4.

9.15am: pilot on board.

10.00am: doctor, PO and 2 men left ship for inquest on Gunner J. Broome.

11.00am: singled in moorings.

11.25am: made fast tugs.

11.45am: left Sandon Dock.

Noon: entered river.

12.15pm: let go tugs.

12.45pm: anchored with 60 fathoms of cable with starboard anchor.

1.30pm: party returned from inquest.

1.45pm: commenced to heave up anchor.

2.00pm: anchor weighed; proceeded with course and speed various.

2.06pm: Rock Light passed.

2.54pm: Formby Light Vessel abeam.

3.10pm: Bar Light Vessel abeam; zigzagging 2 points each way every 5 minutes, course N47°W.

5.40pm: straight course N50°W.

6.00pm: dim navigation lights burning.

7.45pm: Chickens Lighthouse abeam 5 miles.

8.00pm: straight course N4°E.

10.25pm: South Rock Light abeam.

11.10pm: Skulmartin Light abeam.

0.00am: Mew Island abeam 11 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036667: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-008_0.jpg)


10 November 1915

At sea [en route to patrol ground]

Lat 56.0, Long -4.4

[Wind NW force 8-9; sea very rough; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 45°F; sea 48°F]

0.26am: Black Head abeam 3½ miles.

1.08am: Corsewall Light abeam 5 miles.

2.36am: Sanda Light abeam.

3.12am: straight course N58°W; Mull of Cantyre abeam.

5.50am: Oversay Light abeam 6 miles.

8.35am: reduced speed to enable men to rescue ammunition boxes alongside.

4.18pm: hands darken ship.

8.00pm: Barra Head bearing E½S by compass.

9.00pm: dim navigation lights burning.

Distance run 228 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036668: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-008_1.jpg)


11 November 1915

At patrol.

Lat 58.5, Long -10.0

[Wind mainly NE force 5; sea moderate; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 39°F; sea 45°F]

1.15am: full navigation lights burning.

2.00am: straight course N23°E.

7.35am:challenged HMS Victorian.

4.00pm: hands darken ship [repeated each day at this time]

5.00pm: course N46°E.

Distance run 210½ miles.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036669: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-009_0.jpg)


12 November 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.8, Long -4.2*

[Wind mainly NE force 5-6; sea moderate; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 32°F; sea 40°F]

3.05am: Myggenaes Light bearing N62°E.

6.07am: Myggenaes Light abeam 9½ miles.

7.00am: course N51°E.

8.00am: Myling Head [Mykines?] abeam 16 miles.

12.50pm: altered course to SE to close with Alsatian.

1.18pm: stopped.

1.25pm: boarding boat away to Alsatian.

1.50pm: boarding boat returned; full speed.

Distance run 238½ miles.


*[Note: Virginian has now joined “A” Patrol, north of the Faroes.]


4caf8c79cadfd3419703666a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-009_1.jpg)


13 November 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.6, Long -4.2

[Wind mainly NE force 5-7; sea moderate; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 29°F; sea 39°F]

[Base courses S59°E, N55-60°W straight courses]

Distance run 197 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd3419703666b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-010_0.jpg)


14 November 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.5, Long -4.2

[Wind mainly N and NNE force 5-7; sea moderate; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 29°F; sea 39°F]

[Base courses S59°E, N55-60°W straight courses]

9.00am: 3° up for leeway.

9.45am: divisions and Captain’s inspection.

10.10am: altered course to NE to intercept steamer.

10.20am: challenged HMS Changuinola.

9.50pm: 4° up for leeway.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 190 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd3419703666c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-010_1.jpg)


15 November 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.0, Long -4.6

[Wind NNE force 5-7; sea moderate; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 34°F; sea 39°F]

[Base courses S59°E, N55-60°W straight courses]

4.00pm: evening quarters; exercised towing aft.

Distance run 264 miles.

4caf8c79cadfd3419703666d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-011_0.jpg)


16 November 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.5, Long -4.1

[Wind backing NNE to WNW force 2-3; sea slight; cloudy; air temperature average 36°F; sea 39°F]

[Base courses S59°E, N55-60°W straight courses]

Distance run 217 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd3419703666e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-011_1.jpg)


17 November 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.2, Long -6.0

[Wind WNW force 3-4; sea slight; overcast; air temperature average 38°F; sea 39°F]

[Base courses S59°E, N55-60°W straight courses]

9.30am: general quarters; dropped target.

10.15am: in target; resumed course and speed.

Distance run 218 miles.

4caf8c79cadfd3419703666f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-012_0.jpg)


18 November 1915

At patrol.

Lat 63.7, Long -6.9

[Wind SW force 3-5; sea slight; overcast; air temperature average 40°F; sea 39°F]

[Base courses S76°E, N55°W straight courses]

11.00am: 1 chipping hammer overboard by accident.

1.00pm: day men chipping paintwork, overhauling boats, cleaning brass work.

3.20pm: altered course to S10°W to intercept steamer; full speed.

3.40pm: stopped.

3.45pm: boarding boat away to Russian SS Export.

4.24pm: boarding boat returned and hoisted; steamer allowed to proceed.

5.15pm: altered course to WSW to intercept steamer.

5.24pm: stopped.

5.35pm: boarding boat away to Russian SS Katie.

6.15pm: boarding boat returned and hoisted; steamer allowed to proceed; set course S22°W, full speed.

11.00pm: sounded: 75 fathoms stones.

11.25pm: sighted: Myggenaes Lt


4caf8c79cadfd34197036670: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-012_1.jpg)


19 November 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.8, Long -9.5

[Wind SSW force 5-7; sea moderate; overcast; air temperature average 43°F; sea 44°F]

0.45am: Myggenaes Light abeam 14 miles.

4.10am: altered course to N65°W.

9.35am: challenged HMS Hildebrand.

4.00pm: altered course to N23°W, zigzagging 33° every 10 minutes.

5.28pm: straight course 23°W.

6.30pm: zigzagging 33° every 10 minutes.

9.00pm: passed [British] SS Kendal Castle bound north.

Distance run 280 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036671: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-013_0.jpg)


20 November 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.8, Long -10.0

[Wind SSW force 6-7; sea rough; heavily overcast; air temperature average 43°F; sea 43°F]

[Base courses N24°E, S22°W straight courses]

[Generally slow and half speed through the day]

Distance run 238 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036672: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-013_1.jpg)


21 November 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.9, Long -10.0

[Wind SSW force 5; sea moderate; overcast with drizzle and rain; air temperature average 44°F; sea 44°F]

[Base courses N24°E, S22°W straight courses]

[Generally slow and half speed through the day]*

9.45am: divisions and Captain’s inspection.

10.00pm: altered course to W½N to intercept vessel.

10.08pm: full speed.

10.15pm: stopped.

10.30pm: boarding boat away.

10.45pm: boarding boat returned; British trawler allowed to proceed.

Distance run 172½ miles.


*[Note: the diary of AB Style, serving in HMS Alcantara, notes that on these days there was a very heavy sea running and he observed a number of steamers making very heavy weather, as was Virginian. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 309.]


4caf8c79cadfd34197036673: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-014_0.jpg)


22 November 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.9, Long -10.0

[Wind SW force 5 veering to N force 8; sea moderate to rough; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 40°F; sea 40°F]

[Base courses N24°E, S22°W straight courses]

0.30am: speed slow; navigation lights burning.

6.00am: 5° allowed for leeway.

7.00am: 6° allowed for leeway.

10.45am: challenged HMS Changuinola.

6.48pm: Myggenaes Light abeam 11 miles.

11.50pm: reduced speed to slow.

Distance run 179 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036674: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-014_1.jpg)


23 November 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.8, Long -6.2

[Wind mainly N force 8; sea rough; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 30°F; sea 38°F]

[Base courses NNW and SSE straight courses]

1.50am: altered course to S59°E half speed.

2.20am: hove to, heading NNW.

1.00 to 1.15pm: stopped then slow ahead course WNW.

1.30pm: sounded: 130 fathoms no bottom.

5.30pm: course ESE, half speed.

0.00am: altered course to NNE speed slow.

Distance run 171 miles.

4caf8c79cadfd34197036675: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-015_0.jpg)


24 November 1915

At patrol.

Lat 62.6, Long -6.2

[Wind N force 5-2; sea moderate; overcast with snow; air temperature average 36°F; sea 46°F]

4.20am: course N67°W.

8.50am: altered course to SSW.

[Soundings: selection in fathoms: 7.50am: 100 sand and gravel, 10.00am: 69 sand and gravel, 11.00am: 55 shells.]

12.25pm: altered course to WNW, half speed; sighted HMS Alsatian.

12.35pm: speed 13 knots, taking station 2 miles ESE of Alsatian.

1.44pm: stopped.

1.56pm: Alsatian’s boat alongside.

2.00pm: boat left; full speed course SW.

4.00pm: Fuglo Island abeam 10 miles.

8.10pm: commenced zigzagging, 3 points every 10 minutes.

0.00am: increased speed to 15 knots.

Distance run 155 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036676: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-015_1.jpg)


25 November 1915


At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind NNE force 5-2; sea slight; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 36°F; sea 47°F]

0.00am: course S25°E, zigzagging 33° each side.

5.50am: sounding: 73 fathoms sand.

7.48am: Muckle Roe Light abeam.

8.00am: passed boom defence.

8.25am: anchored in No 1 Berth Busta Voe, 61 fathoms of cable in 13 fathoms of water.

8.55am: collier Towneley alongside, gear examined and found to be correct.

9.00am: collier Rondo [?] alongside.

9.55am: Port Watch commenced coaling; collier coaling gear examined found in working order.

11.00am: liberty men ashore.

1.00pm: Starboard Watch coaling ship.

2.00pm: hand rail of accommodation ladder lost by accident.

7.00am: stokers from Gibraltar left ship.

8.00pm: stopped coaling for the day.

Distance run 228½ miles.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036677: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-016_0.jpg)


26 November 1915

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind N force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 35°F]

7.00am: Watches and stokers from Gibraltar continued coaling ship.

8.00pm: ceased coaling for the day.

9.15pm: ship swinging - hove up port anchor.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036678: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-016_1.jpg)


27 November 1915

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind mainly SW force 2; overcast; air temperature average 36°F]

5.00am: resumed coaling from port collier.

9.35am: finished coaling.

7.30pm: Rear-Admiral Fawckner arrived on board.*


*[Note: Rear-Admiral Fawckner was the SNO Swarbacks Minn 1915-1917.]


4caf8c79cadfd34197036679: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-017_0.jpg)


28 November 1915

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.5, Long -2.8

[Wind WSW force 3-5; sea slight; overcast with rain; air temperature average 40°F; sea 44°F]

3.45pm: commenced to heave in cable.

3.55pm: anchor weighed

4.00pm: proceeded out of harbour.

4.20pm: passed boom defence.

4.25pm: full speed.

4.32pm: Muckle Roe Light abeam; course N23°W, zigzagging 28° every 10 minutes.

5.50pm: altered course to N77°W straight course, speed 13 knots.

Coal remaining 2842 tons.


4caf8c79cadfd3419703667a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-017_1.jpg)


29 November 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.8, Long -9.0

[Wind SE veering to SW force 3-6; sea moderate to rough; overcast with light rain; air temperature average 44°F; sea 45°F]

7.30am: straight course N85°W.

7.15pm: altered course to NE to intercept steamer.

8.15pm: altered course to ESE; speed dead slow following steamer.

8.55pm: speed slow following Danish SS Helmer Morch

Distance run 236 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd3419703667b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-018_0.jpg)


30 November 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.4, Long -10.8

[Wind mainly SE force 6-8; sea very rough; overcast with rain; air temperature average 42°F; sea 44°F]

1.00am: course S67°E, closing on steamer.

5.10am: turned round full speed.

5.35am: course S65°E, reduced speed.

8.10am: full speed to turn then half speed.

2.15pm: altered course to N75°E to close with steamer; increased speed to half speed.

3.25pm: altered course to SSE; signalled Danish SS Helmer Morch bound from Pensacola to Copenhagen with a cargo of oil cake.

3.55pm: altered course to SE; reduced speed to slow; keeping steamer in sight.

7.55pm: navigation lights burning.

8.45pm: turned ship to NNW.

8.50pm: stopped.

9.15pm: Nos. 7 and 8 guns secured.

10.30pm: kept course SSE, speed slow; keeping in sight of Danish steamer Helmer Morch.*

Distance run 139 miles.


*[Note: Virginian reported to the Admiralty that she was attempting to board this vessel, but was unable to do so because of the rough sea. The Master agreed to call at Kirkwall, but when he did the ship was not detained. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 318.]


4caf8c79cadfd3419703667c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-018_1.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd3419703667d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd3419703667e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd3419703667f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd34197036680: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd34197036681: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd34197036682: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67709/ADM 53-67709-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR DECEMBER 1915


4caf8c79cadfd34197036683: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd34197036684: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd34197036685: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd34197036686: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd34197036687: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c79cadfd34197036688: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-003_1.jpg)


1 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.4, Long -9.4

[Wind mainly ESE force 7-8; sea very rough; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 42°F; sea 44°F]

2.00am: navigation lights burning.

4.00am: keeping SS Helmer Morch in sight.

5.00am: full speed to turn.

10.00am: stopped, log in; courses and speed various whilst getting into position to board steamer.

11.00am: decided not to board until weather moderates; ordered steamer to steer N70°E.

11.30am: set course E; speed dead slow following steamer.

1.00pm: speed various to keep close to steamer.

4.30pm: closed with SS Helmer Morch; signalled her to proceed to Kirkwall.

4.40pm: full speed on course N13°E; navigation lights burning; 3° up for leeway.

Distance run 37 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036689: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-004_0.jpg)


2 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.0, Long -10.0

[Wind mainly ENE force 6; sea rough; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 32°F; sea 43°F]

[Base courses N25°E and S23°W, straight courses]

7.30am: signalled HMS Motagua.

10.00am: payment of ship’s company.

2.33pm: stopped for engine purpose.

2.55pm: proceeded; lost log line rotator by accident.

Distance run 210 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd3419703668a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-004_1.jpg)


3 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.2, Long -9.7

[Wind mainly NE force 6; sea rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 31°F; sea 43°F]

[Base courses N25°E and S23°W, straight courses]

1.30am: reduced pressure [sic] to 9 knots.

5.00am: pressure for 14 knots.

7.00am: pressure for 13 knots.

8.00am: pressure for 9 knots.

10.20am: altered course to S23°W to intercept steamer.

11.10am: courses and speed various whilst boarding French SS Sainte Anne bound from Archangel to Brest.

12.25pm: boat returned from steamer; set course N64°W, 11 knots.

10.15pm: altered course to NE½E to intercept steamer.

10.40pm: challenged by HMS Alsatian.

Distance run 232 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd3419703668b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-005_0.jpg)


4 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.2, Long -9.2

[Wind mainly NNE force 5-4; sea moderate; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 32°F; sea 43°F]

0.30am: straight course S9°E.

9.16am: course N66°W.

10.45am: course N4°E; 1 large holystone lost by accident; 1 iron holystone frame broken by accident.*

1.13pm: commenced zigzagging 28° every 10 minutes.

2.00pm: pressure for 11 knots.

3.00pm: pressure for 10 knots.

3.30pm: pressure for 9 knots.

11.55pm: altered course to N4°E speed 10 knots.

Distance run 242 miles.


*[Note: holystones were blocks of soft sandstone used in scrubbing the decks of the ship.]


4caf8c79cadfd3419703668c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-005_1.jpg)


5 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.0, Long -10.1

[Wind mainly NNE veering to ENE force 4-6; sea moderate; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 35°F; sea 44°F]

[Base courses N4°E and S2°W, straight courses]

7.55am: full speed to intercept steamer.

8.00am: altered course to N; challenged by HMS Mantua.

9.45am: divisions and Captain’s inspection.

6.00pm: altered course to S89E.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 249 miles.

4caf8c79cadfd3419703668d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-006_0.jpg)



6 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.5, Long -10.3

[Wind E force 8-9; sea very rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 37°F; sea 44°F]

[Base courses S89°E and N85°W, straight courses]

Soundings: 7.50am: 63 fathoms sand, 9.09am: 130 fathoms no bottom.

3.00pm: hands employed stuffing timber into No. 1 hold.

5.00pm: navigation lights burning.

6.45pm: reduced pressure to 9 knots.

8.00pm: slow speed; course SE.

9.30pm: reduced pressure to 8 knots.

Distance run 236 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd3419703668e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-006_1.jpg)


7 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.8, Long -9.1

[Wind E force 8 backing to NE force 7; sea very rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 37°F; sea 44°F]

[Base courses SE and N85°W, straight courses]

9.00am: sounding: 60 fathoms gravel and shells.

11.00am: shifting timber in No. 3 hold.

11.45am: sounding: 68 fathoms gravel and shells.

5.00pm: reduced speed to 10 knots; reduced pressure to 9 knots.

7.00pm: reduced speed to slow.

9.30pm: allowed ½ point leeway.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 77½ miles.


4caf8c79cadfd3419703668f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-007_0.jpg)


8 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.5, Long -10.3

[Wind NE force 7 backing to NNW force 4; sea rough to moderate; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 33°F; sea 44°F]

[Base courses S89°E and N85°W, straight courses]

3.00am: reduced pressure to 6 knots.

7.45am: increased to 11 knots; 4° for leeway.

11.00am: leeway taken off.

4.30pm: 6° for leeway.

8.00pm: took off leeway.

10.30pm: altered course to SSW; full speed to intercept steamer.

11.50pm: courses and speed various.

Distance run 143 miles.

4caf8c79cadfd34197036690: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-007_1.jpg)


9 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 60.2, Long -9.8

[Wind NNW veering to E force 3-4; sea moderate; cloudy with snow squalls; air temperature average 35°F; sea 44°F]

[Base courses S89°E and N85°W, straight courses]

0.15am: boarding boat away to Swedish SS Texas [?] on passage from Gothenburg to Newport News.

1.30am: allowed to proceed; boat returned; set course S89°E.

6.40am: sounding: 130 fathoms no bottom.

8.35am: challenged HMS Hildebrand.

9.15am: sighted HMS Orotava.

10.30am: stopped.

10.50am: boat from Hildebrand alongside.

10.55am: boat away.

11.40-11.45am: boat from Orotava alongside.

11.45am: set course N48°W, speed 10 knots.

2.00pm: hands scaling and painting and mending coal baskets; boys to school.

Distance run 213 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036691: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-008_0.jpg)


10 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 61.3, Long -7.4

[Wind E force 4-5; sea moderate; cloudy; air temperature average 31°F; sea 43°F]

0.05am: course S89°E.

8.00am: course S69°E.

9.15am: challenged HMS Mantua.

9.45am: hands rigging coaling gear; boys cleaning duty boat.

10.00am: commenced zigzagging 3 points every 10 minutes, speed 12 knots.

10.45am: altered course to N45°W; full speed to intercept steamer.

11.10am: kept course and speed; found steamer had already been examined.

2.30pm: Sumbo Lighthouse abeam 8 miles.

2.40pm: resumed zigzagging.

5.10pm: straight course S69°E, allowed 3° for leeway.

Coal remaining 1440 tons.

Distance run 244 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036692: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-008_1.jpg)


11 December 1915

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind ENE and NE force 3-4; sea slight; cloudy with snow squalls; air temperature average 31°F; sea 43°F]

4.50am: course S72°E zigzagging 3 points every 10 minutes.

7.30am: straight course S30°E, full speed.

7.40am: Esha Ness Light abeam; hands turning in boats and preparing for coaling.

8.20am: Muckle Roe Light abeam.

8.30am: passed boom defence.

8.40am: made fast to tug.

8.57am: anchored with 60 fathoms of cable with starboard anchor in 15 fathoms of water.

9.35am: at No.1 Berth; collier Tynemouth alongside port side; collier Excellent starboard side; coaling gear examined and found correct; stokers from HMS Gibraltar arrived.

10.15am: commenced coaling.

3.15pm: HMS Motagua left.

6.00pm: ceased coaling; Gibraltar stokers left; total 703 tons.

Anchor bearings: Ship’s head NNE, Church N64½°E, Flagstaff N76°W.

Distance run 221½ miles.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036693: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-009_0.jpg)


12 December 1915

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind NE backing N force 5-6; cloudy with snow squalls; air temperature average 30°F]

7.50am: 2 shipwrights left for HMS Gibraltar.

7.45am: stokers arrived from HMS Gibraltar.

8.00am: resumed coaling.

9.45am: No. 3 port winch broke down.

10.15am: let go port anchor with 20 fathoms of cable.

10.20am: No. 3 winch repaired.

2.35pm: finished coaling; Gibraltar stokers left; total received 1200 tons; working hours 14 hours 10 minutes; average 84.7 tons per hour.

4.00pm: hands cleaning ship and unrigging coaling gear; coal remaining 2526 tons.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036694: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-009_1.jpg)


13 December 1915


At Busta Voe, No. 1 Berth.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind NNE force 4-6; cloudy with snow squalls; air temperature average 30°F]

8.20am: collier Excellent left.

8.30am: collier Tynemouth left.

3.45pm: hands preparing ship for sea; boats swung out, port anchor up.

[Liberty for some men 1.15 to 4.15pm]

Number on sick list: 2.

Coal remaining 2476 tons.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036695: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-010_0.jpg)


14 December 1915

At Busta Voe and to patrol.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind “light airs” and SSE force 1-2; overcast; air temperature average 35°F]

8.45am: HMS Victorian and HMS Duke of Cornwall arrived.

10.00am: hands “abandon ship”; all boats lowered and rowed round HMS Gibraltar.

11.15am: hands exercised at collision stations; 4 midshipmen joined ship from Duke of Cornwall; received mails on board.

3.00pm: prize crew for HMS Hilary on board.

3.35pm: anchor up; made fast to tug; course and speed various.

4.07pm: Muckle Roe Light abeam.

4.10pm: set course NNW, full speed.

4.45pm: Esha Ness Light abeam; commenced zigzagging, 2 points every 10 minutes.

5.00pm: altered course to N29°W; zigzagging pattern 20 mins straight, 15 mins 2 points port, 10 mins straight, 15 mins 2 points starboard, 20 mins straight, 15 mins 2 points starboard etc.

6.00pm: altered course to N87°W, zigzagging as before.


4caf8c79cadfd34197036696: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-010_1.jpg)


15 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.8, Long -7.8*

[Wind SSE force 2-4; sea slight; overcast with drizzle; air temperature average 42°F; sea 46°F]

0.22am: altered course to N27°W.

0.50am: stopped.

0.54am: boat away to Danish SS Florida.

1.50am: boat returned.

1.53am: set course N to intercept trawler.

2.28am: trawler allowed to proceed.

8.00am: commenced zigzagging pattern [see log 14th December 1915]

9.30am: general quarters; out target.

10.07am: in target; straight course W.

7.45pm: straight course S89°E.

9.30pm: commenced zigzagging 28° every 10 minutes.

Distance run 226 miles.


*[Note: Virginian is now on “C” Patrol, south of the Faroes.]


4caf8c79cadfd34197036697: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-011_0.jpg)


16 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.6, Long -9.7

[Wind SE backing E force 5-6; sea moderate; overcast; air temperature average 39°F; sea 44°F]

[Base courses S89°E and N85°W, straight and zigzagging]

0.00am: course S89°E, zigzagging 28° every 10 minutes.

10.30am: straight course NW; full speed to intercept steamer.

10.50am: stop; boarding boat away.

11.28am: boat returned; SS Norveiga [sic: possibly Noruega] sent to Kirkwall under armed guard.

11.30am: set course NNW; challenged Hilary.

12.10pm: stopped to send armed guard to Hilary.

12.22pm: HMS Hilary’s boat alongside for armed guard.

1.15pm: full speed course NNW to intercept steamer SS Frederick VIII.

1.45pm: stopped; boat sent with armed guard to board steamer.

4.15pm: boat returned; SS Frederick VIII sent to Kirkwall with armed guard.*

Distance run 273 miles.


*[Note: this vessel was on passage from New York to Copenhagen with 920 passengers, some of whom were of German nationality and of military age. All the latter claimed to belong to the Red Cross. At Kirkwall she was subjected to a thorough search. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 330.]


4caf8c79cadfd34197036698: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-011_1.jpg)


17 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.2, Long -9.3

[Wind mainly NE force 4-5; sea moderate; overcast and cloudy; air temperature average 35°F; sea 43°F]

[Base courses S89°E and N85°W, straight and zigzagging]

3.55am: altered course to NNE to intercept steamer.

4.50am: searchlight put on trawler Cadet.

6.00am: altered course to straight course N85°W.

7.15pm: commenced zigzagging pattern.

8.15pm: observed ligh bearing NE; altered course to N34°E.

9.20pm: SS proved to be Svend II already with armed guard on board.*

Distance run 201 miles.


*[Note: the armed guard was from HMS Hilary, which had stopped Svend II in Lat 59°26’N, Long 11°20’W and sent her to Kirkwall. Svend II was on passage from New Orleans to Aalborg with a cargo of oilcake. See

HMS Hilary.]


4caf8c79cadfd34197036699: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-012_0.jpg)


18 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.4, Long -8.7

[Wind mainly NE force 4-5; sea moderate; overcast and cloudy; air temperature average 35°F; sea 43°F]

[Base courses S89°E and N85°W, straight and zigzagging to complex pattern, see log 14/12/15]

0.45am: altered course to SSE to intercept steamer; full speed.

1.00am: resumed course S89°E and zigzag pattern.

1.12am: challenged HMS Mantua.

8.15am: altered course to S23°E to intercept steamer.

9.05am: stopped and sent boarding boat away to SS Helga [sic, but more likely the Swedish SS Helge.]*

9.30am: boat returned; SS Helga sent to Kirkwall under armed guard.

10.56am: course and speed various whilst getting into position to board Norwegian SS John Blumer.

11.30am: boat returned; SS John Blumer sent to Kirkwall with armed guard.

7.25pm: started the zigzagging pattern again.

Distance run 236½ miles.


*[Note: SS Helge was on the Admiralty’s “blacklist” and was detained several times. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 418.]


4caf8c79cadfd3419703669a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-012_1.jpg)


19 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 58.6, Long -8.9

[Wind mainly W backing SW force 2-4; sea slight; overcast and cloudy; air temperature average 41°F; sea 43°F]

[Base courses various, straight and zigzagging to complex pattern, see log 14/12/15]

6.00am: course S69°W, zigzag pattern.

9.45am: Captain’s inspection.

10.20am: stopped zigzagging.

10.30am: sounding: 130 fathoms no bottom.

11.00am: course N86°W, zigzagging as before.

1.00pm: straight course N86°W.

8.00pm: course N89°E, zigzag pattern.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 278½ miles.


4caf8c79cadfd3419703669b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-013_0.jpg)


20 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 58.5, Long -9.4

[Wind variable SE then NNW force 2-4; sea slight; overcast with drizzle and mist; air temperature average 43°F; sea 44°F]

[Base courses N86-89°W and E, straight and mainly zigzagging to complex pattern, see log 14/12/15]

4.45am: sounding: 78 fathoms sand.

4.00pm: straight course N60°W.

6.00pm: straight course E.

8.00pm: resumed zigzag pattern.

Distance run 287 miles.

4caf8c79cadfd3419703669c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-013_1.jpg)


21 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 58.8, Long -9.5

[Wind variable N then SSW force 2-4; sea slight; overcast with drizzle and mist; air temperature average 43°F; sea 44°F]

[Base courses N86°W and S78°W, straight and zigzagging to complex pattern, see log 14/12/15]

10.00am: hands cleaning brightwork, painting boats and varnishing derricks.

1.20pm: stopped and HMS Patuca's boat alongside.

1.37pm: let go; straight course N69°W, half speed.

Distance run 303½ miles.


4caf8c79cadfd3419703669d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-014_0.jpg)


22 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 58.9, Long -9.3

[Wind variable SSE then WSW force 2-4; sea slight; overcast with drizzle and mist; air temperature average 43°F; sea 44°F]

[Base courses N86°W and E, straight and zigzagging to complex pattern, see log 14/12/15]

1.30am: commenced zigzag pattern.

9.30am: closed up for exercise; guns trained and elevated every hour.

4.02pm: altered course to S56°W to intercept trawler.

4.30pm: trawler GY989 [Romantic] allowed to proceed from Grimsby to Iceland.

8.50pm: altered course to E to intercept steamer.

9.20pm: stopped; away boarding boat to Swedish SS Atlantic on passage from Goteborg to Cape Town with a cargo of timber and general cargo; allowed to proceed.

9.45pm: boat returned; set course SSW, zigzagging.

Distance run 273 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd3419703669e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-014_1.jpg)


23 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 58.8, Long -9.8

[Wind variable mainly E force 2-4; sea slight; overcast; air temperature average 43°F; sea 44°F]

[Base courses N86°W and E, straight and zigzagging to complex pattern, see log 14/12/15]

[0.00am to 4.00pm: zigzagging]

4.00pm: commenced straight course N86°W.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 284 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd3419703669f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-015_0.jpg)


24 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.0, Long -9.1

[Wind mainly ESE force 5-6; sea moderate; overcast; air temperature average 42°F; sea 43°F]

9.40am: observed steamer bearing N; challenged, reply correct; HMS Hildebrand.

3.25pm: altered course to N17°W to intercept schooner.

4.20pm: stopped.

4.25pm: boarding boat away to Danish schooner Hjalmar Sorensen.

5.08pm: boat returned unable to board schooner; set course N16°E, keeping in touch with schooner.*

6.10pm: challenged HMS Hildebrand; following schooner, engines as required.

7.50pm: stopped.

11.15pm: [still stopped]; keeping in touch with schooner.

Distance run 244 miles.


*[Note: a number of ships in the squadron were having difficulty boarding at this time because of heavy seas. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 332.]


4caf8c79cadfd341970366a0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-015_1.jpg)


25 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.5, Long -9.5

[Wind mainly E force 5; sea moderate; overcast; air temperature average 37°F; sea 43°F]

0.30am: engines various speeds to keep in touch with schooner.

2.00am: set course NNE; estimated speed for watch 6 knots.

3.30am: gun crews closed up for exercise.

4.00am: ship’s head N10°E.

8.30am: set course N50°E, speed slow; began to close with schooner; signalled her to proceed to Kirkwall.

9.32am: straight course S62°E, full speed.

12.54pm: course N23°E; stopped at rendezvous with HMS Orotava and HMS Hildebrand.

2.15pm: 2 boats away for armed guards to Orotova.

3.05pm: boats returned.

3.10pm: set course S33°W.

4.00pm: commenced zigzagging pattern [see above] and darkened ship.

8.00pm: altered course to N80°E, speed 10 knots.

9.00pm: altered course to straight course N80°E.

Distance run 97½ miles.

4caf8c79cadfd341970366a1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-016_0.jpg)


26 December 1915

At patrol.

Lat 59.1, Long -8.8

[Wind mainly E force 4; sea moderate; overcast with drizzle; air temperature average 39°F; sea 43°F]

[Base courses N80°E and S84°W, straight and zigzagging to complex pattern, see log 14/12/15]

8.00am: commenced zigzagging pattern.

6.00pm: altered course to straight course S22°W, speed 15 knots.

9.00pm: navigation lights burning.

Coal remaining 747 tons.

Distance run 249½ miles.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366a2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-016_1.jpg)


27 December 1915

At patrol [en route to Liverpool]

Lat 55.4, Long -7.1

[Wind variable mainly E force 2-8; sea moderate; overcast with drizzle; air temperature average 40°F; sea 43°F]

3.38am: course S54°E full speed.

6.00am: commenced zigzagging pattern.

Soundings: 6.40am: 65 fathoms gravel and sand, 11.00am: 35 fathoms stones, 11.30am: 26 fathoms stones.

9.12am: straight course.

11.00am: unloaded forward guns.

[11.20am-noon: various courses mainly SE]

11.45am: Inishtrahull abeam.

1.04pm: Bull Point abeam.

1.50pm: altered course to S53°E; courses various through Sound of Rathlin.

2.30pm: Rue Point Light abeam.

2.50pm: Torr Point abeam 1 mile.

4.00pm: Maidens abeam 4½ miles.

5.35pm: Mew Island Light abeam.

6.20pm: Skulmartin Light abeam.

6.55pm: South Rock Light abeam 7 miles.

8.44pm: Chickens Light abeam 2 miles.

9.12pm: Langness abeam.

Distance run 352 miles.

4caf8c79cadfd341970366a3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-017_0.jpg)


28 December 1915


At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 42°F]

0.30am: Bar Light Vessel abeam; log hauled in.

0.49am: Formby Light Vessel abeam.

1.30am: Rock Light abeam.

1.35am: North Wall; pilot boarded.

1.43am: let go starboard anchor and port anchor.

2.00am: hove up anchors.

3.00am: anchored with 75 fathoms of cable with 14 fathoms of water-starboard anchor.

6.15am: piped leave to Port Watch.

7.00am: tender alongside, liberty men fell in.

7.17am: tender left with liberty men and postman.

10.00am: mails secured on board; hands covering boats and preparing coaling screens, painting and washing masts and funnels.

1.10pm: commenced heaving in cable.

1.45pm: anchor aweigh, engines as requisite and proceeded into dock.

1.52pm: made fast to tug.

2.10pm: entered Sandon Basin.

2.20pm: entered Sandon Dock.

2.55pm: heaving alongside berth.

3.40pm: ship alongside Sandon Dock.

7.30pm: commenced coaling.

10.00pm: ceased coaling for the day.

Distance run 203 miles.

4caf8c79cadfd341970366a4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-017_1.jpg)


29 December 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly E force 2-4; cloudy; air temperature average 39°F]

7.15am: resumed coaling.

8.00am: hands getting in stores, including 4 boxes of chart sets and ammunition.

10.00pm: ceased coaling for the day.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366a5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-018_0.jpg)


30 December 1915


At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SE force 2-4; cloudy; air temperature average 40°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling.

8.00am: hands painting ship’s sides.

10.00pm: ceased coaling for the day.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366a6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-018_1.jpg)


31 December 1915

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable mainly W force 4; cloudy; air temperature average 42°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling.

8.00am: hands painting ship and taking in provisions.

11.15am: read Warrant No. [not specified]

3.00pm: taking in pig iron ballast for No.1 hold.

9.30pm: ceased coaling for the day.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366a7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd341970366a8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd341970366a9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd341970366aa: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd341970366ab: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd341970366ac: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67710/ADM 53-67710-021_1.jpg)



THE VOYAGES OF HMS VIRGINIAN 1916

JP map Verginian 1916

LOGS FOR JANUARY 1916


4caf8c79cadfd341970366ad: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd341970366ae: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd341970366af: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd341970366b0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c79cadfd341970366b1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c79cadfd341970366b2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-003_1.jpg)


1 January 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly WSW force 3-5; overcast with drizzle; air temperature average 42°F]

10.45am: ceased coaling.

11.00am: 2 loads of sand arrived.

11.00am: read Warrant No.33.

2.15pm: stopped coaling.

2.20pm: tightened moorings.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366b3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-004_0.jpg)


2 January 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly WSW force 2; overcast with rain; air temperature average 42°F]

7.00am: Port Watch long leave men on board.

10.15am: church parties fall in.

10.55am: Roman Catholics fall in.

11.30am: 1 Gunner RM arrived from HMS Eagle.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366b4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-004_1.jpg)


3 January 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly WSW force 3; cloudy then broken cloud; air temperature average 41°F]

7.45am: resumed coaling.

Noon: stopped coaling for dinner.

1.00pm: working party taking in deck stores and provisions.

10.00pm: ceased coaling for the day.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366b5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-005_0.jpg)


4 January 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly WSW force 3-5; cloudy; air temperature average 45°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling.

2.45pm: commenced to haul ship across dock.

5.00pm: made fast alongside HMS Himalaya.

7.00pm: 2 boys joined ship from Portsmouth.

9.00pm: 2 marines joined ship.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366b6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-005_1.jpg)


5 January 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly WSW and SW force 2; broken cloud; air temperature average 43°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling.

10.10am: finished coaling from side bunkers No.2 hatch; all coaling finished.

2.00pm: hands employed bringing on board sand and stores and painting ship’s sides.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366b7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-006_0.jpg)


6 January 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SW force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 44°F]

7.30am: 2 boys left ship for RNB Portsmouth.

8.30am: shifted ship across dock alongside SS [most likely] Benue.

10.00am: ship made fast.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366b8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-006_1.jpg)


7 January 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly WSW force 2-5; overcast with drizzle; air temperature average 39°F]

6.54am: Sergeant Major [or Surgeon Major ?] joined ship.

11.00am: Defaulters; Warrants Nos. 34 and 35 read. Tibbett T--- [unreadable here]

3.00pm: hands fall in; read Warrant No. [unspecified] read.

10.00pm: pilot on board.

11.00pm: pilot left; shipped 2 firemen.



4caf8c79cadfd341970366b9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-007_0.jpg)


8 January 1916

At Liverpool [and en route to patrol ground]

Lat 53.9, Long -4.7

[Wind mainly WNW force 4-5; sea (pm only) moderate; cloudy; air temperature average 40°F; sea (pm only) 42°F]

11.00am: pilot came on board.

11.30am: tugs alongside.

12.45pm: let go moorings, left berth; tugs in attendance.

12.55pm: entered Sandon Basin.

1.55pm: entered river, engines as required; discharged tugs.

2.15pm: Rock Light abeam.

3.00pm: discharged pilot at Formby Lightship; full speed, course N61°W.

3.25pm: Bar Light Vessel abeam; log streamed; set course N44°W, zigzagging on complex pattern [see above]

6.30pm: straight course.

6.45pm: Chicken Rock Light bearing N32°W.

8.15pm: Chicken Rock Light abeam 5½ miles.

10.18pm: South Rock Light Vessel abeam.

10.47pm: burning dim navigation lights.

11.25pm: Black Head bore N17°E.

Coal remaining 3318 tons.

4caf8c79cadfd341970366ba: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-007_1.jpg)


9 January 1916

At sea [en route to patrol ground].

Lat 55.5, Long -8.6

[Wind NNW backing SW force 5; sea moderate; overcast with mist and drizzle; air temperature average 44°F; sea 43°F]

0.22am: Black Head Light abeam 2 miles.

1.05am: Corsewall Point abeam.

2.37am: Sanda Light abeam 3 miles; altered course to NW.

2.45am: courses various and engines to Commander’s order while passing Mull of Cantyre.

3.05am: Mull of Cantyre abeam 1 mile.

4.05am: course N55°W.

5.10am: Oversay Light abeam 5 miles.

6.33am: Inishtrahull abeam.

8.35am: commenced zigzagging pattern

Soundings: 11.00am: 66 fathoms sand, noon: 70 fathoms gravel and shells.

3.15pm: altered course to straight course N23°E.

9.26pm: altered course to N3°W.

0.00am: course N69°E.

Distance run 278 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366bb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-008_0.jpg)


10 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 58.5, Long -8.4

[Wind NNW to force 8; sea rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 44°F; sea 43°F]

5.00am: reprimanded Engineer Sub Lieutenant Frederick Leonard RNR for negligently performing his duty [signed by Sub Lt. Leonard]

8.35am: course N3°E but steaming N3°W for leeway.

9.00am: reduced speed to 12 knots; threw away lifebuoy light as it caught fire.

9.45am: altered course to WNW; hove to and speed slow because of heavy squalls.

7.00pm: Warrant No. 36 read cells Wainwright [unclear here]

Distance run 260½ miles.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366bc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-008_1.jpg)


11 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.5, Long -9.1

[Wind mainly N force 7-3; sea rough to moderate; cloudy with early squalls; air temperature average 42°F; sea 47°F]

2.45am: altered course to straight course N35°W to keep ship’s head to wind.

7.55am: 2 3.4 guns loaded-half cock.

8.00am straight course ESE.

9.08am: altered course to straight course N59°E.

1.20pm: course S3°W; commenced zigzagging pattern.

4.00pm: course N2°E zigzagging.

8.00pm: straight course S2°W.

Distance run 100 miles.

4caf8c79cadfd341970366bd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-009_0.jpg)


12 January 1916

At patrol.*

Lat 59.6, Long -8.5

[Wind S force 5 then NW to force 9; sea moderate becoming very rough; cloudy with drizzle then squalls; air temperature average 46°F; sea 47°F]

[Base courses S2°W and N3°E, straight and zigzagging pattern (see above)]

8.30am: commenced zigzagging pattern.

9.30am: straight course; reduced speed to 10 knots; 4° leeway.

5.30pm: steering engine broke down; heading N34°E.

7.00pm: steering engine repaired and tested; ship bore to heading NNW.

Distance run 253 miles.


*[Note: Virginian is now on “C” Patrol, south of the Faroes.]


4caf8c79cadfd341970366be: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-009_1.jpg)


13 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.2, Long -9.4

[Wind mainly N (NNW and NNE) force 8 reducing; sea rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 38°F; sea 45°F]

[Base courses NNW and SSE, straight]

9.16am: straight course N30°E.

11.30am: straight course S5°E.

[S3°E and N2°W on 4-hour pattern]

Number on sick list: 1.

Distance run 107½ miles.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366bf: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-010_0.jpg)


14 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.1, Long -9.2

[Wind SSW veering to W force 6-7; sea rough; overcast with drizzle and mist; air temperature average 46°F; sea 46°F]

[Base courses S2°W and N3°E, straight]

5.25am: 5° leeway.

4.00pm: course N3°E, 8° for leeway.

4.10pm: darkened ship; burning navigation lights.

9.30pm: forward No. 3 gangway bulwark port side stove in.

11.50pm: hove to, course NW½W; speed slow.

Distance run 248 miles.*


*[Note: it was reported to the Admiralty that winds reached hurricane force on this day. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 351.]


4caf8c79cadfd341970366c0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-010_1.jpg)


15 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.2, Long -9.2

[Wind NW veering N force 6-7 then reducing; sea rough; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 41°F; sea 43°F]

[Base courses S2°W and N3°E, straight]

3.00am: wind and sea hauling to northward; course N35°W.

8.50am: half speed; altered course to N60°E.

10.25am: challenged HMS Patuca.

Distance run 169 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366c1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-011_0.jpg)


16 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.1, Long -9.5

[Wind W and WSW force 4-5; sea moderate; overcast with drizzle; air temperature average 46°F; sea 45°F]

[Base courses S2°W and N3°E, straight and zigzag later]

9.45am: divisions and Captain’s inspection.

11.30am: took off leeway.

5.30pm: altered course to S60°W to close with steamer.

5.45pm: altered course to N80°E; approaching SS Bergensfjord.

6.00pm: stopped and away boarding boat with armed guard.

6.50pm: boarding boat returned.

6.52pm: half speed; steamer sent to Kirkwall with armed guard.*

7.00pm: set course N3°E, zigzagging 40° each side, speed 13 knots.

Distance run 234½ miles.


*[Note: Bergensfjord was intercepted in Lat 59°41’N, Long 9°00’W. Her master lodged a protest at being sent to Kirkwall. Shortly before being boarded, she was heard sending a warning message to SS New Sweden. She was not detained at Kirkwall, and New Sweden was not intercepted. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 351-2.]


4caf8c79cadfd341970366c2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-011_1.jpg)


17 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.9, Long -9.1

[Wind WSW backing to SE force 4; sea moderate; overcast with mist; air temperature average 46°F; sea 45°F]

0.00am: course N3°E, zigzagging 40° each side.

5.27am: straight course S2°W.

9.47am: commenced circling to port.

11.07am: altered course to N16°E; challenged HMS Patia.

1.00pm: resumed straight courses N16°E and N38°E.

Soundings: 3.55pm: 110 fathoms no bottom, 4.30pm: 78 fathoms sand, 5.35pm: 55 fathoms sand and shells.

11.00pm: sighted Myggenaes Light abeam 10 miles.

Distance run 267 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366c3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-012_0.jpg)


18 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.9, Long -5.2

[Wind ESE veering to WSW force 2-4; sea moderate to slight; cloudy with rain; air temperature average 45°F; sea 43°F]

0.00am: straight course N57°E.

10.08am: helm amidships; stopped centre turbine (see engines log).

10.15am: stopped port turbine, full starboard.

10.25am: stopped starboard turbine; ship’s head SE.

10.50am: half speed, course N57°E.

1.00pm: straight course S21°W.

Distance run 265 miles.

4caf8c79cadfd341970366c4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-012_1.jpg)


19 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 64.1, Long -5.0

[Wind SSW force 4-7; sea moderate to rough; cloudy; air temperature average 41°F; sea 42°F]

[Base courses N23°E and S21°W straight courses]

9.45am: out target; commenced circling.

10.10am: lost target; hands employed overhauling boats’ gear; midshipmen and boys splicing.

1.00am: 5° leeway on course S21°W.

3.30pm: leeway taken off.

7.00pm: 5° leeway.

Number on sick list: 1.

Distance run 239 miles.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366c5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-013_0.jpg)


20 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.9, Long -4.9

[Wind SSW veering to NNW force 6-7; sea rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 38°F; sea 38°F]

[Base courses N23°E and S21°W straight courses]

7.00am: basin broken in engineers’ bathroom; ship rolling heavily.

1.05pm: altered course to WNW.

5.00pm: altered course to N80°W.

Distance run 180½ miles.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366c6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-013_1.jpg)


21 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 64.2, Long -5.0

[Wind mainly SSE veering W force 6-7; sea rough to very rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 38°F; sea 38°F]

0.00am: course N80°W, hove to.

3.30am: speed 4 knots.

5.30am: altered course to ESE, speed 10 knots.

7.45am: position: 63°44’N, 5°25’W.

9.05am: boys at rifle drill, 2 deck men at short-range rifle practice.

2.05pm: altered course to S31°W; ship hove to.

8.05pm: altered course to W.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 112½ miles.


4caf8c79cadfd341970366c7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-014_0.jpg)


22 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.9, Long -5.2

[Wind mainly NW and W force 6-7 reducing; sea rough to moderate; cloudy with early squalls; air temperature average 39°F; sea 38°F]

3.00am: steering N80°E.

7-8.00am: stellar obs. 63°36’N, 6°07’W.

8.50am: altered course to N76°E, half speed.

4.33pm: stellar obs. 63°38’N, 4°53’W.

9.00pm: 3° allowed for leeway.

Distance run 80 miles


4caf8c7acadfd341970366c8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-014_1.jpg)


23 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 64.2, Long -5.0

[Wind mainly W backing S force 6-7; sea becoming rough; overcast; air temperature average 40°F; sea 39°F]

[Base courses N23°E and S21°W straight courses]

4.15am: course S21°W, 5° for leeway.

9.45am: Captain’s inspection.

4.10pm: half speed.

Distance run 237 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366c9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-015_0.jpg)


24 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.9, Long -5.2

[Wind mainly SW force 6-8; sea very rough; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 38°F; sea 38°F]

[Base courses N23°E and S21°W straight courses but hove to and unable to keep to course plan]

5.20am: altered course to S70°W, speed slow.

8.00am: stellar obs. 63°57’N, 5°00’N.

9.30am: speed 7 knots.

2.00pm: altered course to S80°W, ship’s head to sea.

Distance run 154 miles.



4caf8c7acadfd341970366ca: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-015_1.jpg)


25 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.8, Long -6.0

[Wind mainly W force 6-8; sea very rough; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 38°F; sea 38°F]

[Base courses N23°E, S80°W and S21°W straight courses but unable to keep to course plan]

4.00am: course W, speed 8 knots.

6.30am: speed 6 knots.

4.00pm: 4° leeway; hands cleaning ship.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 78 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366cb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-016_0.jpg)


26 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.6, Long -5.5

[Wind mainly NW force 4-6; sea rough; cloudy with snow squalls; air temperature average 32°F; sea 37°F]

[Base courses N23°E and S21°W straight courses but unable to keep to course plan]

4.00am: 4° for leeway.

7.45am: altered course to NW; brought ship’s head to sea; speed slow.

8.00am: hands cleaning ship and clearing snow off decks.

9.30am: hands mustering kits and scraping ice off decks.

4.00pm: hands exercised at collision stations.

4.30pm: Warrant No. 37 read for confinement in cells.

9.00pm: altered course to S.

Distance run 194 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366cc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-016_1.jpg)


27 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.8, Long -4.7

[Wind WNW backing to SW force 4-6; sea moderate to rough; cloudy; air temperature average 40°F; sea 40°F]

[Base courses N23°E and S21°W straight courses but unable to keep to course plan]

9.30am: general quarters; out target.

9.40am: commenced target practice.

11.00am: in target; set course E.

Distance run 179 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366cd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-017_0.jpg)


28 January 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.5, Long -2.4

[Wind SSW force 6; sea moderate to rough; cloudy; air temperature average 43°F; sea 43°F]

[Base courses N21°E and S17-19°W straight courses]

9.45am: hands cleaning ship, overhauling boats; boys to seamanship, midshipmen to revolver practice.

6.00pm: daymen employed preparing coaling gear.

10.00pm: full speed course S19°W.

Number on sick list: 3

Coal remaining 1285 tons.

Distance run 240 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366ce: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-017_1.jpg)


29 January 1916

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind mainly SSW force 6 reducing; sea moderate; cloudy; air temperature average 48°F; sea 47°F]

0.00am: straight course S19°W.

3.45am: sounding: 120 fathoms no bottom.

4.20am: sounding: 70 fathoms sand.

5.00am: sighted: Esha Ness Light bearing SE¼E.

6.15am: course S78°E; Esha Ness Light abeam 12½ miles.

7.30am: Muckle Roe Light abeam.

7.46am: passed boom defence.

8.06am: anchored at No.1 berth.

8.35am: collier Sir Francis [Drake?] alongside port side; commenced coaling to Nos. 2 and 3 hatches.

9.45am: collier Hebburn alongside starboard side.

10.50am: commenced coaling starboard side.

Noon: commenced coaling side pockets; colliers’ gear examined and found to be in working order.

1.00pm: Starboard Watch and Gibraltar party coaling ship.

4.00pm: HMS Patuca left.

6.00pm: ceased coaling; Gibraltar party left; Starboard Watch trimming No. 3 hold.

7.00pm: ceased work.

Distance run 230 miles.

4caf8c7acadfd341970366cf: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-018_0.jpg)


30 January 1916

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind mainly W and NW force 4; overcast with drizzle; air temperature average 45°F]

7.00am: shifted collier Hebburn so as to get No. 4 hatch opposite side to No. 3.

7.45am: Starboard Watch fell in to coal ship.

8.00am: Gibraltar party arrived.

8.20am: let go port anchor with 20 fathoms of cable.

11.30am: finished discharging collier Hebburn.

11.45am: collier Hebburn left.

12.50pm: made fast collier Dalewood alongside.

1.20pm: commenced coaling with Port Watch.

4.00pm: port anchor weighed.

5.15pm: finished coaling-1500 tons.

5.25pm: Gibraltar party left ship.

5.30pm: collier left ship.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366d0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-018_1.jpg)


31 January 1916

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind SW force 1-3; cloudy; air temperature average 45°F]

[Hands cleaning and preparing ship to leave]


4caf8c7acadfd341970366d1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c7acadfd341970366d2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c7acadfd341970366d3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c7acadfd341970366d4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c7acadfd341970366d5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c7acadfd341970366d6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67711/ADM 53-67711-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR FEBRUARY 1916


4caf8c7acadfd341970366d7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c7acadfd341970366d8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c7acadfd341970366d9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c7acadfd341970366da: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c7acadfd341970366db: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c7acadfd341970366dc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-003_1.jpg)


1 February 1916


At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind SW force 3; overcast with rain; air temperature average 45°F]

6.55am: trawler collided with rowing boat on our port beam; called away lifeboat to assist in search of man overboard.

7.27: boat returned-unsuccessful.

12.15pm: Nos. 3 and 13 boats sent to assist in recovering body.

3.15pm: boats returned and hoisted.

3.55pm: commenced to heave in cable.

4.05pm: anchor weighed, proceeded out of harbour, engines as requisite.

4.25pm: passed boom defence.

4.35pm: Muckle Roe Light abeam; course N32°W, full speed.

5.13pm: Esha Ness Light abeam 3½ miles.

6.00pm: course N37°E, reduced speed to 12 knots.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366dd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-004_0.jpg)


2 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 61.6, Long -1.0

[Wind variable mainly SW force 7-4; sea moderate to rough; overcast with squalls and rain; air temperature average 44°F;sea 45°F]

[Base courses S19°W and N19°E, straight with some zigzagging 4° later 28° each side]

2.00am: zigzagging 4 points.

3.00am: S19°W straight course.

10.00am: commenced zigzagging 28° each side.

10.25am: sounding: 100 fathoms sand.

2.00pm: hands employed overhauling boat gear and chipping iron rust.

6.00pm: altered course to N45°W.

Distance run 213 miles.

4caf8c7acadfd341970366de: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-004_1.jpg)


3 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.4, Long -6.8

[Wind mainly SSW, SE later force 5-6; sea moderate becoming rough; overcast with drizzle; air temperature average 39°F, sea 42°F]

[Straight courses mainly N72°W and S 80°E]

Coal remaining 2230 tons.

Number 3 on sick list: 3.

Distance run 316 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366df: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-005_0.jpg)


4 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.4, Long -4.9

[Wind mainly SE, SSW later force 5-6; sea moderate; cloudy and overcast with drizzle; air temperature average 42°F, sea 42°F]

[Straight courses mainly N75°W and S49°E]

6.29pm: Lat by Polaris 63°19’N, Long by Planet Venus 9°48’W.

Distance run 232 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366e0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-005_1.jpg)


5 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.4, Long -7.6

[Wind mainly SW force 5-6; sea moderate; cloudy and overcast with some squalls; air temperature average 42°F, sea 43°F]

[Straight courses mainly N75°W and S79°E]

7.15am: position by star observation: Lat 63°33’N, Long 6°15½’W.

Distance run 208 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366e1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-006_0.jpg)


6 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.8, Long -5.8

[Wind mainly SW force 4-8; sea moderate becoming rough; cloudy and overcast with some squalls; air temperature average 43°F, sea 44°F]

[Straight courses mainly N75°W and S49°E]

9.45am: divisions and Captain’s inspection.

10.30am: full speed.

12.40pm: sounding: 120 fathoms no bottom.

2.20pm: sighted Fuglo Island East End.

3.00pm: stopped: Fuglo E End bearing S26°W, Viders [Vidoy] bearing N82°W.

3.05pm: boat away to Hilary for mail.

3.25pm: boat returned: set course N78°W, speed 10 knots.

Distance run 205 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366e2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-006_1.jpg)


7 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.4, Long -7.1

[Wind mainly WSW force 5-7; sea rough; cloudy and overcast with some squalls; air temperature average 39°F, sea 43°F]

[Straight courses mainly N75°W and S49°E]

11.00am: defaulters.

4.00pm: evening quarters: exercised “abandon ship”; Warrant No. 38 read; one good conduct badge taken off.

Distance run 213½ miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366e3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-007_0.jpg)


8 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.4, Long -7.0

[Wind variable WSW through to NNE force 6 reducing to force 2; sea rough reducing to moderate; cloudy and overcast with some squalls; air temperature average 38°F, sea 43°F]

[Straight courses mainly N75°W and S79°E]

9.50am: physical drill; midshipmen to spotting table.

11.00am: defaulters; marines at small arms drill.

5.33pm: star navigation: Lat 63°16’N, Long 8°35’W.

Distance run 195½ miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366e4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-007_1.jpg)


9 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.2, Long -8.2

[Wind NE then NW force 4-6; sea moderate becoming rough; cloudy and overcast with some squalls; air temperature average 37°F, sea 43°F]

[Straight courses mainly N75°W and S79°E]

Distance run 220½ miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366e5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-008_0.jpg)


10 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.3, Long -8.3

[Wind variable NW to SSE force 6-3-6; sea moderate to slight; cloudy and overcast with some squalls; air temperature average 38°F, sea 43°F]

[Straight courses mainly N75°W and S79°E]

11.00am: sighted and challenged HMS Victorian.

Distance run 223 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366e6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-008_1.jpg)


11 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.1, Long -8.1

[Wind variable ESE then mainly W force 6-7 reducing to force 4; sea rough reducing to moderate to slight; cloudy and overcast with some drizzle; air temperature average 38°F, sea 43°F]

[Straight courses mainly N75°W and S79°E, but commenced zigzagging later]

9.35am: sudden shift of wind to west.

10.00pm: commenced zigzagging 33' each side of course.

Distance run 229½ miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366e7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-009_0.jpg)


12 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.3, Long -6.3

[Wind variable mainly WSW force 6-2; sea moderate to slight; cloudy and overcast; air temperature average 40°F, sea 43°F]

[Base courses mainly N75°W and S79°E, but zigzagging 33° either side of course earlier and later]

Coal remaining 1281 tons.

Distance run 246 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366e8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-009_1.jpg)


13 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.2, Long -5.6

[Wind variable SW veering to NW rising to force 8; sea slight becoming very rough; cloudy with frequent squalls; air temperature average 40°F, sea 43°F]

[Straight courses mainly N75°W and S79°E]

7.18am: Lat 63°28’N, Long 5°47’W by star observation.

Distance run 225 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366e9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-010_0.jpg)


14 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.2, Long -7.5

[Wind variable mainly W and S force 7 reducing; sea very rough becoming slight; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 39°F, sea 43°F]

[Straight courses mainly N75°W and S79°E, zigzagging later]

9.45am: boys to seamanship, Red Watch to gunnery drill, rest of hands repairing coal bunkers.

8.00pm: commenced zigzagging 33° either side of course.

Distance run 137 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366ea: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-010_1.jpg)


15 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long -6.2

[Wind variable mainly SW force 2-3; sea slight; cloudy; air temperature average 39°F, sea 42°F]

[Straight courses mainly S72°E, with some zigzagging at times]

8.00am: sighted HMSs Teutonic and Victorian.

8.20am: commenced zigzagging 33° either side of course.

9.50am: stopped engines to rendezvous with HMS Teutonic.

10.05am: Teutonic’s boat alongside.

10.15am: boat away.

10.20am: set course S72°E, half speed.

10.40am: resumed zigzagging.

12.50pm: courses various whilst circling round Danish Ketch Sudorny [?] (TN36).

1.00pm: stopped; out boarding boat.

1.30pm: allowed ketch to proceed; boat returned; proceeded on course S72°E, zigzagging 33° speed 13 knots.

Distance run 239 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366eb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-011_0.jpg)


16 February 1916

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind variable force 3-4; cloudy with snow; air temperature average 38°F]

[Courses various to enter harbour]

4.00am: full speed, zigzagging.

5.40am: sighted Esha Ness S28°E.

7.05am: Esha Ness light abeam 3 miles.

8.00am: passed boom defence.

8.05am: duty boat away with postman.

8.25am: let go starboard anchor; 60 fathoms of cable in 23 fathoms of water; at No. 4 berth Olna Firth.

10.30am: liberty men fell in.

1.00pm: commenced to heave in cable; made fast to tugboat.

1.15pm: anchor weighed; proceeded to Busta Voe.

2.00pm: let go port anchor; 45 fathoms of cable in 17 fathoms of water.

3.40pm: let go starboard anchor with 45 fathoms of cable.

5.45pm: all boats out of the water.

7.00pm: bearings: flagstaff N9°W, Burgastoo Rock N60°W, Hardin Ness S12°W. Bearings frequently verified and soundings taken astern.

Distance run 266 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366ec: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-011_1.jpg)


17 February 1916

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind NW force 3-5; cloudy with snow showers; air temperature average 40°F]

1.00am: anchor watch strictly kept, bearings taken and soundings over the stern.

7.30am: collier Barmoor came alongside starboard side.

8.30am: collier Towneley came alongside port side.

8.45am: hands fell in for coaling ship.

9.00am: commenced coaling from port side collier.

9.30am: coaling into starboard side pocket.

10.10am: coaling into port side pocket; colliers’ gear examined and found to be in working order.

1.30pm: turned colliers around; starboard collier Barmoor damaged accommodation ladder whilst turning; port collier Towneley damaged ship’s side; frame bent; plate and several rivets sheered and plate cracked.

5.00pm: finished discharging port collier.

5.45pm: colliers left.

6.00pm: ceased coaling; 797 tons of coal taken in.

Anchor watch kept through the night.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366ed: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-012_0.jpg)


18 February 1916

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind N “light airs”; cloudy; air temperature average 35°F]

6.00am: ship slewed from N to SW.

7.37am: collier Norton alongside port-side.

7.40am: Gibraltar men aboard.

7.50am: resumed coaling from both colliers.

2.20pm: finished coaling; 703 tons taken in, total 1500 tons; Gibraltar party left ship.

3.00pm: port-side collier Norton left ship.

3.10pm: starboard-side collier Barmoor left ship.

4.00pm: hands fell in to wash down.

7.10pm: HMS Duke of Cornwall arrived.

8.05pm: water boat alongside.

8.15pm: HMS Otway left.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366ee: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-012_1.jpg)


19 February 1916

At Busta Voe and departing for patrol ground.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind variable and calm; cloudless; air temperature average 34°F]

7.40am: HMS Andes arrived.

8.30 to 9.30am: Roman Catholics to church.

5.20pm: armed guards for HMS Alcantara on board.

5.35pm: HMS Motagua left.

5.45pm: commenced heaving in cable.

5.55pm: anchor weighed and slow ahead proceeded out of harbour.

6.20pm: passed boom defence; full speed.

6.27pm: Muckle Roe Light abeam; set course N22°W.

6.35pm: commenced zigzagging pattern [see log 14th December 1915 above]

7.05pm: Esha Ness Light abeam 3 miles.

9.00pm: altered course to N20°E zigzagging.

11.00pm: reduced speed to 13 knots.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366ef: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-013_0.jpg)


20 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.0, Long -0.5

[Wind W veering to NW force 3-5; sea moderate to slight; some snow squalls; air temperature average 39°F, sea 43°F]

[Straight courses mainly N42°W and S75°E, but some zigzagging]

9.50am: altered course to S28°E; full speed to intercept steamer.

10.15am: sounded ‘action’.

10.25am: ‘cease fire’.

10.30am: steamer proved to be ammunition carrier Eleanor.

10.40am: sighted vessel bearing SE; HMS Changuinola.

11.35am: altered course to E.

12.45pm: sighted HMS Alcantara.

1.15pm: stopped.

1.20pm: boat from Alcantara alongside for armed guard.

1.25pm: boat left.

Distance run 245 miles.

4caf8c7acadfd341970366f0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-013_1.jpg)


21 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.5, Long -4.4

[Wind NNW force 5-6; sea moderate; some snow squalls; air temperature average 34°F, sea 39°F]

[Straight courses mainly N36-N40°W and S79°E]

9.45am: 60 cylinders of cordite thrown overboard on account of reaching age limit.

3.30pm: altered course to S33°E to close with barque.

4.15pm: altered course to S10°W; fired one round blank from port six pounder.

4.20pm: course and speed various whilst getting into position to board Norwegian Barque Snespurven.

4.35pm: dead slow.

4.45pm: stopped; boarding boat away.

5.45pm: boat returned; barque allowed to proceed.

Distance run 274½ miles.

4caf8c7acadfd341970366f1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-014_0.jpg)


22 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 64.1, Long -10.3

[Wind NNW backing SW force 3-4; sea slight; cloudy; air temperature average 39°F, sea 43°F]

[Straight courses mainly N75°W and S78°E]

9.30am: dropped target; circling around target, carrying out 1'' aiming rifle practice.

10.40am: target on board.

12 midnight commenced zigzagging 33° either side.

Number on sick list: 2.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366f2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-014_1.jpg)


23 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.7, Long -9.4

[Wind mainly SW force 3-4; sea slight; cloudy with some mist; air temperature average 43°F, sea 44°F]

[Mainly zigzagging to pattern; courses mainly N75°W and S79°E]

9.30am: target practice.

10.30am: boarding boat away to pick up target.

Distance run 288 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366f3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-015_0.jpg)


24 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.9, Long -7.8

[Wind mainly WSW force 3-4; sea slight; mainly overcast; air temperature average 42°F, sea 43°F]

[Mainly zigzagging to pattern; courses mainly N75°W and S79°E]

9.30am: hands repairing coal baskets and overhauling boat gear.

Noon: commenced Virginian zigzag*

9.00pm: carrying out Motagua zigzag and Virginian zigzag alternatively.

Distance run 309 miles.


*[Note: this may have just the way the log was written, but it also implies that this ship had its own distinctive pattern of zigzagging, which makes sense from a security point of view. The 9.00pm entry explains the difference in pattern. For details of the ‘Motagua’ pattern, see log entry for December 14th 1915 above. The ‘Virginian’ zigzag is a less complicated deviation of 33° either side of straight, but with a variation in time periods spent on each leg.]


4caf8c7acadfd341970366f4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-015_1.jpg)


25 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 64.0, Long -9.7

[Wind mainly SW veering to NW force 3-5; sea slight; mainly overcast and broken cloud; air temperature average 43°F, sea 44°F]

[Mainly zigzagging to pattern, but alternating and varying the patterns as noted above; courses mainly N75°W and S79°E]

7.12pm: position by star obs. Lat. 63°56’N, Long. 12°57’W.

Distance run 314 miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366f5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-016_0.jpg)


26 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 64.5, Long -13.0

[Wind mainly SW force 3-4; sea slight; mainly overcast; air temperature average 43°F, sea 44°F]

[Straight courses and zigzagging to ‘Virginian’ pattern, courses mainly N18°W and S21°E]

10.25am: sounding: 120 fathoms no bottom.

1.15pm: hands make and mend clothes.*

Distance run 294 miles.

*[Note; the traditional way of indicating that crew members had some free time.]


4caf8c7acadfd341970366f6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-016_1.jpg)


27 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 64.5, Long -12.8

[Wind mainly S force 2-4; sea slight; mainly cloudy and overcast; air temperature average 42°F, sea 44°F]

[Straight courses and zigzagging to ‘Virginian’ pattern, courses mainly N18°W and S21°E, but with a number of course changes for short periods]

10.30am: sounding: 120 fathoms no bottom.

11.05: sounding: 110 fathoms gravel.

12.25pm: altered course to S76°E to close with vessel.

1.45pm: altered course to S14°W; ship found to be Norwegian barque Snespurven which had been before boarded - allowed to proceed.

11.00pm: altered course to S25°W; full speed.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366f7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-017_0.jpg)


28 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.6, Long -11.8

[Wind variable SSE, E and N force 2-4; sea slight to smooth; mainly cloudy and overcast; air temperature average 44°F, sea 46°F]

[Straight courses mainly S25°W en route to Liverpool]

Speed 14-15 knots.

Distance run 349½ miles.


4caf8c7acadfd341970366f8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-017_1.jpg)


29 February 1916

At patrol.

Lat 55.6, Long -9.3

[Wind mainly NE force 4-6; sea moderate; mainly cloudy and overcast; air temperature average 43°F, sea 47°F]

[Straight courses mainly SW and SE en route to Liverpool, some zigzagging]

7.00am: commenced zigzagging 33° in ‘Motagua’ pattern

11.00am: sounding: 110 fathoms no bottom, 11.50am: 90 fathoms.

1.00pm: Bloody Foreland bearing SSE.

1.35pm: Tory Island bearing S12°E.*

2.10pm: Tory Island Lighthouse abeam 14 miles.

3.13pm: Inishtrahull bearing ESE.

4.16pm: Inishtrahull Lighthouse abeam 5 miles.

6.00 to 6.48pm: courses various through Rathlin Sound.

6.30pm: Rue Point abeam.

6.48pm: Torr Point abeam 1 mile.

8.00pm: Maidens Light abeam 4½ miles.

9.00pm: Mew Island Light abeam 1½ miles.

9.40pm: Skulmartin Light Vessel abeam 4 miles.

10.10pm: South Rock Light Vessel abeam 6 miles.

10.20pm: altered course to S.

11.35pm: Chickens Rock Light abeam.


*[Note: ships of the Northern Patrol were often routed around the west and south of Tory Island to avoid the remains of the German minefield to the north-east of Tory Island which had already claimed one of their number, HMS Viknor, as well as the Dreadnought HMS Audacious and several merchant ships. Orders to use this route were re-affirmed on March 16th 1916. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 397.]


4caf8c7acadfd341970366f9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-018_0.jpg)

4caf8c7acadfd341970366fa: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-018_1.jpg)

4caf8c7acadfd341970366fb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c7acadfd341970366fc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c7acadfd341970366fd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd341970366fe: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67712/ADM 53-67712-020_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR MARCH 1916


4caf8c7bcadfd341970366ff: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036700: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036701: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036702: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036703: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036704: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-003_1.jpg)


1 March 1916

At Birkenhead.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NE force 2; sea slight; mainly overcast with mist and drizzle; air temperature average 42°F, sea 42°F]

[Straight courses mainly SE and then at pilot’s orders]

0.19am: Chickens Light abeam 3 miles; altered course to NNW.

0.45am: altered course to S45°E.

1.10am: Chickens Light abeam 3 miles [sic]

4.45am: sighted Bar Light Vessel S75°E; altered course to S75°E; sounding:15 fathoms stones.

5.30am: Bar Light Vessel abeam; courses various.

5.55am: pilot boarded at Formby Light Vessel.

6.48am: Rock Light abeam.

7.30am: tug Otter made fast forward; tug Albert aft; proceeded to dock.

8.12am: entering Albert Dock Birkenhead.

8.31am: bearing alongside.

8.40am: made fast in Albert Basin; liberty men ashore until 11pm.

-pm: hands employed painting.

4.30pm: Albert coal lighters came alongside.

Distance run 273 miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036705: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-004_0.jpg)


2 March 1916

At Birkenhead, Albert Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NE force 2; mainly overcast with some snow; air temperature average 31°F]

8.30am: HMS Orcoma left dock for river.

9.30am: discharged 1 rating to RN Barracks Portsmouth; hands employed taking in stores and painting ship’s sides.

5.45pm: T. Campion (Fireman) brought aboard by police.

8.00pm: TBD HMS Dee left dock.

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036706: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-004_1.jpg)


3 March 1916

At Birkenhead, Albert Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NE force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 31°F rising to 39°F later]

9.00am: resumed coaling starboard side.

1.00pm: commenced coaling port side.

4.15pm: aerial defence stations examined.

9.00pm: ceased coaling for the day.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036707: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-005_0.jpg)


4 March 1916

At Birkenhead, Albert Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable and calm; cloudless; air temperature average 35°F]

10.30am: HMS Andes entered dock.

[During this period, the men are employed painting and maintaining the ship, and coaling continues throughout the days, and various groups are given liberty.]


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036708: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-005_1.jpg)


5 March 1916


At Birkenhead, Albert Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable and calm; overcast; air temperature average 35°F]

7.00am: hauled ship to get out lighter.

10.15-11.40am: church parties left and returned.

4.00pm: exercised aerial guards.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036709: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-006_0.jpg)


6 March 1916

At Birkenhead, Albert Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly N force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 35°F]

2.00pm: lost overboard 1 box of 1” ammunition by accident whilst taking in stores.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703670a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-006_1.jpg)


7 March 1916

At Birkenhead, Albert Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NE force 3; cloudy; air temperature average 32°F]

2.00pm: lost overboard 1 box of 1” ammunition by accident whilst taking in stores. [sic: one also lost the previous day.]


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703670b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-007_0.jpg)


8 March 1916

At Birkenhead, Albert Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NE force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 32°F]

2.00pm: HMS Otway arrived.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703670c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-007_1.jpg)


9 March 1916

At Birkenhead, Albert Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NE force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 33°F]

7.15am: 21 ratings from RN Depot Portsmouth joined ship.

8.20am: 19 ratings discharged to RN Depot; 2 ratings from Whale Island joined ship.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703670d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-008_0.jpg)


10 March 1916


At Birkenhead, Albert Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NE veering E force 2; cloudy with some snow; air temperature average 36°F]

8.00am: reprimanded John Herbert Blackburn, Temporary Surgeon Probationer RNVR, for conduct prejudicial to good order and naval discipline. [counter-signed by JH Blackburn]

1.30pm: singled in moorings.

2.00pm: hauled out of berth with assistance of tug Forward..

2.40pm: entered river; engines as requisite; cast off tug.

3.08pm: let go starboard anchor; 60 fathoms of cable in 12 fathoms of water off Princes Landing Stage; tug Bison in attendance.

9.35pm: ship swinging to ebb tide.

Bearings: Wallasey Stage South End: S33°W, Princes Landing Stage South End: S56°E, Ship’s Head: SxE.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703670e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-008_1.jpg)


11 March 1916

At Liverpool, at anchor in the River Mersey.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NE veering ESE force 2; cloudy with some snow; air temperature average 35°F]

11.00am: tug Bison in attendance.

1.30pm: commenced to heave up anchor and proceed down river.

2.16pm: let go starboard anchor with 60 fathoms of cable.

6.50pm: hove cable short to 30 fathoms.

7.53pm: anchor weighed.

8.00pm: let go tug, proceeded down river, course and speed various.

8.43pm: passed Formby Light Vessel; discharged pilot into tender Bison.

9.00pm: full speed.

9.05pm: passed Bar Light Vessel; set course WxN½N.

10.27pm: Great Ormes Head abeam 11½ miles.

11.28pm: Point Lynas abeam 6½ miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703670f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-009_0.jpg)


12 March 1916

En route to patrol ground*

Lat 51.9, Long -7.7

[Wind E backing NE force 3-4; sea slight; cloudy and overcast; air temperature average 41°F; sea 44°F]

[Base course WSW then NW, mainly zigzagging]

0.40am: Skerries Light abeam; course SW.

1.40am: South Stack abeam 4 miles.

2.09am: Caernarvon Bay Light Vessel abeam 6 miles.

3.22am: Bardsey Island abeam 16 miles.

8.15am: challenged by one HMS. [sic]

9.10am: Coningbeg Light Vessel abeam 1 mile.

9.50am: Hook Point abeam.

11.25am: Mine Head abeam 2 miles.

11.50am: Ram Head abeam.

12.40pm: Ballycotton Light abeam.

2.21pm: Old Head of Kinsale abeam 3 miles.

3.23pm: Galley Head abeam 1½ miles; ship escorted by HMS Bluebell.

4.05pm: Stag Rocks abeam 3 miles.

4.08pm: zigzagging 33°.

5.15pm: set course N67°W.

5.44pm: Mizen Head abeam 2 miles.

6.15pm: HMS Bluebell left [departed].

6.55pm: Bull Rock Light abeam.

Distance run 231½ miles.


*[Note: Virginian is returning to her patrol ground via the south of Ireland, one of the routes used by the Squadron. She will now be on station to the south and west of her previous patrol ground, to the north-west of Ireland, just to the north of Rockall. This is further to the west than the previous area of “C” Patrol, because of the perceived submarine menace. See the comments of Admiral Tupper in John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 400.]


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036710: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-009_1.jpg)


13 March 1916

At patrol.

Lat 51.9, Long -14.8

[Wind NE force 3-6; sea slight; overcast with mist and rain; air temperature average 46°F; sea 50°F]

[Base courses N67°W and N23°E, with some zigzagging]

11.00am: defaulters.

Noon: hands washing paintwork and checking guns.

4.00pm: read Warrants Nos. 40 and 41.

Distance run 308½ miles.



4caf8c7bcadfd34197036711: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-010_0.jpg)


14 March 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.5, Long -15.1

[Wind ENE and E force 3-6; sea moderate; overcast and cloudy; air temperature average 46°F; sea 48°F]

[Base course N25°E, straight]

1.40pm: boarding boat away to Danish Schooner Dagmar.

2.10pm: boat returned for armed guard.

2.35pm: boat away with armed guard and provisions.

3.05pm: boat returned.

3.17pm: set course N24°E.

4.55pm: sounding: 77 fathoms stones.

5.20pm: sounding: 100 fathoms rock.

8.00pm: navigations lights burning dim; approaching “C” Patrol [ie SW of the Faroes]; sounding: 120 fathoms no bottom.

Distance run 246 miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036712: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-010_1.jpg)


15 March 1916

At patrol.

Lat 61.2, Long -13.6

[Wind ENE and NE force 6-3; sea moderate; overcast and cloudy; air temperature average 41°F; sea 45°F]

0.45am: challenged by HMS Orotava.

6.25am: altered course to straight course N47°E.

1.52pm: altered course to ENE; challenged by HMS Alsatian.

2.15pm: ship stopped.

2.18pm: boat away with Captain* to Alsatian.

3.40pm: boat with Captain returned.**

3.45pm: proceeded at 13 knots; set course S 49°W.

8.00pm: altered course to S68°E, zigzagging.

Distance run 301½ miles.


*[Note: the new Captain of Virginian was Humphrey Hugh Smith, DSO, RN (1875-1940). He was Captain in 1916-17, and retired as a Rear-Admiral in 1926 and became a Vice-Admiral in 1931.]


**[Note: this meeting was arranged by the new C-in-C of the Squadron,Vice-Admiral Reginald Tupper, who replaced Rear-Admiral de Chair. There was no question that de Chair had not done a competent job, but Tupper was more vigorous, and there were a number of signs of discontent among the crews in the Squadron, culminating in a strike aboard HMS Teutonic at the end of the same month, March 1916. See the debate on Tupper’s appointment in John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 390-391, and details of the strike on pages 411-413.


Admiral de Chair was “kicked upstairs” to be an advisor to the Ministry of Blockade. He was surprised and disappointed: ”I went out of the Admiralty that day with my mind in a whirl. To say I was disappointed would be to put it mildly. I was almost heartbroken, despite all the nice things the First Lord had said to me. But there it was. It was war-time, and one’s own feelings had to be put aside at such a time.” Sir Dudley de Chair, The Sea is Strong, Harrap & Co, 1961, p218.]


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036713: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-011_0.jpg)


16 March 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.5, Long -13.2

[Wind NE force 3-5; sea slight; cloudy; air temperature average 46°F; sea 50°F]

[Base courses N84°W and S68°E and 87°E, zigzagging mainly 33° either side]

5.00am: challenged by HMS Hildebrand.

6.45am: stopped; boarding boat away to HMS Hildebrand.

7.00am: boat returned.

6.45pm: hands darken ship.

Midnight: reduced zigzagging to 22°

Distance run 294 miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036714: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-011_1.jpg)


17 March 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.5, Long -13.2

[Wind NNE veering NE force 4-5; sea slight; overcast with drizzle; air temperature average 43°F; sea 47°F]

6.30am: altered course to N84°W, zigzagging 22°.

7.00am: zigzagging 33°.

12.24pm: altered course to N84°W straight course.

1.10pm: altered course to S56°W straight course.

9.30pm: altered course to N75°E.

Distance run 300½ miles.

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036715: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-012_0.jpg)


18 March 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.0, Long -15.0

[Wind NNE veering NE force 4-5; sea slight; overcast with drizzle; air temperature average 43°F; sea 47°F]

[Base courses N73-75°E and S78-79°W straight courses]

7.00am: challenged HMS Orcoma.

3.07pm: altered course to N73°W to intercept barque.

4.00pm: course and speed various to close with barque Lysglimt, Norwegian on passage from Buenos Aires to Copenhagen.

4.15pm: stopped.

4.30pm: boat away with armed guard.

4.55pm: boat returned; barque sent to Lerwick.

Distance run 205½ miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036716: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-012_1.jpg)


19 March 1916

At patrol.

Lat 58.6, Long -15.2

[Wind NE backing ENE force 5-7; sea moderate; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 43°F; sea 46°F]

[Base courses N74°E and S78°W straight courses]

Distance run 174½ miles.

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036717: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-013_0.jpg)


20 March 1916

At patrol.

Lat 58.4, Long -15.5

[Wind ENE force 6-7; sea moderate; cloudy and overcast; air temperature average 46°F; sea 47°F]

[Base courses N74°E and S78°W straight courses]

12.01pm: reduced speed to slow.

5.00pm: exercised towing aft.

Distance run 130½ miles.*


*[Note: no explanation is given for these slow speeds and much reduced distances on this patrol at this time, as the weather is fair.]


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036718: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-013_1.jpg)


21 March 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.1, Long -15.0

[Wind E force 6-7; sea moderate to rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 43°F; sea 47°F]

[Base courses N76°E and S78°W straight courses]

Distance run 176 miles.

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036719: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-014_0.jpg)


22 March 1916

At patrol.

Lat 58.3, Long -14.2

[Wind NE force 6-7 reducing; sea moderate; cloudy with a few squalls; air temperature average 43°F; sea 47°F]

[Base courses N82°W and S88°E straight courses]

Distance run 152 miles.

4caf8c7bcadfd3419703671a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-014_1.jpg)


23 March 1916

At patrol.

Lat 58.2, Long -14.4

[Wind NE backing NNE force 4-5; sea moderate; cloudy with a few squalls; air temperature average 43°F; sea 47°F]

[Base courses N82°W and S88°E straight courses and courses various for interception]

5.15am: altered course to intercept steamer.

6.30am: course S4°W full speed.

7.20am: boat away to Swedish SS Narvik; engines used as requisite.

8.40am: boat returned; steamer allowed to proceed.

8.45am: set course N63°W.

Number on sick list: 2.

Distance run 141½ miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703671b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-015_0.jpg)


24 March 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.4, Long -11.3

[Wind NNE force 5-6; sea moderate; cloudy with a few snow squalls; air temperature average 38°F; sea 44°F]

[Base courses N77°E and S72°E straight and zigzagging]

6.50pm: altered course to S72°E, zigzagging 22° to complex pattern.

7.25pm: Surnbo Light abeam 18 miles.

8.00pm: straight course.

11.00pm: altered course to S45°E.

Distance run 288½ miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703671c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-015_1.jpg)


25 March 1916

At Swarbacks Minn, Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind ESE force 3-5; cloudy with snow showers; air temperature average 36°F]

3.55am: sighted Esha Ness bearing E½S by compass.

4.00am: course S76°E, zigzagging 22°.*

5.40am: Muckle Roe abeam.

5.52am: passed boom defence.

6.40am: stopped; let go anchor in No.7 berth Olna Firth; starboard anchor 60 fathoms of cable in 17 fathoms of water.

7.05am: collier Gregynog alongside starboard side; collier’s gear examined and found to be correct.

9.00am: commenced coaling into No. 3 side pockets.

12.15pm: collier Wychwood alongside port side.

12.45pm: gear examined and found to be correct; commenced coaling from port side.

3.30pm: Midshipman Brewster RNR joined ship.

6.00pm: stopped coaling for the day; Gibraltar party returned.

7.00pm: let go port anchor with 31 fathoms of cable.

8.00pm: HMS Moldavia left port.

Anchor watch kept throughout.


*[Note: Submarine U43 had sunk the liner Englishman off Islay on March 24th, and this (or another) U-boat was spotted off Muckle Flugga and was being chased by AMCs of the Patrol. Virginian was given specific warning of this as she approached Busta Voe. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 403.]



4caf8c7bcadfd3419703671d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-016_0.jpg)


26 March 1916


At Olna Firth, Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind SE backing E force 3-5; cloudy with some snow showers; air temperature average 38°F]

3.00am: soundings over stern 18 fathoms; frequent soundings taken.

7.00am: commenced coaling from port side.

7.50am: Gibraltar hands fell in for coaling.

5.20pm: finished coaling; 1500 tons of coal.

6.00pm: Gibraltar hands left ship.

7.00pm: French AMC Champagne left for sea.*


*[Note: this was Virginian’s first encounter with one of the two AMC’s handed over to French crews. In November 1915 HMS Digby became Artois and HMS Oropesa became Champagne. The main reason for this was that as the blockade was creating tension with the USA, the Admiralty felt that it would be a good thing if two of the AMC’s became French so that it would be clear to the Americans that the blockade was an allied and not just a British affair. The exercise was not a success at first and the French crews clearly were unhappy with the posting and the type of seamanship required in these latitudes. Champagne mainly worked bertween France and the White Sea. Admiral Oliver noted that “the Champagne nominally belongs to the Squadron but is never available for patrols as the French use her for taking staff officers etc. to Alexandrovsk…” See the discussion in Sir Dudley de Chair, The Sea is Strong, Harrap & Co, 1961, pages 203-204 and negative comments form Admiral Tupper in John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 397 and 415. See also references in E. Keble Chatterton, The Big Blockade, Hurst and Blackett, 1932, page 214]


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703671e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-016_1.jpg)


27 March 1916

At Olna Firth, Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind mainly N force 6-7; cloudy with some snow squalls; air temperature average 36°F]

Anchor watch kept.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703671f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-017_0.jpg)


28 March 1916

At Olna Firth, Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind mainly NW force 6-7; cloudy with snow squalls; air temperature average 33°F]

9.40am: divisions: read Warrant No. 42 J.Barton, Trimmer MM: confined to 14 days cells; Warrant No. 43. J. Helm, Fireman MM: confined to 7 days cells.

3.45pm: boarding boat away for liberty men.

6.10pm: ship dragging; weighed anchor and steamed ahead; tug Flying Breeze in attendance.

6.45pm: ship in position; brought up to both anchors; tug made fast alongside; anchor watch kept throughout.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036720: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-017_1.jpg)


29 March 1916


At Olna Firth, Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind NNE force 2 backing to SW force 6; cloudy; air temperature 32-42°F]

6.15am: tug left.

10.00am: exercised “abandon ship”; all boats lowered.

11.00am: boats returned; armed guards returned.

11.45am: all boats hoisted.

1.18pm: Blue Watch landed at whaling station to discharge and store ships’ boats etc.*

6.15pm: tug Flying Breeze alongside.

7.05pm: commenced to heave in cable.

7.15pm: tug made fast ahead.

7.40pm: anchor up, proceeded out of harbour.

8.14pm: Muckle Roe Light abeam; set course N32°W.

8.35pm: altered course to N26°W.

8.55pm: Esha Ness Light abeam 3 miles.


*[Note: the whaling station was used as a store for the Squadron.]


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036721: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-018_0.jpg)


30 March 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.2, Long -5.3

[Wind mainly W force 6-7; sea moderate to rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 42°F; sea 43°F]

[Base courses NW straight and zigzagging]

5.00am: commenced zigzagging 33°

6.30am: Fuglo E End bearing N43°W.

9.22am: Fuglo E End abeam.

10.25am: Fuglo E End abeam 2 miles.

11.00am: set course N68°W.

3.10pm: sighted HMS Alsatian.

3.40pm: stopped.

3.50pm: boarding boat away to HMS Alsatian with mail.

4.15pm: boat returned and hoisted.

Distance run 230 miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036722: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-018_1.jpg)


31 March 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.5, Long -10.1

[Wind mainly NNW force 4-5; sea moderate; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 36°F; sea 41°F]

[Base courses N1°W straight en route to Iceland]

0.35am: reduced speed to dead slow.*

11.00pm: dim navigation lights burning.

Distance run 152 miles.


*[Note: Admiral Tupper reported to the Admiralty that he met Captain Smith at 10.30am on this day, but there is no record in the log. However, the slow speed suggests a rendezvous. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 406.]



4caf8c7bcadfd34197036723: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036724: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036725: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036726: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036727: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036728: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67713/ADM 53-67713-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR APRIL 1916


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036729: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd3419703672a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd3419703672b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd3419703672c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd3419703672d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703672e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-003_1.jpg)


1 April 1916

At patrol.

Lat 66.4, Long -14.2

[Wind mainly NNW force 4-5; sea moderate; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 36°F; sea 41°F]

[Base courses N1°W straight en route to Iceland then patrol courses N29°E S29°W]

3.00am: challenged HMS Victorian*

6.20am: altered course to N32°W.

7.45am: hands fall in; usual Saturday routine [sic]

11.45am: altered course to S78°W.

Noon: Revsnes Lighthouse bearing S56°W 7 miles.

Distance run 235 miles.


*[Note: at his meeting with Capt. Smith, Admiral Tupper had indicated that he wanted the Patrol extended to the coast of Iceland in order to intercept trade between that country and Norway, which it was believed was a staging-post for Germany. He therefore instructed Virginian and Victorian to station themselves about 60 miles from Revsnes Light Lat. 66°33’N, Long. 16°9’W (66.55, -16.15). See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 406.]


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703672f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-004_0.jpg)


2 April 1916

At patrol.

Lat 67.5, Long -16.9

[Wind NNE veering E force 6-8; sea very rough; overcast with snow squalls; air temperature average 24°F; sea 30°F]*

[Base courses straight N30°E S29°W]

5.45am: allowed 4° for leeway.

7.00am: hands clearing snow and ice from decks.

8.00am: course S29°W; 5° allowed for leeway.

9.45am: divisions and Captain’s inspection.

11.00am: altered course to N30°E.

11.50am: No.1 boat broke adrift; spar broken; boat secured; starboard side light lamp broken.

1.00pm: ship hove to steaming N79°E slow speed.

7.45pm: altered course to S48°E.

Midnight: increased to 8 knots.

Distance run 205 miles.


*[Note: these are extreme conditions of both gale force winds and deep cold.]


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036730: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-004_1.jpg)


3 April 1916

At patrol.

Lat 67.3, Long -15.1

[Wind E backing NE force 6-9; sea very rough; overcast with snow squalls; air temperature average 32°F; sea 34°F]

7.40am: course S76°W.

7.45am: hands fall in, clearing snow and washing decks.

11.26am: altered course to S24°W.

Noon: altered course to N30°E.

12.50pm: Latitude by ex meridian: 67°08’N.

2.40pm: secured Nos. 3 and 4 guns.

4.50pm: altered course to S29°W.

8.00pm: altered course to NExE; ship hove to; steerage way.

Distance run 75 miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036731: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-005_0.jpg)


4 April 1916

At patrol.

Lat 67.3, Long -15.4

[Wind NNE and NE force 7 reducing; sea very rough; overcast with snow squalls; air temperature average 29 reducing to 19°F; sea 34-29°F]

[Base courses N59°E and S64°W straight]

9.45am: hands painting inside and clearing snow off decks.

Number on sick list: 2.

Distance run 115½ miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036732: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-005_1.jpg)


5 April 1916

At patrol.

Lat 67.7, Long -18.0

[Wind mainly SSE force 2-4; sea slight; cloudless then overcast; air temperature average 19-37°F; sea 29-37°F]

4.00am: altered course to N58°W.

4.50am: challenged HMS Victorian.

9.11am: Mevnklint Rock [Kolbeinsey, Iceland] abeam 3¼ miles.

12.10pm: altered course to S79°W.

2.30pm: altered course to S60°E.

8.37pm: Grimsey Island [off the N coast of Iceland]: abeam 12 miles.*

Distance run 256½ miles.


*[Note: Admiral Tupper reported to the Admiralty that on this day Virginian had progressed along the north coast of Iceland as far as North Cape without encountering any ice. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 408.]


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036733: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-006_0.jpg)


6 April 1916

At patrol.

Lat 67.1, Long -16.1

[Wind mainly SW force 2-4; sea slight; cloudy then cloudless; air temperature average 37°F; sea 37°F]

4.00am: course S29°W.

7.45am: course N30°E.

9.05am: Clear guns.

9.25am: stopped; out target; 1' aiming rifle practice.

10.45am: cease fire.

11.10am: in target.

1.00pm: Lat. by mer alt: 67°19’N.

5.00pm: read Warrant No.44; confined Victor Holstine [?] AB RNVR to 5 days cells.

Midnight: course S30°E


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036734: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-006_1.jpg)


7 April 1916

At patrol.

Lat 67.5, Long -16.1

[Wind mainly SW force 2-4 becoming variable; sea slight; cloudy with snow; air temperature average 33°F; sea 35°F]

[Base courses straight N30°E and S30°W then S38°E towards the Faroes]

6.05pm: altered course N45°W to close with HMS Almanzora.*

6.35pm: set course S35°E.

6.50pm: darken ship.

10.20pm: Langanaes [Langanes, Iceland] Lighthouse abeam.

10.50pm: altered course to S11°E.

Distance run 242 miles.


*[Note: Almanzora had been directed to relieve Virginian, which was directed to join “A” Patrol north of the Faroes.]


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036735: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-007_0.jpg)


8 April 1916

At patrol.

Lat 64.5, Long -11.2

[Wind SE backing to NNE force 5-7; sea moderate to rough; overcast with mist and snow; air temperature average 35°F; sea 36°F]

[Base courses straight S11°E then also N7°W]

3.40am: challenged by HMS Victorian.

7.00am: hands employed cleaning ship; Saturday routine.

Nil on sick list.

Distance run 283 miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036736: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-007_1.jpg)


9 April 1916

At patrol.

Lat 65.0, Long -11.1

[Wind mainly N force 6-7; sea rough; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 27°F; sea 33°F]

[Base courses straight S11°E and N7°W]

2.15am: hove to on heading NNE; pressure for 5 knots.

10.30am: altered course to S; 13 knots.

Distance run 199½ miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036737: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-008_0.jpg)


10 April 1916

At patrol.

Lat 64.1, Long -9.5

[Wind variable; mainly SE and SW force 7 reducing; sea moderate; overcast with mist and snow squalls; air temperature average 39°F; sea 41°F]

[Base courses straight S11°E and N7°W]

7.05am: reduced speed to slow on account of fog.

11.00am: reduced speed to 12½ knots.

11.50am: slow.

11.53am: dead slow.

12.15pm: slow speed looking out for HMS Hildebrand.

12.40pm: Lat. by meridian alt 64°02’N.

3.20pm: stopped for rendezvous with HMS Hildebrand

3.30pm: boat away for armed guard and rating to Teutonic [sic]

3.40pm: boat returned.

Distance run 269 miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036738: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-008_1.jpg)


11 April 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.6, Long -9.4

[Wind mainly NW force 5-6; sea moderate; cloudy; air temperature average 35°F; sea 41°F]

[Base courses straight S11°E and N9°W]

Distance run 272½ miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036739: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-009_0.jpg)


12 April 1916

At patrol.

Lat 65.0, Long -11.3

[Wind mainly N and NE force 4-5; sea moderate; cloudy; air temperature average 32°F; sea 41°F]

[Base courses straight S11°E and N9°W then various]

3.00pm: altered course to S34°W.

5.15pm: challenged by HMS Hildebrand.

8.15pm: altered course to S17°W to intercept trawler.

8.45pm: communicated with trawler [possibly] Maggie Ben on passage from Aberdeen to Iceland; allowed to proceed; set course S34°W.

Distance run 285 miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703673a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-009_1.jpg)


13 April 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.2, Long -12.3

[Wind mainly NE backing NW force 3-6; sea moderate to rough; cloudy with hail squalls; air temperature average 40°F; sea 45°F]

[Base courses straight S34°W and S24°W then various SW]

2.30am: heavy SWly swell.

12.05pm: altered course to SW to intercept steamer.

1.00pm: altered course to W&N; full speed.

3.10pm: altered course to S68°W; steamer proved to be oil steamer [tanker] San Eduardo on passage from Invergordon to Tampico in ballast.

8.55pm: sounding: 44 fathoms sand.

11.00pm: reduced speed to dead slow while carrying out repair in engine room.

11.40pm: proceeded at 15 knots.

Distance run 354 miles.*


*[Note: on this day, Virginian reported having touched “some submerged substance” at 9.45am in position Lat. 60°N, Long. 12°12’W. No apparent damage was done, and nothing was seen on the surface. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 417. Note also there is an error in this book, as the position is reported as “60°W.”]


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703673b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-010_0.jpg)


14 April 1916

At patrol en route to Liverpool.

Lat 55.5, Long -10.5

[Wind mainly NW force 6; sea moderate to rough but reducing; cloudy with rain squalls; air temperature average 45°F; sea 46°F]

[Base courses SE straight and zigzagging]

9.00am: commenced zigzagging 33°; speed full.

11.40am: sounding: 78 fathoms sand.

12.55pm: challenged by HMS Ebro; Port Watch mustered by open list for payment.

2.14pm: Tory Island abeam 3 miles.

3.10pm: Limeburner Rock abeam 1 mile; altered course to N88°E.

3.30pm: Fanad Head abeam 7 miles.

3.50pm: courses various to Commander’s orders while going through Inishtrahull Sound.

4.30pm: Inishtrahull abeam.

6.00pm: altered course to S73°E.

6.45pm: courses various while going through Rathlin Sound.

7.12pm: Bull Point abeam.

7.26pm: Rue Point abeam.

7.45pm: Torr Point abeam; altered course to S21°E.

8.55pm: Maidens Light abeam 3 miles.

9.56pm: Mew Island abeam.

10.33pm: Skulmartin Light abeam; altered course to S5°W.

11.18pm: South Rock abeam 7 miles.

11.50pm: observed Chickens Light.

Coal remaining 517 tons.

Distance run 354 miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703673c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-010_1.jpg)


15 April 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NW force 6 at sea; cloud and broken cloud; air temperature average 42°F]

0.46am: Chickens Light abeam 4 miles; course SE.

4.00am: Great Ormes Head bore S7°W.

4.45am: observed Bar Light Vessel bearing S50°E.

5.00am: altered course S44°E zigzagging 33°.

5.30am: Bar Light Ship abeam.

5.50am: Formby Light Vessel and received pilot.

6.45am: anchored in Mersey; 95 fathoms of cable on port anchor.

8.15am: weighed anchor and proceeded to dock.

9.15am: entered Sandon Basin.

9.40am: made fast alongside Mauretania*; tugs Otter and Canning in attendance.

11.15am: cast off mooring to enter Huskisson Dock

11.30am: entered Canada Dock; made fast alongside HMS Himalaya.

Distance run 296 miles.


*[Note: Mauretania was withdrawn from service in the early part of the war and laid up in Liverpool in preparation for future use as a troop transport and hospital ship. Her ill-fated sister ship, Lusitania, continued in service until her sinking in May 1915. Mauretania survived the war. See Diana Preston; Wilful Murder: The Sinking of the Lusitania, Doubleday, 2002 p 59]


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703673d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-011_0.jpg)


16 April 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly E force 2-4; overcast with light rain; air temperature average 43°F]

9.30am: hands to divine service.

11.00am: long leave liberty men ashore; P.O. Clarke and 8 men unfusing shells.

4.30pm: hands preparing the ship for coaling.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703673e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-011_1.jpg)


17 April 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind WNW force 5-7; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 47°F]

6.50am: trimmers party unfusing Lyddite; foretop men chipping in lower battery; remainder painting over the side.

7.30am: hauled out ship to allow ballast lighter alongside Himalaya; H Duffy, fireman, came on board, adrift since Jan. 7th 1916. [sic]; gunners party employed landing projectiles.

3.40pm: hauled out ship to allow crane to pass between ship and Himalaya; tug escorting.

8.30pm: hauled out ship with assistance of tug to allow crane out.

9.00pm: ship breasted in alongside Himalaya, made fast; strong winds & heavy squalls.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703673f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-012_0.jpg)


18 April 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Graving Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NNW force 5-6; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 43°F]

5.30am: hands fall in ready to shift ship.

6.55am: cast off mooring.

7.25am: entered Canada Graving Dock; 2 tugs aft, 1 forward.

9.30am: ship in dock. Hands employed putting up stores.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036740: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-012_1.jpg)


19 April 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Graving Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly N force 4-5; cloudy; air temperature average 45°F]

[Crew are employed repairing, painting and getting in supplies]

1.00pm: 3 boxes of 1” aiming ammunition arrived.

7.00pm: sentries posted at magazines and midship gangway.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036741: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-013_0.jpg)


20 April 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Graving Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NW force 4; overcast with haze; air temperature average 45°F]

[Crew are employed repairing, painting and getting in supplies]

1.30pm: 2 boys arrived from Portsmouth.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036742: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-013_1.jpg)


21 April 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Graving Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable and calm; cloudy; air temperature average 48°F]

[Crew are employed repairing, painting and getting in supplies]

7.30am: 1 RM Lt. [?] joined ship.

9.15am: finished cleaning up decks; standing by for shifting ship.

11.30am: commenced flooding dock; pilot on board.

1.00pm: ship afloat; commenced unshoring.

1.30pm: proceeded out of dry dock , 2 tugs aft, 1 forward, to Canada Dock.

3.00pm: ship made fast in berth.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036743: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-014_0.jpg)


22 April 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable and calm; cloudy with drizzle; air temperature average 44°F]

6.10am: hauled ship off to allow coal lighters in; 4 ratings discharged to HMS Victory; namely 2 Ordinary Seamen, 1 Signalman RN and 1 Able Seaman RNVR.; resumed coaling.

4.00pm: coaling ceased until Monday morning.*


*[Note: as this is Saturday, this informs us there was no coaling on the Sunday.]


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036744: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-014_1.jpg)


23 April 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable and calm; cloudy; air temperature average 47°F]

8.40am: RC church party left.

9.00am: 2 RNVR and 1 RNR men joined.

10.00am: RC party returned.

11.20am: C of E party left.

11.45am: party returned.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036745: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-015_0.jpg)


24 April 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SW veering NW force 2-5; cloudy; air temperature average 48°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling.

5.15pm: ceased coaling for the day.

6.30pm: Private Hughes RMLI and WB Dean Private RMLI joined from HMS Tyne for HMS Ebro.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036746: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-015_1.jpg)


25 April 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind WSW force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 58°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling; Starboard Watch returned from leave.

5.15pm: ceased coaling for the day.

9.00pm: HBM Consul joined ship*.


*[Note: the passenger was Mr Cable, British Consul for Iceland, who was to travel to Reykjavik on Virginian before she then joined “C” Patrol south of the Faroes. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 428.]


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036747: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-016_0.jpg)


26 April 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind WSW force 2; broken cloud; air temperature average 61°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling.

10.00am: 1 Marine joined the ship.

11.30am: 1 prisoner brought from HMS Eagle.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036748: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-016_1.jpg)



27 April 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW force 2-3; cloudy; air temperature average 51°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036749: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-017_0.jpg)


28 April 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 1-2; overcast and hazy; air temperature average 49°F]

7.00am: resumed coaling.

9.00am: hauled ship across dock alongside troopship [likely] Missanabie

10.00am: made fast; finished coaling.

11.00am: ship hauled across dock alongside SS Scandinavian.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703674a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-017_1.jpg)


29 April 1916

At sea en route from Liverpool to Reykjavik.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable mainly N force 1-2; sea smooth; broken cloud and hazy; air temperature average 50°F]

[Base course NW]

8.00am: singled in moorings.

8.05am: left berth; tugs assisting.

8.12am: entered Canada locks; made fast.

9.05am: proceeded out of locks; tugs Bison and Otter attending.

9.15am: entered river.

9.22am: anchored; 45 fathoms of cable starboard anchor.

11.05am: tug Bison alongside; proceeded heaving up anchor.

11.15am: anchor weighed; proceeded; discharged tug and full speed.

11.25am: Rock Light abeam.

12.08pm: Formby Light Vessel abeam.

12.12pm: pilot left ship.

12.30pm: Bar Light Vessel abeam; full speed course N45°W.

1.00pm: commenced zigzagging 33°.

4.52pm: Chicken Rock Light abeam 3¼ miles.

7.00pm: South Rock Light Vessel abeam 2½ miles; altered course to N2°W.

7.32pm: Skulmartin Light Vessel abeam 3 miles.

8.22pm: Mew Island Light abeam 4 miles; altered course N5°W.

9.34pm: Maidens abeam.

9.42pm: Highland Rock buoy abeam 2½ miles.

11.50pm: Fair Head abeam; altered course to N46°W.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703674b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-018_0.jpg)


30 April 1916

At sea en route from Liverpool to Reykjavik.

Lat 57.0, Long -9.3

[Wind mainly NNE force 2-3; sea smooth; cloudy; air temperature average 48°F; sea 47°F]

[Base courses NW and NE, straight and zigzagging]

0.14am: W end of Rathlin Island abeam; N4°W straight.

2.00am: Inishtrahull Light abeam.

3.00am: commenced zigzagging 33°.

5.25am: Skerryvore Light abeam.

7.40am: Barra Head Lighthouse abeam 9 miles.

8.00am: altered course to N67°W.

10.48am: altered course to N5°E zigzag to intercept steamer.

11.51am: boarding boat away to Swedish SS Gloria.

12.40pm: boat returned; steamer allowed to proceed having clearance from South Shields.

1.20pm: set course N21°W to intercept vessel.

2.00pm: boat returned.

2.40pm: Danish Schooner CV Petersen* sent to Lerwick with armed guard.

10.30pm: straight course.

*[Note: it is possible that this schooner was the Standard, a Danish ship operated by C V Petersen.]


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703674c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-018_1.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd3419703674d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd3419703674e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd3419703674f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036750: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036751: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036752: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67714/ADM 53-67714-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR MAY 1916


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036753: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036754: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036755: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036756: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c7bcadfd34197036757: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036758: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-003_1.jpg)


1 May 1916

At sea en route from Liverpool to Reykjavik.

Lat 61.6, Long -17.3

[Wind mainly NNE force 2-3; sea smooth; cloudy; air temperature average 50°F; sea 48°F]

[Base courses N20°W and various later, straight]

[Crew preparing the ship for Iceland visit]

4.50pm: altered course to N56°E to intercept steamer; full speed.

5.07pm: read Warrant No.45 A Scott 7 days cells; Warrant No.46 J Motier [?] 7 days cells; Warrant No. 47 F Limt [?] 7 days cells.

5.00-6.00pm: courses and speeds various.

6.20pm: stopped.

6.24pm: dead slow; passed and hailed British trawler Lucy (FD24) bound to Fleetwood.

6.35pm: set course N19°W speed 13 knots.

Distance run 291½ miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036759: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-004_0.jpg)


2 May 1916

At Reykjavik Harbour.

Lat 64.0, Long -21.5

[Wind mainly NE force 4; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 45°F; sea 44°F]

2.45am: land sighted bearing NE&N½N.

9.30am: course N15°W.

10.15am: Reykjanes Light abeam 3 miles.

11.08am: Eldey Rock abeam 4½ miles.

12.25pm: altered course E Utskalar Lighthouse* abeam 6 miles.

2.05pm: Grotta Light abeam.

2.38pm: anchored at Reykjavik Harbour; 35 fathoms of cable starboard anchor in 8 fathoms of water.

2.45pm: boat away with HBM Consul and Captain; salute fired.

8.36pm: commenced heaving up anchor.

8.43pm: anchor weighed.

8.45pm: proceeded out of harbour half speed.

9.00pm: rounded Bill Bury; full speed.

10.07pm: course N78°W.

10.26pm: Utskalar Light abeam 4½ miles.

11.23pm: course S16°W.

Midnight: Reykjanes Light abeam 3 miles; altered course to S20°W.

Distance run 319½ miles.


*[Note: the lighthouse was Garoskagaviti; Utskalar is the nearest settlement.]


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703675a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-004_1.jpg)


3 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.4, Long -19.1

[Wind mainly NE force 5-6; sea moderate; cloudy; air temperature average 42°F; sea 44°F]

[Base courses S20-22°E straight]

1.12pm: Lat. by meridian alt: 62°16½’N.

8.23pm: altered course to S65°W to intercept steamer.

8.48pm: altered course to N73°W full speed.

10.10pm: set course N; closed with Danish s/s Carmen.

11.48pm: altered course to S28°E; allowed s/s to proceed.

Distance run 215½ miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703675b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-005_0.jpg)


4 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.9, Long -14.4

[Wind mainly NE and ENE force 5-6; sea moderate to rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 41°F; sea 46°F]

[Base course SE straight]

2.13pm: altered course to S25°E; challenged by HMS Motagua.

3.11pm: 11 knots; keeping station and exchanging signals with HMS Motagua.*

Distance run 250½ miles.


*[Note: Virginan is now on “C” Patrol south of the Faroes.]


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703675c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-005_1.jpg)


5 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.7, Long -13.0

[Wind mainly NNE force 5-6; sea moderate; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 41°F; sea 45°F]

[Base courses S88°E, N83°W, straight and zigzagging]

6.00am: commenced zigzagging 4pts. to pattern.

6.45pm: zigzagging 2pts.

11.00pm: course S88°E straight.

Distance run 224 miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703675d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-006_0.jpg)


6 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.6, Long -13.1

[Wind mainly NE force 4-5; sea moderate; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 41°F; sea 46°F]

[Base courses S88°E, N83°W, straight and zigzagging]

2.00am: commenced zigzagging 2 pts.

10.10am: zigzagging 33°.

11.00pm: straight course.

Number on sick list: 2.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703675e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-006_1.jpg)


7 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.7, Long -12.9

[Wind mainly NE force 4-5; sea slight; cloudy; air temperature average 41°F; sea 46°F]

[Base courses S88°E, N83°W, straight and zigzagging]

3.00am: commenced zigzagging 33°.

9.45am: divisions and Captain’s inspection.

10.30pm: straight course.

Distance run 244½ miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd3419703675f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-007_0.jpg)


8 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.6, Long -13.4

[Wind mainly N force 3-5; sea slight; cloudy; air temperature average 41°F; sea 46°F]

[Base courses S88°E, N83°W, straight and zigzagging]

2.30am: commenced zigzagging 33°.

9.00am-11.20am: target practice; 1” aiming and circling around target.

Midnight: straight course.

Distance run 276 miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036760: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-007_1.jpg)


9 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.3, Long -12.8

[Wind mainly N force 2-4, variable later; sea smooth; cloudy and cloudless; air temperature average 42°F; sea 46°F]

[Base courses S88°E, N83°W, straight and zigzagging]

3.00am: commenced zigzagging 33°.

6.00am: altered course to E½S to intercept vessel.

6.55am: vessel allowed to proceed having armed guard on board.

3.15pm: straight course.

4.00pm: altered course to N78°E.

4.06pm: altered course to S81°W, speed 12 knots; keeping station with HMS Alsatian.

4.30pm: Vice Admiral on board; launch hoisted; full speed.

4.40pm: set course S81°W, speed 13 knots.

5.55pm: stopped; Admiral left; set course S72°W.[sic]

6.20pm: altered course to N55°E to close with HMS Alsatian.

6.30pm: stopped; boat away.*

7.00pm: boat returned; set course S62°W.

Distance run 275½ miles.


*[Note: Admiral Tupper used this visit to engage in a short cruise of inspection on Virginian. He reported to the Admiralty that “the crew were well-dressed, healthy and smart-looking and the ship most clean and creditable - firemens’ quarters being especially good. The gunnery efficiency appears V.G.” See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 429.]


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036761: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-008_0.jpg)


10 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.4, Long -12.6

[Wind variable and calm; sea smooth; cloudless; air temperature average 48°F; sea 46°F]

[Base courses S88°E, N83-87°W, straight and zigzagging]

6.00am: N83°W, zigzagging.

9.28am: out target; engine stopped.

12.20pm: target on board; boat hoisted; set course N87°W.

Distance run 268 miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036762: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-008_1.jpg)


11 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.3, Long -13.2

[Wind variable then E force 1-6; sea smooth to moderate; cloudy; air temperature average 44°F; sea 46°F]

[Base courses S87°W, N83°E, straight and zigzagging]

3.22am: altered course to N to intercept vessel.

3.40am: full speed.

5.26am: stopped; hailed trawler Lucy FD24; all correct.*

5.35am: set course S45°W, 13 knots.

8.00am: commenced zigzagging 33°.

9.25am: engine stopped; out target.

9.30am: target carried away in target boat.

11.20am: ceased firing on target boat.

11.30am: set course S87°W, zigzagging.

12.53pm: straight course S87°W, 11 knots.

9.12pm: altered course to N34°W; challenged HMS Almanzora.

9.30pm: stopped.

9.35pm: boat away.

10.05pm: boat returned; set course S76°E.

Distance run 280 miles.


*[Note: previously encountered on May 1st; see above.]


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036763: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-009_0.jpg)


12 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.0, Long -13.1

[Wind SE force 6 reducing; sea slight; overcast and cloudy; air temperature average 47°F; sea 47°F]

0.00am: course S76°E straight.

11.30am: altered course to N87°W to intercept steamer.

12.35pm: stopped; boat away with armed guard to Danish SS Louisiana.

1.20pm: boat returned; SS allowed to proceed.

1.25pm: set course S74°W.

4.40pm: altered course to S to intercept steamer.

5.30pm: stopped and signalled Ammunition Carrier Polandia en route to Archangel.

5.38pm: altered course to S87°W half speed.

7.45pm: challenged by HMS Andes.

8.15pm: passed HMS Andes.

8.25pm: altered course to N88°E, zigzagging.

Distance run 215 miles.


4caf8c7bcadfd34197036764: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-009_1.jpg)


13 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.2, Long -9.5

[Wind mainly SE force 1-2; sea slight; mist and fog; air temperature average 46°F; sea 47°F]

[Base courses N88°E and S78°E, straight and zigzagging]

4.00am: zigzagging 33° to pattern.

6.30am: setting in foggy; straight course; whistle sounded; speed reduced.

10.25am: sounding: 60 fathoms stones.

10.58am: full speed.

4.22pm: sounding: 78 fathoms stones and gravel.

4.45pm: sounding: 120 fathoms no bottom.

10.00pm: commenced zigzagging 33°.

10.43pm: course S31°E.

11.50pm: sounding: 120 fathoms no bottom.

Distance run 274 miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036765: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-010_0.jpg)


14 May 1916

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind mainly SSE force 1-2; sea smooth; misty; air temperature average 47°F]

0.50am: zigzagging 33°.

Soundings in fathoms: 0.25am: 120 no bottom, 0.35am: 66 gravel, 1.15am: 68 gravel, 1.45am: 60, gravel and sand.

1.10am: straight course SSW.

2.30am: Esha Ness Light abeam 2½ miles.

3.15am: Muckle Roe Light abeam, speed dead slow.

3.40am: let go port anchor in No. 3 Berth Busta Voe; 60 fathoms cable, 15 fathoms water.

5.45am: Collier Boscawen alongside; gear examined and found to be correct.

7.00am: Port Watch commenced coaling.

7.30am: Gibraltar party arrived; 10 armed guard arrived on board; Starboard Watch coaling ship.

11.55am: Port Watch fallen in for coaling ship.

3.15pm: swung port collier round; Starboard Watch coaling ship.

8.30pm: finished coaling side pockets.

9.00pm: Port Watch darken ship.

Distance run 232 miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036766: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-010_1.jpg)


15 May 1916

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind mainly NW force 1; cloudless and cloudy; air temperature average 44°F]

1.05am: [sic] finished coaling.

8.00am: starboard collier left ship.

9.00am: port collier left ship.

5.30pm: HMS Vienna arrived.

7.45pm: hoisted Nos. 1-13 boats.

7.50 steam pinnace taken over from HMS Changuinola; made fast astern.

9.15pm: HMS Changuinola left [departed].


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036767: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-011_0.jpg)


16 May 1916

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind mainly NNW force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 45°F]

5.45am: water boat Flying Breeze alongside.

9.30am: hands ‘abandon ship’; party landed for drill and route march.

11.30am: picket boat towed boats ashore to fetch landing party off.

Noon: landing party returned.

8.30pm: picket boat returned to Gibraltar.

8.45pm: boat and gangway hoisted.

9.00pm: stand by engines; command to weigh anchor; tug Flying Breeze in attendance.

9.10pm: anchor weighed; proceeded out of harbour.

9.31pm: full speed.

9.34pm: Muckle Roe Light abeam.

9.42pm: set course N28°W.

10.27pm: Esha Ness Light abeam 3½ miles.

11.00pm: set coloured watches; HMS Patia [sighted].


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036768: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-011_1.jpg)


17 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.9, Long -6.7

[Wind variable NW then SSE force 3-5; sea slight; cloudy with some mist; air temperature average 45°F; sea 47°F]

[Base courses straight and zigzagging]

2.13am: course N67°W.

8.15am: Faroe Island bearing N30°W.

10.38am: sounding: 120 fathoms gravel.

Noon: altered course to S88°W, zigzagging 28°.

1.10pm: altered course to SWxS to intercept smoke sighted.

2.24pm: course N88°W, zigzagging; smoke found to be trawler.

5.01pm: altered course to S21°W to intercept.

5.40pm: altered course to N86°W ship found to be SS Conrad Mohr flying flag of the day; read Warrant No. 48 Clifford Adams AB RNVR; confined to cells.

6.00pm: commenced zigzagging 33°.

6.15pm: sighted ship on port bow.

6.42pm: altered course to S61°W to intercept.

7.20pm: altered course to N86°W; ship found to be Norwegian barque Closeburn with armed guard on board.

Distance run 185 miles.

4caf8c7ccadfd34197036769: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-012_0.jpg)


18 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.2, Long -12.6

[Wind SW force 2-4; sea slight; cloudy with fog; air temperature average 50°F; sea 47°F]

[Base courses S88°W and N82°E straight and zigzagging]

2.35am: thick fog; reduced pressure to 11 knots; straight course kept.

2.40am: slow; whistle sounded.

2.45am: pressure for 10 knots.

5.00am: altered course to S88W; 13 knots.

7.50am: challenged HMS Orotava.

1.13pm: commenced zigzagging 33°.

2.36pm: kept straight course.

5.17pm: altered course to N82°W to intercept steamer.

5.33pm: kept course S88°W; steamer found to be Oil Carrier No. (114).

8.15pm: commenced zigzagging 33° /\/\/\/\.

11.00am: straight course N82°E, 10 knots.

Distance run 272½ miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd3419703676a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-012_1.jpg)


19 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.4, Long -12.2

[Wind SW force 2-4; sea slight; cloudy with fog; air temperature average 50°F; sea 48°F]

[Base courses S86°W and N82°E straight and zigzagging]

6.00am: course S86°W zigzagging 33° /\/\/\/\.

6.50am: stopped; boat away to Swedish SS Nordland with armed guard.

6.45am: boat returned; proceeded; steamer sent to Kirkwall.

10.25am: altered course to S23°W to intercept.

10.55am: stopped; boat away to Danish SS United States.*

11.40am: boat returned; SS sent to Kirkwall with armed guard; set course S86°W.

Noon: commenced zigzagging 33° /\/\/\/\.

1.35pm: straight course; reduced to 10 knots.

Distance run 232½ miles.


*[Note: this vessel was frequently intercepted by the Patrol as it was a large passenger liner which often carried German nationals from New York to Europe.]


4caf8c7ccadfd3419703676b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-013_0.jpg)


20 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.1, Long -19.0

[Wind mainly SW force 5; sea moderate; cloudy with some mist; air temperature average 51°F; sea 49°F]

[Base courses S84°W and N85°E straight]

8.40am: full speed to intercept steamer.

9.00am: stopped; boat away to Swedish SS Vesterland.

9.25am: SS sent to Kirkwall with armed guard.

9.40am: boat returned; set course S84°W, 13 knots.

6.00pm: course N85°E, slow speed.

11.00pm: increased to 8 knots.

Distance run 253 miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd3419703676c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-013_1.jpg)


21 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.1, Long -18.9

[Wind variable mainly SW and SE force 5; sea moderate; overcast with mist; air temperature average 51°F; sea 50°F]

[Base courses S89°W and N85°E straight]

3.00am: speed 9 knots.

4.00am: speed 8 knots.

1.00pm: increased to 10 knots; 4° leeway allowed.

4.00pm: leeway taken off; reduced to 8 knots.

8.00pm: reduced to 7 knots.

Distance run 187 miles.

4caf8c7ccadfd3419703676d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-014_0.jpg)


22 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.4, Long -18.1

[Wind mainly W force 7; sea rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 50°F; sea 50°F]

[Base courses S89°W and N85°E straight]

9.41am: boys to seamanship; maintopmen painting skylights; armed guard to pistol drill.

Distance run 160 miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd3419703676e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-014_1.jpg)


23 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.4, Long -17.9

[Wind mainly SW force 2-6; sea slight, increasing; early fog then cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 49°F; sea 50°F]

[Base courses S89°W and N84°E straight and zigzagging]

[-am slow and variable speeds in fog]

1.10pm: Lat. by meridian alt. 56°46’N.

5.00pm: evening quarters; Captain read Articles of War to Ship’s Company.*

6.00pm: altered course to N84°E, speed slow.

9.15pm: commenced zigzagging 33° /\/\/\/\.

Distance run 175 miles.


*[Note: It was compulsory for the Captain to read the Articles of War to his ship's company at least once a month. These are the regulations by which the ship is governed and cover the offences with which a seaman may be charged and the penalties thereto. It was usually read on a Sunday at divisions (this was a Tuesday)For the origins of the practice in the 17th century and the original Royal Navy Articles of War see N A M Rodger, The Command of the Ocean, Penguin Books, 2005, p 59.]


4caf8c7ccadfd3419703676f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-015_0.jpg)



24 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.8, Long -18.1

[Wind mainly SW force 6 reducing; sea moderate; cloudy and broken cloud; air temperature average 50°F; sea 51°F]

[Base courses S88°W and N84°E straight and zigzagging]

8.00am: course S88°W, zigzagging 33°.

10.30am: altered course to N58°W to intercept steamer.

10.50am: boat away to SS San Francisco, Swedish.

11.30am: boat returned.

11.38am: set course S88°W, zigzagging 33°; ship sent to Kirkwall with armed guard.

6.20pm: altered course to N84°E, zigzagging 45°.*

Distance run 250 miles.


*[Note: on May 23rd, a general warning about submarines seen around the Faroes and possibly searching for members of the Squadron was sent out, which may account for this extra precaution. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 441.]


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036770: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-015_1.jpg)


25 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.7, Long -18.6

[Wind mainly WNW force 4 reducing; sea slight; cloudy with haze; air temperature average 50°F; sea 50°F]

[Base courses S88°W and N84°E straight and zigzagging]

6.00am: zigzagging reduced from 45° to 33°.

6.46am: challenged HMS Patia.

11.50am: altered course to N42°W to intercept steamer.

1.10pm: altered course to S67°W; steamer found to be SS Sir Ernest Cassel already boarded by HMS Hilary.*

4.32pm: altered course to N36°W to intercept sailing vessel.

5.53pm: altered course to S8°E; vessel found to be Norwegian barque Dagmar flying flag of the day.

6.25pm: altered course to N64°E to intercept steamer.

6.50pm: challenged HMS Patia.

Distance run 282½ miles.


*[Note: this vessel was stopped by HMS Patia in Lat 57°6’N, Long 18°46’W and was on passage from Philadelphia to Gothenburg with a cargo of coal and lead. See HMS Hilary ]


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036771: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-016_0.jpg)


26 May 1916


At patrol.

Lat 57.0, Long -17.4

[Wind mainly NE backing to WNW force 2-4; sea slight; cloudy with showers and squalls; air temperature average 50°F; sea 50°F]

[Base courses S88°W and N84°E straight and zigzagging]

3.15am: sighted HMS Orotava; challenged.

3.48am: stopped; boat away for armed guards.

4.15am: boat returned with 1 armed guard; set course N84°E.

6.10am: altered course to N20°E to intercept vessel sighted.

7.30am: altered course to N to close with vessel.

7.40am: courses various whilst rounding French barque Chateaurif [?].

7.50am: set course S26°W, zigzagging.

1.27pm: altered course to N88°E; challenged HMS Victorian.

1.28pm: stopped engines as requisite; boat away to HMS Victorian with back signals [?].

2.30pm: boat returned.

3.45pm: course N60°W straight.

4.15pm: signalled Admiralty oiler Rosalind.

4.30pm: resumed zigzagging 33°.

9.08pm: course N85°E zigzagging 33°.

Distance run 286½ miles.

4caf8c7ccadfd34197036772: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-016_1.jpg)


27 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.2, Long -18.5

[Wind mainly WNW force 3-4; sea slight; cloudy with showers and squalls; air temperature average 50°F; sea 50°F]

[Base courses S89°W and N85°E zigzagging]

[Crew cleans and maintains ship throughout the day]

Distance run 283 miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036773: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-017_0.jpg)


28 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.2, Long -17.3

[Wind mainly WNW force 3; sea slight; cloudy; air temperature average 53°F; sea 50°F]

[Base courses S88°E and N85°E straight and zigzagging]

3.35am: altered course N65°E to intercept steamer.

3.50am: challenged HMS Mantua.

4.15am: altered course to S26°W.

9.00am: zigzagging 33° to pattern.

3.15pm: challenged HMS Patuca.

3.50pm: altered course to ESE to intercept steamer.

4.15-4.40pm: courses various: steamer found to be British SS Sicilian; [sic: possibly Sicily] allowed to proceed.

6.25pm: altered course to S88E, zigzagging 33° to pattern.

7.33pm: altered course to S to intercept steamer.

8.00pm: stopped; ‘action’ sounded; boat away to Norwegian SS Thorsdal.

8.40pm: boat returned; SS allowed to proceed.

Distance run 292 miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036774: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-017_1.jpg)


29 May 1916

At patrol.

Lat 55.4, Long -13.4

[Wind mainly WNW force 3; sea slight; cloudy; air temperature average 53°F; sea 51°F]

[Base courses S84-88°E and N65°W straight and zigzagging]

5.25am: altered course to S10°E to intercept steamer.

10.12am: altered course to S55°E to intercept steamer.

11.05am: boat away to SS Cassandra.

11.35am: boat returned; SS allowed to proceed for Montreal.

11.40am: set course N65°W, zigzagging 33° to pattern.

1.40pm: full speed to intercept.

2.10pm: steamer proved to be Allan Liner Pomerainian bound for Montreal.

7.00pm: course S85°E, zigzagging 33° to complex pattern.

10.20pm: Nos. 1, 9, 10, 14 watertight doors closed.

11.00pm: zigzagging 45°.

Distance run 292 miles.

4caf8c7ccadfd34197036775: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-018_0.jpg)


30 May 1916

At patrol, en route to Loch Ewe.*

Lat 56.3, Long -9.2

[Wind mainly WNW backing SW force 3; sea slight; cloudy; air temperature average 55°F; sea 51°F]

[Base course S85°E zigzagging]

6.00am: zigzagging 34°.

9.00am: hands employed rigging gear for coaling ship.

11.30am: sounding: 130 fathoms no bottom.

12.40pm: sounding: 80 fathoms sand.

4.15pm: Barra Head Lighthouse abeam 10 miles.

5.45pm: altered course to N39°E, zigzagging 34°.

8.08pm: Vaternish Point abeam 1 mile.

8.55pm: Trodday Point abeam 5 miles.

10.00pm: course N45°E.

10.45pm: dimmed navigation lights; turning.

11.32pm: passed boom defence; in Loch Ewe.

11.55pm: anchored in Loch Ewe; 60 fathoms of cable, starboard anchor, in 21 fathoms of water.

Distance run 344½ miles.


*[Note: Loch Ewe, about 80 miles west of Inverness, was first examined as a base for the Squadron in January 1915 when U-boats were first in action off Liverpool Bar, and a coaling base nearer to the patrol grounds was required, but it was rejected in April 1915 (along with Loch Roag) as the main support base in favour of Busta Voe in the Shetlands, which offered better security and water supply, but it remained a subsidiary coaling station, and of course came into its own in World War II as the assembly point for the Russian convoys. See the discussion in John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 143-145.

Following the Battle of Jutland, the Squadron was asked to extend its range further into the North Sea, and around Iceland, which had insisted that as a neutral it should be free to trade in the open sea. As a result of this reorganisation, Virginian was ordered to patrol the Minch-Pentland Firth route as soon as she had finished coaling, and Loch Ewe was a suitable station. However, it seems that reports that German raiders were about to break out into the Atlantic led to a change of plan, as Virginian settled into a patrol west of the Faroes. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 447-449.]


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036776: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-018_1.jpg)


31 May 1916

At Loch Ewe.

Lat 57.1, Long -5.7

[Wind mainly W backing S force 2; cloudy and hazy; air temperature average 55°F]

2.30am: water boat alongside.

4.30am: colliers SS Wychwood, SS Greenbatt alongside. Gear examined, found in good order.

6.15am: water boat left.

7.50am: commenced coaling ship; all hands coaling.

10.35am: swinging starboard collier round.

11.15am: collier swung round; resumed coaling.

7.00pm: ceased coaling for the day.

9.00pm: darken ship.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036777: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c7ccadfd34197036778: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c7ccadfd34197036779: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c7ccadfd3419703677a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c7ccadfd3419703677b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c7ccadfd3419703677c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67715/ADM 53-67715-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR JUNE 1916


4caf8c7ccadfd3419703677d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c7ccadfd3419703677e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c7ccadfd3419703677f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c7ccadfd34197036780: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c7ccadfd34197036781: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036782: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-003_1.jpg)


1 June 1916


At Loch Ewe.

Lat 57.1, Long -5.7

[Wind mainly SW veering N force 2; cloudy with rain and snow; air temperature average 50°F]

3.30am: water boat alongside.

6.30am: commenced coaling.

6.50am: water boat left.

7.30am: coaling-all hands.

7.00pm: colliers Greenbatt and Wychwood left.

7.40pm: water boat alongside.

8.00pm: finished coaling; 3 armed guards for HMS Moldavia on board.

9.10pm: water boat left.

11.00pm: commenced to leave; anchor weighed.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036783: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-004_0.jpg)


2 June 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.1, Long -1.9

[Wind mainly N force 3-7; sea rough; cloudy with squalls and mist; air temperature average 45°F; sea 48°F]

[Base course NE straight and zigzagging]

0.03am: slow ahead.

0.16am: passed boom defence; course N16°E.

0.51am: course N28°E, zigzagging 22° to pattern.

2.45am: challenged HMS Almanzora.

4.00am: signalled yacht patrol vessel.

4.47am: Cape Wrath abeam 1½ miles.

5.45am: White Head abeam.

6.55am: Strathy Point abeam.

7.20am: course S84°E.

9.08am: Pentland Skerries abeam; set course N64°E.

10.10am: Copinsay Island Lighthouse abeam 2 miles; passed Grand Fleet.*

10.45am: Auskerry Lighthouse abeam 10 miles.

12.10: altered course to intercept steamer.

12.25pm: slow speed and signalling.

12.32pm: kept course N64°E, full speed; steamer proved to be Consul Olsson (Swedish) on passage from Greenock; allowed to proceed.

1.45pm: observed Fair Isle.

2.45pm: altered course to N40°E.

4.22pm: Sumburgh Head abeam 5 miles.

7.22pm: Outskerries abeam 2½ miles.

9.00pm: challenged HMS Almanzora.

9.48pm: Muckle Flugga Light abeam 8½ miles.

Distance run 163 miles.


*[Note: riding at Scapa Flow; this was only 1 day after the Battle of Jutland.]


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036784: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-004_1.jpg)


3 June 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.3, Long -1.4

[Wind mainly N backing W force 3-6; sea rough becoming slight; cloudy with mist; air temperature average 44°F; sea 46°F]

[Base courses N19°E and S61-64°W, straight and zigzagging]

7.30am: challenged HMS Gloucestershire.

1.00pm: commenced zigzagging 34° to pattern.

1.20pm: sighted HMS Columbella.

Coal remaining 2288 tons.

Distance run 301 miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036785: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-005_0.jpg)


4 June 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long -12.4

[Wind mainly NE force 3-6; sea moderate; cloudy and overcast; air temperature average 44°F; sea 46°F]

[Base courses S56°E and N61-64°W, straight and zigzagging]

9.00am: course N20°E, zigzagging 22°.

12.15pm: altered course to N73°E to intercept steamer.

12.42pm: steamer proved to be a trawler.

1.37pm: course S41°E, zigzagging 22°.

3.30pm: altered course to S85°E to intercept trawler.

4.03pm: stopped; boat away to Dutch trawler Eendracht.

5.10pm: boat returned.

5.15pm: set course N8°E; trawler allowed to proceed.

7.00pm: course S35°W, zigzagging 22°; challenged by HMS Mantua.

Distance run 318 miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036786: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-005_1.jpg)


5 June 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long -13.5

[Wind mainly ENE force 5; sea moderate; cloudy; air temperature average 40°F; sea 46°F]

1.00am: zigzagging 34°.

3.00am: course N55°W, zigzagging 34°.

6.00am: altered course to S55°E, zigzagging 23°.

9.00am: challenged HMS Mantua.

9.48am: hands employed repairing coaling gear.

11.50am: altered course to E to intercept steamer.

2.00pm: full speed.

3.45pm: altered course to N5°W to intercept steamer.

3.50pm: challenged HMS Orcoma.

Coal remaining 1988 tons.

Distance run 260 miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036787: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-006_0.jpg)


6 June 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long -13.5

[Wind mainly NNE force 5-6; sea moderate; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 40°F; sea 46°F]

Midnight: straight course S36°W.

3.00am: straight course N51°W.

6.00am: altered course to S55°E, zigzagging 34°.

8.00am: zigzagging 22°.

9.35am: sighted HMS Orcoma.

6.20pm: altered course N45°W to intercept steamer.

7.10pm: HMS Orcoma replied to challenge; altered course to S35°W.

Distance run 251 miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036788: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-006_1.jpg)


7 June 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long -13.5

[Wind mainly NNE force 5-6; sea moderate to rough; cloudy; air temperature average 42°F; sea 46°F]

3.00am: straight course N51°W.

6.00am: altered course to S55°E, zigzagging 34°.

10.32am: altered course to N84°E to intercept steamer.

11.10am examined Dutch trawler Raditz [possibly] ;allowed to proceed.

11.25am: course N37°E.

[Various courses NE and SW through the afternoon and evening]

9.45pm: altered course to N80°W to intercept trawler.

10.10pm: trawler flying flag of the day; altered course to N52°W.

10.40pm: trawler overtaken; Hortensia GY 292 of Grimsby- allowed to proceed.

Distance run 249 miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036789: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-007_0.jpg)


8 June 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long -13.5

[Wind mainly NE force 2; sea slight; cloudy; air temperature average 45°F; sea 48°F]

6.00am: altered course to S55°E, zigzagging 33°.

9.00am: altered course to N37°E zigzagging 22°.

2.00pm: increased zigzag to 34°.

2.45pm: full speed to intercept steamer.

3.20pm: altered course to N19°E; ship proved to be HMS Mantua; intercepting steamer.

4.45pm: challenged HMS Orcoma.

8.45pm: course N64°W, zigzagging 22°.

Number on sick list: nil.

Distance run 257 miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd3419703678a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-007_1.jpg)


9 June 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long -13.4

[Wind mainly SW force 2-3; sea slight; cloudy; air temperature average 48°F; sea 47°F]

2.00am: altered course to S47°W to intercept trawler.

2.40am: stopped; full astern.

2.45am: boat away to Grimsby trawler Swallow GY489

3.35am: boat returned.

3.42am: set course N51°W; trawler allowed to proceed.

6.00am: altered course to S55°E, zigzagging 33°.

7.00am: zigzagging 44°.

8.00am: zigzagging 34°.

9.00am: altered course to N37°E zigzagging 34°.

1.30pm: altered course to E to intercept steamer. [various SE courses follow]

4.40pm: stopped.

4.45pm: boat away to trawler Admiral Cradock (H102)

5.00pm: all correct; allowed to proceed; boat returned.

5.15pm: set course N31°W, 13 knots.

5.25pm: course S33°E to intercept; full speed.

5.38pm: reduced speed to 13 knots; challenged by HMS Teutonic.

5.45pm: altered course to N65°W whilst signalling.

6.30pm: challenged by HMS Mantua.

Midnight: course S36°W.

Distance run 287 miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd3419703678b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-008_0.jpg)


10 June 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.1, Long -14.1

[Wind mainly S force 2; sea smooth; cloudy; air temperature average 54°F; sea 47°F]

[Base courses S35-36°W, N36°E, straight and zigzagging]

1.00am: zigzagging 22°.

1.45am: replied to challenge from HMS Mantua.

3.40am: altered course to N25°E to intercept trawler.

4.15am: stopped.

4.25am: British trawler Companion [of Aberdeen] stopped, given flag of the day and allowed to proceed.

4.30am: set course N51°W, zigzagging 33°.

11.00am: straight course N35°E.

2.00pm: challenged HMS Mantua; reply correct.

3.00pm: course N36°E, zigzag 33° /\/\/\/\.

4.08pm: altered course to N33°E to intercept trawler.

4.25pm: stopped and boat away to trawler Isabel [H878] of Hull.

4.40pm: boat returned; trawler allowed to proceed; set course N36°E, zigzagging 33°.

5.50pm: altered course to N62°W, straight.

7.00pm: altered course to S22°E to intercept steamer.

7.20pm: resumed zigzag in S36°W; challenged HMS Mantua.

Midnight: course S37°W, zigzagging 34°.

Distance run 291½ miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd3419703678c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-008_1.jpg)


11 June 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.2, Long -14.2

[Wind mainly WSW and W force 2-5; sea smooth; cloudy and foggy; air temperature average 53°F; sea 47°F]

3.00am: course N51°W, zigzagging 34°

5.54am: sighted trawler; altered course to S50°E to intercept.

6.10am: stopped; hailed trawler Octavia H876 [of Hull]; allowed to proceed.

6.20am: set course S55°E, zigzag 33°; dead slow as weather foggy.

7.15am: straight course, slow speed.

9.45am: divisions and Captain’s inspection.

11.20am: fog cleared; increased to 13 knots, commenced zigzagging 34°.

7.00pm: altered course to S80°W.

11.30pm: altered course to N76°E, zigzagging 34°.

Coal remaining 1245 tons.

Distance run 273 miles.

4caf8c7ccadfd3419703678d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-009_0.jpg)


12 June 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.0, Long -15.2

[Wind mainly NW backing W force 2-4; sea smooth; cloudy and foggy; air temperature average 50°F; sea 50°F]

[Base courses N76°E and S79°W, straight and zigzagging]

6.00am: course S79°W, zigzagging 34°.

9.35am: slow; weather foggy.

9.43am: fog cleared.

1.54pm: slow; weather foggy; straight course.

2.00pm: fog cleared; commenced zigzagging 34°.

5.23pm: steered straight course S79°W; reduced to slow.

Distance run 292 miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd3419703678e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-009_1.jpg)


13 June 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long -15.5

[Wind mainly W veering WNW force 2-4; sea slight; very foggy; air temperature average 50°F; sea 50°F]

[Base courses N76°E and S79°W, straight and zigzagging]

6.40am: commenced zigzagging 33°.

8.00am: straight course.

9.00am: zigzagging 33°.

10.00am: straight course, 10 knots.

[Routine ship maintenance and courses the rest of the day]

Distance run 222½ miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd3419703678f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-010_0.jpg)


14 June 1916

At patrol.

Lat 61.0, Long -14.5

[Wind WNW veering NW force 2-3; sea smooth; very foggy; air temperature average 49°F; sea 50°F]

[Base courses S65°E then S8°W, straight]

9.18am: stopped.

11.37am: observed HMS Alsatian.*

11.45am: boat away to Alsatian with Captain.

12.10pm: boat returned; set course S69°E; keeping station 3 cables astern Alsatian.

1.50pm: stopped.

1.55am: boat away to HMS Alsatian with HMS Moldavia armed guards.

2.25pm: boat returned.

2.30pm: set course S26°W, full speed. [ie for Liverpool]

3.10pm: course S8°W.

6.52pm: course S8°W, full speed.

Coal remaining 909 tons.

Distance run 230 miles.


*[Note: Admiral Tupper reported to the Admiralty that this rendesvoux had been arranged using w/t direction finders, and that both ships had been navigating only by dead reckoning for the past 48 hours. Virginian was ordered to Liverpool with mails. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 453.]


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036790: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-010_1.jpg)


15 June 1916

At sea en route to Liverpool.

Lat 56.5, Long -11.3

[Wind E backing ENE force 3-4; sea slight; foggy then cloudless; air temperature 48-58°F; sea 52°F]

7.00am: course S22°E straight.

9.25am: sighted 2 transports convoyed by a destroyer; course S60°E.*

12.12pm: commenced zigzagging 22°.

2.45pm: sounding: 85 fathoms sand.

5.45pm: courses various through Tory Island Sound.

5.54pm: Tory Island Light abeam 2 miles.

6.12pm: set course N83°E, zigzagging 22°.

7.15pm: Fanad Point abeam.

8.15pm: course S62°E.

10.00pm: altered course to S40°E; various courses through Rathlin Sound.

10.22pm: Rue Point Light abeam.

10.47pm: set course S22°E; Torr Point abeam.

Midnight: set course S16°E.

Distance run 344½ miles.


*[Note: this was the first time the word “convoy” was used in Virginian’s log since it was begun in 1914. A glimpse of the future.]


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036791: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-011_0.jpg)


16 June 1916

At sea en route to and at Liverpool.

Lat 56.1, Long -5.3

[Wind mainly E force 1-2 and variable; sea smooth; mainly cloudless; air temperature 47-70°F; sea 50°F]

0.05am: Maidens Light abeam.

1.25am: Mew Island bearing S80°W 4½ miles.

2.00am: course S4°E, zigzagging 22°.

2.20am: Skulmartin Light abeam 6¼ miles.

2.53am: South Rock Light Vessel abeam.

3.30am: Chickens Light observed.

4.00am: course S7°E, zigzagging 22°.

4.47am: Chickens Light abeam 2 miles.

4.50am: course S43°E, zigzagging 22° to pattern.

8.35am: Bar Light Vessel observed.

8.45am: half speed.

8.48am: Bar Light Vessel abeam.

9.00am: all guns secured and ammunition below.

9.05am: pilot on board.

9.10am: Formby Light Vessel abeam.

Noon: entered Canada Basin.

12.08pm: entered Canada Dock.

1.30pm: made fast alongside wharf at Canada Dock.

3.30pm: liberty men ashore.

Distance run 326½ miles.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036792: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-011_1.jpg)


17 June 1916


At Liverpool, Canada Dock No. 2 Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind W force 2; mainly cloudless; air temperature average 55°F]

[Coaling from 7am to 9.30pm; hands getting in stores and liberty men taking leave]


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036793: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-012_0.jpg)


18 June 1916


At Liverpool, Canada Dock No. 2 Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW force 2; mainly cloudless; air temperature average 55°F]

8.00am: scalers, fitters and labourers on board.

8.45-12.45pm: church parties.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036794: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-012_1.jpg)


19 June 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock No. 2 Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW force 3; mainly cloudy; air temperature average 58°F]

[Coaling from 7.00am to 9.30pm; hands getting in stores and liberty men taking leave]

4.20pm: hauled ship around dock.

5.00pm: made fast.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036795: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-013_0.jpg)


20 June 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock No. 2 Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW force 3; mainly cloudy; air temperature average 58°F]

[Coaling from 7.00am to 10.00pm; hands getting in stores and liberty men taking leave]

2.55pm: aerial guards exercised.

7.00pm: duty party hauling ship off to allow coal lighters inside.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036796: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-013_1.jpg)


21 June 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock No. 2 Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; cloudless; air temperature average 65°F]

[Coaling from 7.00am to 9.30pm; hands getting in stores and liberty men taking leave]

9.00am: Harland and Wolff gang dismantling guns.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036797: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-014_0.jpg)


22 June 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock No. 2 Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; broken cloud; air temperature average 60°F]

[Coaling from 7.00am to 9.30pm; hands getting in stores and liberty men taking leave]

7.45am: 4 boys and 3 AB’s joined the ship.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036798: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-014_1.jpg)



23 June 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock No. 2 Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SE force 2; broken cloud; air temperature average 60°F]

[Coaling from 7.00am to 10.00am; hands getting in stores and liberty men taking leave]

10.00am: finished coaling; 4 Ordinary Seamen discharged to HMS Victory.

10.10am: long leave liberty men return; 2 Midshipmen joined ship from HMS Excellent.

12.30pm: Midshipman Eagle left ship for HMS Laforey.

8.00pm: R Serth [?], ship’s cook, joined the ship.


4caf8c7ccadfd34197036799: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-015_0.jpg)


24 June 1916


At Liverpool, Canada Dock No. 2 Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly calm then W; broken cloud; air temperature average 65°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

2.30pm: shifted ship 1 berth astern.

3.30pm: made fast.


4caf8c7ccadfd3419703679a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-015_1.jpg)


25 June 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock No. 2 Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NE and N force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 60°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

[8.30am-12.30pm: church parties]


4caf8c7ccadfd3419703679b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-016_0.jpg)


26 June 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock No. 2 Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly S force 2; cloudy with drizzle; air temperature average 60°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

9.15am: John Mclean, ship’s cook, discharged to HMS Alsatian.

12.30pm: assistant baker discharged.


4caf8c7ccadfd3419703679c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-016_1.jpg)


27 June 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly calm; cloudy; air temperature average 62°F]

7.45am: pilot returned; commenced to take in moorings.

8.35am: cast off moorings; shifted ship to Canada Tongue wih assistance of tugs Bison and Otter.

9.15am: made fast at Canada Tongue.


4caf8c7ccadfd3419703679d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-017_0.jpg)


28 June 1916


At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly calm and ‘light airs’; cloudy; air temperature average 62°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]


4caf8c7dcadfd3419703679e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-017_1.jpg)


29 June 1916


At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NW force 2; broken cloud; air temperature average 62°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

8.00am: singled in moorings.

9.30am: hauled ship from quay to allow HMS Marmora alongside.

11.00pm: Watch returned from leave.


4caf8c7dcadfd3419703679f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-018_0.jpg)


30 June 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SW and NW force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 59°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367a0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-018_1.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367a1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367a2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367a3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367a4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367a5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367a6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67716/ADM 53-67716-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR JULY 1916


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367a7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367a8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367a9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367aa: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367ab: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367ac: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-003_1.jpg)


1 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SE force 2-3; overcast with rain; air temperature average 59°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

8.10am: corporal RMLI joined ship.

10.00am: Sergeant Anning RMLI discharged to barracks.

2.30pm: J Bevan, fireman, brought on board from gaol.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367ad: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-004_0.jpg)


2 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SE force 2; cloudy rain; air temperature average 60°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

[8.30am to 12.15pm: church parties]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367ae: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-004_1.jpg)


3 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly calm; overcast and misty; air temperature average 60°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

12.45-1.30pm: hands mustered for payment.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367af: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-005_0.jpg)


4 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly ‘light airs’; cloudy; air temperature average 64°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

7.00am: 2 boys joined from barracks.

1.15pm: hands employed scraping boarding boat and splicing new funnel guys.



4caf8c7dcadfd341970367b0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-005_1.jpg)


5 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable; cloudy; air temperature average 64°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

9.00am: hands employed rigging new funnel guys.

Noon: pilot on board.

2.20pm: tugs alongside.

2.40pm: made fast tugs; cast off moorings and proceeded into Canada Dock.

3.15pm: alongside

3.45pm: made fast quarter outside SS Murmansk.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367b1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-006_0.jpg)


6 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly S force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 60°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

8.15am: landing party fall in on wharf for route march.

11.45 party returned.

1.45pm: hauled ship out to allow SS Durango inside.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367b2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-006_1.jpg)


7 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly E force 2; overcast with drizzle; air temperature average 59°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

1.50am: hauled ship off to allow SS Missanabe out; breasted ship in again.

2.30am: made fast.

9.00am: hands fell in to shift ship astern of SS Durango.

9.45am: made fast.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367b3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-007_0.jpg)


8 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly W force 2-3; cloudy; air temperature average 60°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

[Usual Saturday routine’]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367b4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-007_1.jpg)


9 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly W force 2-3; cloudy; air temperature average 60°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

[8.30am to 12.05pm: church parties]

11.30pm: 2 stokers arrested for coming on board over forecastle and going ashore without leave.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367b5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-008_0.jpg)


10 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable SSE to NW force 2-3; cloudy; air temperature average 62°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

11.15am: Matthew Smith, Trimmer, discharged.

1.15pm: hands fall in; boys to school.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367b6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-008_1.jpg)


11 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NW force 2-3; cloudy; air temperature average 62°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

11.45am: tugs alongside.

Noon: singled in moorings.

12.05pm: gangway in.

12.15pm: commenced shifting from Canada Dock to Tongue.

12.50pm: made fast alongside HMS Marmora.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367b7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-009_0.jpg)


12 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NW force 2; overcast with drizzle; air temperature average 61°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

11.50am: HMS Teutonic arrived.

2.00pm: cricket team ashore; plate glass broken in skylight on boat deck.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367b8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-009_1.jpg)


13 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly N and NW force 2; overcast with drizzle; air temperature average 61°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

8.15am: landing party ashore for drill.

11.50am: landing party returned.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367b9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-010_0.jpg)


14 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NNW force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 61°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

6.45am: police on board to keep watch.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367ba: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-010_1.jpg)


15 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NW force 2 and calm; cloudy; air temperature average 64°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

6.45am: 10 electricians, 50 boilermakers, 20 boys and 9 labourers on board from Harland and Wolff.*

10.40am: discharged 1 seaman for Chatham, and 1 PO and 1 RM for Portsmouth.

*[Note: Virginian was being fitted with 6” guns, a process that was to take an inordinately long time, and raised concerns at the Admiralty. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 480.]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367bb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-011_0.jpg)


16 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly W force 1; overcast; air temperature average 64°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

6.05am: over 100 electricians, carpenters and boilermakers from Harland and Wolff working on board.

[-am: church parties]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367bc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-011_1.jpg)


17 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; overcast; air temperature average 64°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

7.00am: Harland and Wolff workmen on board.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367bd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-012_0.jpg)


18 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm then W force 2; overcast; air temperature average 64°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

7.15am: HMS Victorian entered dock; 150 Harland and Wolff workmen on board.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367be: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-012_1.jpg)


19 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm then NW force 2; overcast; air temperature average 65°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

7.00am: 1 Private RMLI joined from barracks.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367bf: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-013_0.jpg)


20 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW force 2 then variable; cloudy; air temperature average 68°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

8.45am: hands fall in on wharf for route march.

7.00pm: heaved ship off to allow crane inside for use by HMS Marmora.

7.45pm: moored ship alongside HMS Marmora.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367c0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-013_1.jpg)


21 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW force 0-2; cloudy; air temperature average 68°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

9.40pm: McDonagh, Seaman RNR, sent ashore to hospital.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367c1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-014_0.jpg)


22 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW force 0-2; cloudless; air temperature average 70°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

7.00am: 170 workmen of Harland and Wolff working on board.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367c2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-014_1.jpg)


23 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 1; cloudless; air temperature average 72°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

7.00am: 120 electricians, carpenters and boilermakers from Harland and Wolff working on board.

[-am: church parties and Captain’s inspection]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367c3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-015_0.jpg)


24 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind S force 2; cloudless; air temperature average 72°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

9.15am: Warrant No. 52 read.

10.00am: 1 man discharged to Walton Goal for 90 days (Rae, AB RNVR).

2.30pm: McDonough, AB RNR returned from hospital.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367c4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-015_1.jpg)


25 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; cloudless; air temperature average 72°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

3.15am: crane Hercules alongside; deposited magazines on board.

3.40pm: Midshipman Apperly RNR joined ship.

10.03pm: piped down.

10.35pm: SS Chirripo made fast alongside.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367c5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-016_0.jpg)


26 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; cloudless; air temperature average 65°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

7.20am: 1 RMLI joined the ship from Forton Barracks. [Gosport]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367c6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-016_1.jpg)


27 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW force 2; broken cloud; air temperature average 68°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

8.15am: ship’s company landed for Company and Battalion drill in park.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367c7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-017_0.jpg)


28 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; broken cloud; air temperature average 70°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

7.00am:180 Harland and Wolff workmen on board.

8.45am: crane Hercules placing gun mountings on poop.

1.00pm: leave to Starboard Watch until 4th August.

1.55pm: hove ship astern to get forward guns in position.

4.15pm: hove ship ahead to original position: ( 2 guns on forecastle head and 2 on poop).

10.00pm: piped down.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367c8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-017_1.jpg)


29 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind N force 1; cloudless; air temperature average 62°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

7.00am: Pt. J Rytall RMLI joined ship from Forton.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367c9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-018_0.jpg)


30 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SE force 1; cloudless; air temperature average 67°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

[-am: church parties]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367ca: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-018_1.jpg)


31 July 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW force 1-3; broken cloud; air temperature average 68°F]

[Crew getting in stores, cleaning ship and liberty men taking leave]

5.30pm: received orders to shift to No 2 Canada Branch NE Berth at 5.00am 1st August.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367cb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-019_0.jpg)

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4caf8c7dcadfd341970367cd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367ce: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367cf: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367d0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67717/ADM 53-67717-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR AUGUST 1916


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367d1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367d2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367d3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367d4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367d5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367d6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-003_1.jpg)


1 August 1916


At Liverpool, Canada Tongue and NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW and W force 1; broken cloud; air temperature average 75°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave]

5.00am: stand by to shift ship.

5.45am: left Canada Tongue assisted by tugs Bison and Gladstone.

7.35am: all fast in berth No.2 Canada Branch NE berth.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367d7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-004_0.jpg)


2 August 1916

At Liverpool, NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW and WNW force 1; cloudy; air temperature average 70°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367d8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-004_1.jpg)


3 August 1916

At Liverpool, NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW force 2-3; cloudy; air temperature average 68°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367d9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-005_0.jpg)


4 August 1916

At Liverpool, NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind WNW force 1; cloudy; air temperature average 66°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave]

8.00am: commenced coaling starboard side.

4.00pm: Starboard Watch returned from leave.

5.00pm: Port Watch on leave.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367da: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-005_1.jpg)


5 August 1916

At Liverpool, NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW force 1; cloudless then gloomy; air temperature average 68°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave].

11.00am: J Graham, Carpenter, discharged.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367db: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-006_0.jpg)


6 August 1916

At Liverpool, NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 65°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave].

[-am: church parties]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367dc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-006_1.jpg)


7 August 1916

At Liverpool, NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind E force 2; broken cloud; air temperature average 65°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave].

7.45pm: E Martin ABS joined ship from Portsmouth.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367dd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-007_0.jpg)


8 August 1916

At Liverpool, NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind S force 3; broken cloud; air temperature average 65°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave].

3.00pm: crane Hercules alongside with No 3 & 4 guns.

6.30pm: all guns now on board.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367de: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-007_1.jpg)


9 August 1916

At Liverpool, NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind S force 1; broken cloud; air temperature average 66°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave].

4.30pm: Stoker Dwyer on Warrant No.54 sentenced to 90 Days H.L.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367df: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-008_0.jpg)


10 August 1916

At Liverpool, NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 1; broken cloud; air temperature average 66°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave].


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367e0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-008_1.jpg)


11 August 1916

At Liverpool, NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind ESE force 1; broken cloud; air temperature average 70°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave].

9.00am: 3 men ashore to dentist.

6:00pm: Engineer Sub Lt. Ellis joined.

11.00pm: Port Watch returned from leave.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367e1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-009_0.jpg)


12 August 1916

At Liverpool, NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind ESE force 3; broken cloud then drizzle; air temperature average 70°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave].

Noon: leave to Starboard Watch until 7.00am Monday.

1.00pm: commenced stability test.

2.45pm: stability test finished.

11.55pm: McDonald (Seaman) returned on board and put in cells. (Broke out of ship Thursday night).


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367e2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-009_1.jpg)


13 August 1916

At Liverpool, NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SE force 1-2; broken cloud; air temperature average 70°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave].

[-am: church parties]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367e3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-010_0.jpg)


14 August 1916

At Liverpool, NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind W force 1-2; rain; air temperature average 70°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave].

4.30pm: Warrant No. 55 McDonald (Trimmer) 90 Days Hard Labour.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367e4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-010_1.jpg)


15 August 1916

At Liverpool, NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind W force 2; rain; air temperature average 65°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave].

1.15pm: boarding boat away to test motor engine.

4.00pm: magazine flooding valves tested.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367e5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-011_0.jpg)


16 August 1916

At Liverpool, NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind W force 2; broken cloud; air temperature average 65°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave].

9.00am: hands provisioning ship.

1.15pm: hands rigging gear for ammunitioning ship.

3.00pm: sentries posted on dock keeping watch on ammunition.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367e6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-011_1.jpg)


17 August 1916

At Liverpool, NE Canada Dock Branch.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable; broken cloud; air temperature average 65°F]

7.00am: hands employed shipping ammunition.

6.30pm: all ammunition on board.

8.00pm: boys Gray and Roakes to hospital.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367e7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-012_0.jpg)


18 August 1916


At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW force 1-3; overcast; air temperature average 64°F]

5.05am: called Port Watch to shift ship.

5.30am: commenced to shift ship to Canada Tongue assisted by tugs Coburg and Trafalgar.

7.30am: all fast alongside HMS Marmora.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367e8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-012_1.jpg)


19 August 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Tongue.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW force 2; overcast; air temperature average 64°F]

[Crew cleaning and painting ship, making and mending and liberty men taking leave].

9.45am: 4 new marines joined.

12.30pm: Midshipmen Frost and Wittup left for barracks in charge of men.

2.50pm: received 1 [post] bag for Alsatian.

4.30pm: Steward Thompson discharged.

4.45pm: Engineer Sub Lt. Little discharged to HMS Eagle.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367e9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-013_0.jpg)


20 August 1916

At Liverpool and at sea.

Lat 53.5, Long -4.2

[Wind NW force 2-4; sea slight; rain squalls then broken cloud; air temperature average 61°F, sea 59°F]

0.30am: Port Watch called up and to cocoa.

1.00am: singled up moorings and proceeded to Sandon Dock with 2 tugs in attendance, Otter and Beaver.

2.45am: alongside Mauretania.

3.45am: Starboard Watch called; let go and proceeded to river.

4.30am: let go starboard anchor with 60 fathoms of cable.

9.00am: commenced swinging ship to adjust compass; Commander Norfolk RN superintending.

Noon: compass adjusted.

1.45pm: Commander Norfolk ashore.

3.58pm: commenced heaving up.

4.05pm: anchor up and proceeded down river.

4.07pm: clocks put back 1 hour to GMT.

4.16pm: pilot left.

4.20pm: passed Formby Light Vessel; log streamed and set.

4.40pm: Bar Light Vessel; set Course NW Zig Zag 22°.

8.00pm: Chickens Lighthouse bearing N30°W.

8.40pm: Chickens Light bearing N37°E 3 miles; altered course N5°W.

11.33pm: Skulmartin Light Vessel abeam 3½ miles.

Coal remaining 3228 tons.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367ea: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-013_1.jpg)


21 August 1916

At sea en route to patrol ground.*

Lat 55.3, Long -7.5

[Wind NW backing SW force 2-4; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 62°F, sea 62°F]

0.19am: Mew Island Light abeam 4 miles.

1.35am: Maidens abeam 5 miles.

1.43am: Highland Rock abeam 3 miles; altered course N24°W.

3.10am: altered course to N40°W; courses to Commander through Rathlin Sound.

3.56am: Green Island abeam.

5.00am: zig zag 22°.

6.10am: Inishitrahull Light abeam.

6.20am: altered course to N80°W.

8.45am: Tory Island abeam 1½ miles; altered course to N69°W.

2.20pm: altered course to N51°W, zig zagging 22°.

5.30pm: reduced speed to 13 knots, straight course.

Distance run 285 miles.


*[Virginian had been ordered to ‘A’ Patrol, north of the Faroes.]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367eb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-014_0.jpg)


22 August 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.8, Long -15.1

[Wind SE backing ESE force 2-6; sea moderate to rough; cloudy; air temperature average 60°F, sea 60°F]

[Base course N26°E]

2.23am: course N26°E.

11.00am: tested gun mountings.

4.15pm: sighted steamer.

4.40pm: away boarding boat to Russian SS Kamenetz-Podolsk.

5.20pm: boat returned; resumed course and speed.

Distance run 302 miles.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367ec: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-014_1.jpg)


23 August 1916

At patrol.

Lat 61.0, Long -14.1

[Wind SE force 4-5; sea moderate; overcast; air temperature average 55°F, sea 56°F]

[Base course N67°E]

5.11am: course S65°E.

8.00am: challenged HMS Alsatian; full speed; course and speed to Commander’s order.

10.20am: Admiral Tupper visted ship.*

12.10pm: Admiral returned to Alsatian; set course N67°E [towards “A” Patrol area]

8.00pm: Lat. 62°16½’N, 11°59’W.

Distance run 239½ miles.


*[Note: during this visit, Admiral Tupper cruised with Virginian in a moderately rough sea to examine the stability of the new 6” gun mountings, and was satisfied that “the ship is now efficiently armed.” See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 493.]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367ed: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-015_0.jpg)


24 August 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.5, Long -9.1

[Wind mainly E force 4; sea moderate; overcast; air temperature average 48°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses N67°E, S22°W, straight and zigzagging]

0.31am: altered course to intercept steamer.

1.26am: resumed course N67°E.

5.00am: commenced zigzagging 22°.

9.45am: straight course.

Noon: altered course to N51°E.

3.56pm: altered course to S22°W, zigzagging 26°.

9.00pm: straight course, 11 knots.

Midnight: course N24°E.

Distance run 254 miles.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367ee: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-015_1.jpg)


25 August 1916

At patrol.

Lat 65.4, Long -6.6

[Wind mainly NE force 3; sea slight; overcast; air temperature average 46°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses N24°E, S22°W, straight and zigzagging]

4.15am: commenced zigzagging 22°.

9.45am: altered course to N67°E to intercept steamer.

10.00am: full speed.

11.00am: altered course to N24°E, zigzagging 26°.

11.15am: altered course to S22°W, zigzagging 26°.

9.00pm: course S22°W, straight.

Distance run 262½ miles.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367ef: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-016_0.jpg)


26 August 1916

At patrol.

Lat 64.4, Long -6.4

[Wind mainly N force 3-4; sea slight; overcast with rain squalls; air temperature average 45°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses N24°E, S60°W, straight and zigzagging]

4.20am: commenced zigzagging 26°.

8.20 to 9.00am: examining troopship.

11.05am: altered course to S22°W.

12.20pm: course S60°W, zigzagging 26°.

8.43pm: altered course to S70°W to intercept steamer.

10.18pm: straight course.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 261 miles.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367f0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-016_1.jpg)


27 August 1916

At patrol.

Lat 64.1, Long -9.5

[Wind mainly N force 3-4; sea moderate; overcast with rain; air temperature average 47°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses N26°E, S22°W, straight and zigzagging]

[early am-various NE courses]

9.50am: stopped; away boarding boat to Russian SS Krasnoiarsk.

10.30am: boat returned and proceeded to examine Danish sailing trawler Himalaya.*

12.20pm: boat returned then proceeded to examine Swedish trawler Alexander.

3.10pm: boat returned; set course S22°W.

11.20pm: course S45°E, full speed.**

Distance run 228 miles.


*[Note: clearly written, but not identified. Possibly Hjalmar.]


**[Note: the log entries for this and the next day camouflage a significant event for the ship and its Captain, Michael Henry Wilding (1875-1933). Admiral Tupper reported to the Admiralty that when the Alexander was stopped, in 64°31’N, 9°49’W, it was carrying 19 barrels of herring from Iceland to Gothenburg, a cargo which was technically the property of the crew. The crew indicated that they would rather throw the fish overboard rather than go into Lerwick, and Commander Wilding allowed them to keep 12 barrels of fish and to proceed. Admiral Tupper was very unhappy with this decision, and ordered Virginian to find the trawler and send her into Lerwick on the grounds that she may have been German-owned but under Swedish colours. Virginian was unable to locate the Alexander, and the morning of the next day’s log reflects this search. Admiral Tupper also directly criticised Commander Wilding to the Admiralty, saying “Commander Wilding has had but little experience in this work, but is a zealous Officer.” Wilding retired in 1918, aged 43, as a Captain, and did not progress his naval career. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 494-5.]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367f1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-017_0.jpg)


28 August 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.1, Long -5.2

[Wind mainly NW and W force 3; sea slight; overcast with rain; air temperature average 48°F, sea 50°F]

[-am; various SE courses]

4.55am: altered course to S50°E to examine trawler.

6.21am: Fuglo Point abeam 3½ miles.

10.10am: RNR training class for 6” gun stripping; remainder of hands overhauling coaling gear.

1.00pm: altered course to N37°E.

4.50pm: altered course to N10°W to intercept trawler.

5.15pm: stopped; away boarding boat to Swedish trawler Andus; taken to Lerwick with guard.*

5.35pm: boat returned.

5.45pm: set course N45°W.

Number on sick list: 4.

Distance run 279½ miles.


*[Note: see note above to previous day’s log.]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367f2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-017_1.jpg)


29 August 1916

At patrol.

Lat 64.1, Long -6.5

[Wind mainly N force 3; sea slight; overcast with rain squalls; air temperature average 47°F, sea 48°F]

[Base courses N33°W, S22°W, straight]

[9.45am: classes in gunnery, pistol drill, spotting and infantry drill]

3.00pm: T124Z Articles read to mercantile crew.*

Midnight: course N26°E.

Number on sick list: 4.

Distance run 281 miles.


*[Note: at the beginning of the war the Royal Navy realised that it would not be able to man all the auxiliary vessels it required and so a number of officers and men of the Merchant Navy agreed to serve with the Royal Navy under the T.124 agreement, which made them subject to Naval discipline while generally retaining their Merchant Navy rates of pay and other conditions. See http://www.rootschat.com/forum/index.php?topic=311199.0

For a discussion. Also note that there was discontent in the Squadron over pay and conditions, and even stirkes, referred to as “mutinies” on some ships such as HMS Teutonic. Primarily the discontent was related to the fact that the mercantile seamen expected wages and conditions (such as food) comparable to the standards in the Merchant Navy, whereas the RN expected them to have the same as the Royal Navy, which was often inferior.

See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 406-7.]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367f3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-018_0.jpg)


30 August 1916

At patrol.

Lat 64.2, Long -10.1

[Wind mainly N force 3; sea slight; overcast with rain squalls; air temperature average 47°F, sea 48°F]

[Base courses N26°E, S26°W, straight and zigzagging]

4.40am: commenced zigzagging 22°

9.50am: general quarters; target out; courses and speed to Commander’s orders; carried out 1” aiming rifle practice.

11.15am: picked up target.

11.45am: course N26°E.

1.15pm: course S22°W.

5.00pm: stopped engines, away boarding boat.

6.00pm: boat returned; set co S23°W.

Distance run 246 miles.


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367f4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-018_1.jpg)


31 August 1916

At patrol.

Lat 64.2, Long -9.5

[Wind variable NW to SE force 3-5; sea slight; overcast with rain; air temperature average 50°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses N26°E, S23°W, straight and zigzagging]

5.00am: commenced zigzagging 22°.

Noon: altered course to S23°W, straight course.

7.25pm: altered course to S17° to intercept fishing vessel.

7.45pm: boarding boat away.

9.00pm: courses and speed to Commander’s order.

10.00pm: vessel awaiting orders from Senior Officer, 10th Cruiser Squadron.*

Distance run 238 miles.


*[Note: see note to log 27th August above.]


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367f5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-019_0.jpg)

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4caf8c7dcadfd341970367f7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367f8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367f9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367fa: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67718/ADM 53-67718-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR SEPTEMBER 1916


4caf8c7dcadfd341970367fb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367fc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367fd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c7dcadfd341970367fe: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c7ecadfd341970367ff: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036800: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-003_1.jpg)


1 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long -11.5

[Wind variable mainly W force 3-4; sea slight; mist then broken cloud; air temperature average 52°F, sea 51°F]

[Base courses S65-67°W, straight]

0.50am: boarding boat returned; fishing vessel allowed to proceed.

7.05am: altered course to S85°W.

7.30am: stopped; away boarding boat.

8.00am: boarding boat returned; set course S65°W.

11.00am: magazine flooding valves tested-correct.

9.00pm: allowed 3° for leeway.

Number on sick list: 1.

Distance run 197½ miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036801: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-004_0.jpg)


2 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.1, Long -17.3

[Wind variable mainly NW force 6-1; sea moderate; broken cloud; air temperature average 53°F, sea 54°F]

4.16am: course N83°W.

8.18am: altered course to N5°W.

9.07am: stopped engines; away boarding boat to Danish SS.

10.15am: boarding boat returned; set course S87°W.

1.30pm: course N60°W.

Midnight: course S54°E.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 215½ miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036802: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-004_1.jpg)


3 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.1, Long -17.2

[Wind mainly SSE force 1-2; sea smooth; broken cloud; air temperature average 53°F, sea 54°F]

[Base courses N82-3°W, S83°E, straight and zigzagging]

1.32pm: course N82°W, zigzagging 28°.

6.00pm: course S83°E, zigzagging 28°.

9.00pm: straight course.

Distance run 245 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036803: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-005_0.jpg)


4 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.2, Long -15.3

[Wind mainly NW force 1-2; sea smooth; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 53°F, sea 54°F]

[Base courses N89°E, S83°E, straight and zigzagging]

5.00am: commenced zigzagging 28°.

12.28pm: altered course to N22°E to intercept steamer [followed by various N courses]

2.50pm: stopped; away boarding boat.

3.15pm: boarding boat returned.

3.20pm: set course N89°E, zigzagging 28°.

8.35pm: straight course.

Distance run 267 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036804: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-005_1.jpg)


5 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.4, Long -8.7

[Wind mainly S force 3-5; sea slight; mainly cloud and mist; air temperature average 51°F, sea 51°F]

[Base courses N89°E, S28°E, straight and zigzagging]

5.00am: commenced zigzagging 28°.

8.40am: stopped; put target outboard; courses to Commander .

9.40am: target onboard; set course S47°E [followed by various SE courses]

12.20pm: Mykines Lighthouse [Faroes] bearing S39°W.

2.25pm: Fuglo Island bearing S42°W 2½ miles.

Coal remaining 1198 tons.

Distance run 276 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036805: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-006_0.jpg)


6 September 1916


At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind S and SW force 1-4; sea slight; misty; air temperature average 48°F]

2.00am: increased to full speed.

3.50am: course S63°E.

4.10am: anchor inboard.

4.15am: cleared the heads.

4.37am: engines and helm to Commander’s order.

4.40am: passed obstruction; ordered to anchor in No. 3 Berth.

5.10am: let go starboard anchor.

5.40am: vessel brought up.

6.00am: collier Westgarth fast on port side.

6.25am: collier Cairnnevis fast on Starboard side.

8.00am: commenced coaling.

5.05pm: Cairnnevis left and Foreland made fast in place.

7.00pm: finished coaling for the day.

Number on sick list: 3.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036806: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-006_1.jpg)


7 September 1916

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind variable force 1; broken cloud; air temperature average 46°F]

7.00am: Starboard Watch commenced coaling.

8.00am: Port Watch continued coaling.

3.45pm: collier Westgarth finished.

7.30pm: ceased coaling for the day.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036807: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-007_0.jpg)


8 September 1916


At Busta Voe and at sea en route to patrol ground.*

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind mainly SW force 2; broken cloud; air temperature average 55°F]

6.15am: continued coaling.

11.00am: finished coaling.

11.55am: colliers left.

12.30pm: 7 [sic] armed guards joined for passage; 8 officers, 10 marines, 17 seamen.

2.30pm: received dispatches for Teutonic.

6.20pm: Padre, RC, left ship.

7.30pm: hove anchor up short.

7.38pm: anchor up.

8.00pm: helm and engines to Commander’s order.

8.03pm: passed obstruction.

8.50pm: Esha Ness Light abeam 3 miles; course S76°W.

Midnight: altered course to N68°W.


*[Note: Virginian is now on “C” Patrol, S of the Faroes]


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036808: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-007_1.jpg)


9 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.4, Long -6.6

[Wind mainly W force 3-4; sea slight; mainly cloudy; air temperature average 54°F, sea 54°F]

[Base courses N68-74°W, S63°W, straight]

5.45pm: sounded to 84 fathoms; fine sand and gravel.

6.00pm: altered course to N3°E.

7.18pm: challenged HMS Otway; altered course to N70°E.

7.55pm: transferred armed guards and proceeded S63°W.

Distance run 163 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036809: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-008_0.jpg)


10 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.5, Long -11.9

[Wind mainly SW force 3-5; sea moderate; overcast with rain squalls; air temperature average 54°F, sea 55°F]

[Base courses N74°W, S63°W, straight]

5.25am: challenged HMS’s Teutonic and Andes; courses various to Commander’s order to rendezvous

5.37am; dispatches transferred to Teutonic.

6.00am: proceeded S to rendezvous with Andes.

7.00am: stopped; transferred armed guards to Andes.

7.42am: set course N82°W.

9.45am: divisions and Commander’s [sic] inspection.

11.10am: altered course to S36°W to intercept Norwegian sailing vessel.

11.55am: stopped; boarding boat away.

12.25pm: boarding boat returned; set course N74°W.

9.50pm: altered course to S22°E to intercept an SS.

10.30pm: stopped; boarding boat away.

11.47pm: boarding boat returned; set course S77°E.

Distance run 271 miles


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703680a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-008_1.jpg)


11 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.2, Long -12.9

[Wind W force 3-5; sea moderate; overcast with mist; air temperature average 54°F, sea 55°F]

[Base courses N77°W, S77-78°E, straight]

3.35pm: altered course to N.

3.40pm: stopped; boarding boat away.

4.40pm: boarding boat returned; set course N78°W.

6.30pm: course S77°E.

Distance run 232½ miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703680b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-009_0.jpg)


12 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.0, Long -12.3

[Wind NW force 3-5; sea moderate; overcast with mist and squalls; air temperature average 55°F, sea 55°F]

[Base courses N77°W, S77°E, straight]

7.00am: altered course to N60°W to intercept steamer [followed by various NW courses, but no further reference to steamer]

1.50pm: altered course to S23°W and various.

2.25pm: stopped; boarding boat away to Danish SS Texas.

2.55pm: boat returned; set course N66°W.

4.15pm: altered course to N76°W and various.

4.29pm: stopped; away boarding boat to Norwegian SS Kolaastind.

5.52pm: boat returned; set course N60°E.

5.37pm: course N57°W.

8.25pm: course S77°E.

Distance run 222 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703680c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-009_1.jpg)


13 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 58.8, Long -13.1

[Wind NW force 3-5; sea moderate; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 52°F, sea 54°F]

[Base courses N77°W, S77°E, straight]

5.00am: course N77°W, 4° for leeway.

10.00am: 6° leeway.

10.55am: altered course to S73°W to intercept steamer.

11.15am: stopped; boarding boat away to Danish SS California.

11.50am: boarding boat returned; set course N74°W.

3.45pm: altered course WxS to intercept sailing vessel.

5.05pm: boarding boat away to Danish auxiliary sailing vessel Ivigtut.

5.31pm: boarding boat returned; set course S54°W.

6.25pm: altered course to N43°E to intercept steamer.

7.30pm: stopped; away boarding boat to Danish SS Tuborg.

8.05pm: boarding boat returned; set course E½S.

8.15pm: course S77°E.

11.00pm: patent log found to be foul-cleared.

Distance run 187 miles.

4caf8c7ecadfd3419703680d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-010_0.jpg)


14 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 58.9, Long -12.5

[Wind NNE backing W force 3-6; sea moderate; squalls and mist; air temperature average 52°F, sea 53°F]

[Base courses N76°W, S77°E, straight and zigzagging]

6.00am: altered course to S22°E to intercept SS San Jeronimo; allowed to proceed.

7.00am: course N77°W, zigzagging 22°.

9.00am: straight course.

6.30pm: straight course S77°E.

11.20pm: altered course N40°W to intercept SS.

11.40pm: ship’s alarm rung; hands to action stations.

11.55pm: altered course to W.

Distance run 223 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703680e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-010_1.jpg)


15 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.0, Long -12.6

[Wind mainly NW force 5; sea moderate; misty; air temperature average 54°F, sea 54°F]

[Base courses N76°W, S77°E, straight]

2.00pm: allowed 2° leeway.

4.27pm: altered course to N20°W to intercept steamer.

5.18pm: altered course to S58°W.

6.40pm: course S77°E.

Distance run 226 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703680f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-011_0.jpg)


16 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 58.9, Long -12.2

[Wind NW backing WSW force 2-4; sea slight; mist then broken cloud; air temperature average 55°F, sea 54°F]

[Base courses N76°W, S77°E, straight]

7.56am: altered course to S75°W.

8.25am: stopped; away boarding boat to Norwegian SS Goute [sic; possibly Grete, Greta or Grethe]

9.05am: boarding boat returned; set course N76°W.

9.08am: challenged HMS Almanzora.

8.27pm: course S77°E.

Distance run 224½ miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036810: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-011_1.jpg)


17 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.0, Long -13.2

[Wind WSW veering NW force 2-8; sea rough; broken cloud and squalls; air temperature average 54°F, sea 54°F]

[Base courses N76°W, S77°E, straight]

1.00pm: 3° leeway.

3.00pm: 5° leeway.

4.00pm: 10° leeway.

8.35pm: course S58°E.

Distance run 240½ miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036811: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-012_0.jpg)


18 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.1, Long -9.7

[Wind NW veering NNE force 5-9; sea very rough; cloud and squalls; air temperature average 50°F, sea 52°F]

2.00am: course S77°E.

5.40am: altered course to N57°E; 7° for leeway.

10.35am: vessel hove to bearing N5°E.

1.00pm: surveyed and found unfit for further use and destroyed by fire: leather sea boots, 12 pairs, rubber sea boots, 4 pairs, stokehold boots, 48 pairs.

4.50pm: spoke to Danish SS Lejre.

4.55pm: altered course to N23°E.

Distance run 203 miles.

4caf8c7ecadfd34197036812: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-012_1.jpg)


19 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.9, Long -8.8

[Wind NNE force 6-2; sea rough to moderate; broken cloud; air temperature average 51°F, sea 53°F]

2.00am: vessel hove to.

6.00am: set course S68°E.

7.55am: altered course to S16°E to intercept SS.

9.04am: SS allowed to proceed; set course E.

9.50am: altered course to N76°E.

12.30pm: altered course to S76°W.

5.45pm: altered course to N76°E.

Distance run 73 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036813: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-013_0.jpg)


20 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.6, Long -7.1

[Wind N veering E force 3; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 48°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses N76°E, S76°W, straight]

6.30am: altered course to S76°W; intercepted sailing fishing vessel; correct.

8.10am: altered course to S35°W; challenged HMS Motagua; stopped to receive armed guards from Motagua.

10.00am: set course N51°E.

3.43pm: Sydetro [sic: Suduroy, Faroes] Lighthouse abeam 7 miles.

4.20pm: course N74°W.

Distance run 241 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036814: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-013_1.jpg)


21 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.3, Long -2.0

[Wind mainly E force 3; sea slight; overcast; air temperature average 47°F, sea 48°F]

6.05am: altered course to S40°E to intercept Norwegian SS Diana.

6.30am: stopped; away boarding boat.

7.15am: boarding boat returned; set course S29°W.

9.50am: general quarters; tested gun mountings, 4 rounds per gun.

Noon: altered course to N32°E.

1.30pm: swinging ship to adjust standard compass.

2.25pm: intercepted Swedish SS John [sic: possibly John Rettig]

3.05pm: set course N25°E.

4.30pm: worn out articles of marines’ clothing surveyed and destroyed in accordance with MO173/16.

6.00pm: altered course to S18°W.

Midnight: altered course to N20°E.

Distance run 273 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036815: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-014_0.jpg)


22 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.1, Long -2.0

[Wind SW force 3-4; sea slight; cloudy; air temperature average 48°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses N19-20°E, S18°W, straight]

6.00am: course S18°W.

8.55am: commenced to carry out 6” gun practice. Courses and speeds to Commander’s order.

10.00am: resumed course.

1.10pm: course N19°E.

5.00pm: course S18°W.

Coal remaining 1216 tons.

Distance run 238 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036816: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-014_1.jpg)


23 September 1916

At Swarbacks Minn.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind SSW force 3-4; sea slight; misty; air temperature average 49°F]

2.15am: sounded: 62 fathoms fine sand.

2.35am: altered course to S68°W.

2.55am: altered course to W.

3.00am: sounded: 62 fathoms fine sand.

4.00am: altered course SSW; sounded: 75 fathoms fine sand.

4.32am: sounded: 70 fathoms sand and gravel.

5.28am: sounded: 75 fathoms fine sand.

6.04am: sounded: 62 fathoms gravel.

7.15am: altered course S45°E; sighted Skerries; sounded: 49 fathoms gravel; altered course to S61°E; engines and helm to Commander’s order.

8.12am: Muckle Roe Lighthouse abeam; log inboard.

8.20am: passed obstruction; ordered to No.3 Berth.

8.45am: vessel brought up in 14½ fathoms, with 60 fathoms of cable.

9.40am: colliers Cundall and St Gothard alongside.

11.00am: commenced coaling.

-pm: coaling by watches throughout.

8.00pm: finished coaling for the day.

Distance run 244½ miles.

4caf8c7ecadfd34197036817: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-015_0.jpg)


24 September 1916

At Swarbacks Minn, No. 3 Berth.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind variable force 1; broken cloud; air temperature average 54°F]

[6.30am to 5.55pm: coaling]


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036818: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-015_1.jpg)


25 September 1916


At Swarbacks Minn, No. 3 Berth.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind variable then E force 1; broken cloud]

6.00am: resumed coaling.

9.45am: completed coaling.

10.45am: colliers shoved off.

2.00pm: Presbyterian and Catholic service held on board.

6.30pm: ship prepared for sea.

6.35pm: received 7 armed guards for HMS Hilary.

11.50pm: commenced heaving up.

Midnight: anchor up.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036819: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-016_0.jpg)


26 September 1916

At sea, en route to patrol ground.

Lat 62.0, Long -4.7

[Wind mainly SE force 2-3; sea slight; overcast with mist; air temperature average 49°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses NW, straight and zigzagging]

0.01am: proceeded slow ahead to Commander’s order.

0.13am: let go port anchor on all steering gear disabled [sic]

0.30am: anchor up; proceeded.

1.00am: passed obstruction.

1.10am: full speed; log streamed; guns at half cock.

1.50am: Esha Ness Light abeam 3 miles; set course N22°W.

5.15am: commenced zigzagging 22°.

11.43am: altered course to NW to intercept schooner.

12.35pm: stopped; boarding boat away.

1.00pm: boarding boat returned.

2.55pm: sighted Faroes; boys to rifle exercise, GLs, trainers and RNR class to deflection teacher.

4.27pm: Fuglo Island abeam 3 miles.

4.45pm: altered course to N16°W.

Distance run 154 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703681a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-016_1.jpg)


27 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 65.6, Long -12.3

[Wind variable SE veering N force 2-3; sea slight to smooth; overcast with fog; air temperature average 39°F, sea 39°F]

[Base courses N16°W, and later SE, straight]

11.30am: sounded: 96 fathoms small stones.

2.35pm: sounded: 110 fathoms small stones.

2.55pm: sounded: 71 fathoms black stones.

4.34pm: altered course to N22°E.

5.33pm: stopped; transferred armed guard to Ebro.

6.17pm: Langanaes Lighthouse [Iceland] abeam 2 miles.

6.50pm: stopped; transferred armed guards to Hilary.

7.25pm: set course N29°E; on patrol.*

10.00pm: altered course to S26°W.

Midnight: altered course to N29°E.

Distance run 302 miles.


*[Note: Virginian is now on “E” Patrol, off the NE coast of Iceland.]


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703681b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-017_0.jpg)


28 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 66.5, Long -14.4

[Wind E force 1-2; sea slight to smooth; broken cloud; air temperature average 35°F, sea 39°F]

[Base courses N29°E, S26°W, straight]

7.30am: altered course to N68°W to intercept trawler.

8.15am: stopped; away boarding boat; courses and speeds various to Commander’s order; boarding 3 fishing smacks.

11.23am: boarding boat returned; set course S26°E.

1.00pm: altered course to S6°W.

2.26pm: stopped; Midshipmen Langworthy and Christy sent to HM Trawler Walpole

3.00pm: boarding boat returned; set course N29°E.

4.45pm: course S26°W.

[continues on base course routine]

Distance run 227 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703681c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-017_1.jpg)


29 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 66.4, Long -14.3

[Wind E force 1-2; sea slight to smooth; broken cloud; air temperature average 36°F, sea 40°F]

[Base courses N29°E, S26°W, straight]

1.00am: stopped to examine fishing vessel.

1.15am: resumed course.

9.00am: rendezvous with HMS Ebro; transferred one lifeboat for Avenger.*

11.20am: proceed on course N60°W.

[The rest of the day is on base course routine]

Midnight: Langanaes Bay bearing S38°W.


*[Note: Avenger had joined the Squadron earlier in 1916.]


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703681d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-018_0.jpg)


30 September 1916

At patrol.

Lat 66.6, Long -14.3

[Wind calm then NW force 3; sea smooth; broken cloud; air temperature average 37°F, sea 40°F]

[Base courses N29°E, S26°W, straight]

6.30am: boarding fishing vessels; courses and speed as required by Commander.

12.28pm: altered course to S53°W.

12.50pm: stopped; away boarding boat to Norwegian SS Alekto.

2.30pm: awaiting orders from SO 10th Cruiser Squadron.

3.35pm: allowed to proceed; courses various.

4.35pm: [observed] Norwegian Schooner Bossert. [sic: most likely Louis Bossert]

5.10pm: challenged HMS Ebro.

5.50pm: stopped; away boarding boat to Ebro for armed guard for Moldavia.

6.10pm: set course N29°E.

11.00pm: stopped to examine ketch.

11.45pm: boarding boat returned and proceeded N60°W then N28°E.

Distance run 230 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703681e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-018_1.jpg)

4caf8c7ecadfd3419703681f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c7ecadfd34197036820: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c7ecadfd34197036821: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c7ecadfd34197036822: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c7ecadfd34197036823: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c7ecadfd34197036824: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67719/ADM 53-67719-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR OCTOBER 1916


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036825: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c7ecadfd34197036826: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c7ecadfd34197036827: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c7ecadfd34197036828: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c7ecadfd34197036829: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-003_0.jpg)

Aneroid Barometer

Thermometers for Air Temperature on Fore Bridge


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703682a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-003_1.jpg)


1 October 1916

At patrol.

Lat 66.5, Long -14.5

[Wind NW force 2; sea smooth; broken cloud; air temperature average 31°F, sea 36°F]

[Base courses N28°E, S26°W, straight]

6.00am: altered course to N68°W; stopped.

6.12am: courses and speed as requisite to intercept trawler.

6.34am: trawler allowed to proceed; course N29°E, full speed.

6.38am: stopped.

7.15am: streamed log; course S62°E.

8.20am: course S26°W.

12.05pm: stopped [followed by base course routine]

6.04-6.12pm: courses and speed as requisite to examine ship.

Distance run 213 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703682b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-004_0.jpg)


2 October 1916

At patrol.

Lat 66.5, Long -14.2

[Wind NW force 2; sea smooth; broken cloud; air temperature average 39°F, sea 38°F]

[Base courses N28-29°E, S26°W, straight]

8.30am: course and speed as requisite to intercept Danish fishing ketch Petra.

8.35am: stopped; away boarding boat.

9.10am: set course N62°W.

1.40pm: courses various to intercept ketch.

2.00pm: course N15°W [then base course routine]

Number on sick list: 4.

Distance run 230 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703682c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-004_1.jpg)


3 October 1916

At patrol.

Lat 66.5, Long -14.3

[Wind NW veering NE force 3; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 39°F, sea 38°F]

[Base courses N28-29°E, S26°W, straight]

8.30am: courses various examining several ketches.

11.00am: boys to rifle drill, RNR class to spotting, anti- aircraft gun crews to exercise.

11.35am: altered course to N62°W.

Noon: stopped: rendezvous with HMS Almanzora.

12.30pm: set course N45°W.

3.25pm: altered course to W to intercept trawler St Denis.

4.00pm: stopped; boarding boat away.

4.50pm: boarding boat returned; set course N30°E [then base course routine approx 2-hour turnaround]

Number on sick list: 5.

Distance run 224½ miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703682d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-005_0.jpg)


4 October 1916

At patrol.

Lat 66.5, Long -16.9

[Wind NE force 3; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 33°F, sea 35°F]

[Base courses N30°E, S27°W, straight]

[Base course routine on 3-hour turnaround through the day]

Distance run 228½ miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703682e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-005_1.jpg)


5 October 1916

At patrol.

Lat 66.4, Long -16.9

[Wind calm; sea smooth; broken cloud; air temperature average 36°F, sea 37°F]

[Base courses N30°E, S27°W, straight]

9.10am: stopped; away boarding boat to set fishing lines.*

9.50am: boarding boat returned.

10.00am: course and speed as requisite to intercept Norwegian SS Fenris.

11.05am: allowed to proceed; altered course to pick up fishing line.

11.40am: stopped; away boarding boat.

12.25pm: boarding boat returned.

[Base course routine on 3-hour turnaround through the rest of the day]

Distance run 232 miles.


*[Note: this was the end of the main herring fishing season. The Squadron had also received reports that U-boats were operating disguised as fishing vessels, and also that the boats fishing for herring were escaping interception by hugging the coast of Greenland, so vigilance was increased and HMSs Hilary and Almanzora were ordered to the area. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 524-5.]


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703682f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-006_0.jpg)


6 October 1916

At patrol.

Lat 66.5, Long -16.5

[Wind NE veering SSE force 2-3; sea smooth; broken cloud; air temperature average 40°F, sea 39°F]

[Base courses N30°E, S31°W, straight]

9.40am: altered course to S73°E.

9.50am: stopped to rendezvous with HMS Hilary.

10.15am: set course S16°E full speed.*

11.20am: altered course to S7°E

11.56am: altered course S; Langanaes Lighthouse abeam 3 miles.

3.12pm: Selvogur Ness abeam 6 miles.

3.35pm: altered course to S27°W.

5.00pm: altered course to S17°W.

8.00pm: reduced speed.

Distance run 240 miles.


*[Note: Virginian had now been ordered back to Liverpool.]


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036830: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-006_1.jpg)


7 October 1916

At patrol en route to Liverpool.

Lat 62.2, Long -12.2

[Wind E force 5-2; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 46°F, sea 49°F]

[Base course SW, straight]

6.30am: reduced speed and altered course to S30°E to intercept SS.

7.17am: SS allowed to proceed; altered course to S17°W.

10.10am: altered course to intercept trawler.

10.20am: Signalman Lloyd overboard.

10.25am: recovered.

10.55am: altered course to S32°E to rendezvous with HMS Alsatian.

1.00pm: course and speed as requisite to keep station 6 miles NNW of Alsatian.

3.22pm: stopped; away boarding boat with Commander to board Alsatian.

3.40pm: received 1 cot case to be landed at Liverpool.*

3.50pm: proceeded to keep station.

5.10pm: Commander returned; set course S12°W.

Distance run 307 miles.


*[Note: the casualty to be taken to Liverpool was Mr William R Marrs, the Master of the British collier Trowbridge which had been intercepted by Alsatian on that day in Lat. 61°24’N, Long.11°44’W. He had sustained a fracture of the leg during rough weather on the previous day so Virginian was asked to take him to hospital in Liverpool. Lt. John E Jones of Alsatian took over Trowbridge to take her to Archangel, as that ship’s mate did not feel competent to do so. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 525. See also report from Alsatian at OWShips-WW1-08-HMS_Alsatian.htm. Note also that a year later Trowbridge was sunk by a U-boat in the Mediterranean en route to Alexandria, again with a cargo of coal. (see hyperlink).]


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036831: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-007_0.jpg)


8 October 1916

At sea en route to Liverpool..

Lat 57.2, Long -10.3

[Wind SSE veering WSW force 3-5; sea slight; broken cloud with rain squalls; air temperature average 56°F, sea 55°F]

[Base course S12°W then SE, straight]

3.50pm: altered course to S61°E.

[Soundings in fathoms: 4.00pm: 110 NB, 4.45pm: 85 fine sand, 6.00pm: 52 fine sand, 6.47pm: 53 fine sand]

6.50pm: observed Tory Island Light.

7.25pm: Tory Island abeam 4 miles; altered course course S85°E.

8.45pm: cross bearing Inishtrahull and Fanad Head S12°E and S19°W.

9.15pm: courses to Commander’s order.

9.45pm: set course S52°E.

11.40pm: courses to Commander’s order navigating Rathlin Sound.

Distance run 331½ miles.

4caf8c7ecadfd34197036832: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-007_1.jpg)


9 October 1916

At sea and at Liverpool.

Lat 53.5, Long -4.7

[Wind SW veering W force 3; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 58°F, sea 56°F]

0.14am: Rue Point Light abeam 1 mile.

0.45am: course S22°W.

2.08am: Highland Rock abeam 2½ miles.

3.13am: Mew Light abeam 4 miles.

3.52am: Skulmartin abeam 5½ miles.

4.40am: altered course S.

6.05am: altered course S42°E; Chickens Light abeam 1 mile.

9.25am: courses to Commander’s order.

9.53am: Bar Light Vessel abeam; log taken inboard.

10.16am: Formby Light Vessel abeam; pilot taken aboard.

11.0am: Rock Light abeam.

11.28am: let go starboard anchor.

11.35am: vessel brought up; 60 fathoms of cable in water.

Anchored off Sandon Dock.

5.00pm: vessel swung with flood tide.

5.45pm: anti-aircraft gun crew exercised.

8.12pm: vessel dragging; engines dead slow; commenced heaving up anchor.

8.33pm: anchor up and tugs fast.

9.25pm: entered dock gates; engines and helm to pilot’s order.

10.15pm: all fast in Sandon Dock with vessel overlapping bow of SS Lake Manitoba.

Coal remaining 691 tons.

Distance run 335 miles.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036833: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-008_0.jpg)


10 October 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock NE Berth.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SW force 3; overcast]

8.00am: hands painting and maintaining ship.

10.00am: 10 boys joined from Portsmouth; Boy Roake rejoined from hospital; 2 armed guards returned.

5.00pm: anti-aircraft gun crew exercised; discharged cot case from Alsatian.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036834: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-008_1.jpg)


11 October 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock NE Berth.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind W force 2; overcast]

[Regular daily routine of painting, getting in stores and liberty men going ashore is repeated each day]

11.00am: Midshipman Apperly discharged to hospital, also Gale STO, Hawkesford AB, Brinston RNR.

3.00pm: 1 armed guard returned.

5.00pm: anti-aircraft gun crew exercised.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036835: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-009_0.jpg)


12 October 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock NE Berth.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SW force 3; broken cloud]

5.00pm: 1 armed guard returned.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036836: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-009_1.jpg)


13 October 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock NE Berth.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SW force 2-3; overcast]

5.00pm: anti-aircraft gun crew exercised.


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036837: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-010_0.jpg)


14 October 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock NE Berth.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SW force 2; overcast]


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036838: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-010_1.jpg)


15 October 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock NE Berth.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind S force 3; broken cloud]

[8.30am-1210pm: church parties]


4caf8c7ecadfd34197036839: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-011_0.jpg)


16 October 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock NE Berth.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind S force 3; broken cloud]


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703683a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-011_1.jpg)


17 October 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock NE Berth.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SE force 2-4; showers]

7.00am: 7 ratings joined ship.

Noon: finished coaling No.3; preparing to coal.


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703683b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-012_0.jpg)


18 October 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock NE Berth.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind S force 2; overcast]


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703683c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-012_1.jpg)


19 October 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock NE Berth.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 1; broken cloud]

6.00am: crane Samson alongside placing new gun on deck.

6.00pm: exercised anti-aircraft gun crew and tested searchlight.

8.00pm: Surgeon R French RN discharged to hospital.


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703683d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-013_0.jpg)


20 October 1916

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock NE Berth.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind S force 2; broken cloud]

Noon: Engineer Sub Lt. joined.

1.00pm: hands employed getting ship ready for sea.

11.00pm: Surgeon Allan RN joined.


4caf8c7ecadfd3419703683e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-013_1.jpg)


21 October 1916

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind S then SE force 1-4; cloudless; air temperature average 51°F]

3.15pm: gangway landed.

3.30pm: commenced to leave Sandon Dock.

4.20pm: made fast in Canada Basin on east side, assisted by tugs Bison and Otter.

6.35pm: proceeded to river.

6.50pm: entered Mersey and proceeded down river to pilot’s orders.

8.12 Formby Light Vessel abeam.

8.32pm: turned around and proceeded up river in accordance with W/T order from SO 10th Cruiser Squadron.

8.50pm: Formby Light Vessel abeam.

9.50pm: Seaforth Forts fired over our forebridge and compelled us to anchor; centre turbine found to be defective.

Anchor bearings: North Wall Lighthouse SExE, Rock Light SW.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703683f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-014_0.jpg)


22 October 1916

At Liverpool, anchored in River Mersey.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SE force 1-5; broken cloud with mist; air temperature average 48°F]

11.40am: Seaforth Fort made signal to move further up river.

1.00pm: hove up anchor and proceeded upstream.

1.25pm: let go starboard anchor.

1.37pm: vessel brought up 60 fathoms on windlass.

Anchor bearings: North Wall S80°E, Rock Light S70°W.

6.00pm: Evening Quarters and rigged depth charge.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036840: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-014_1.jpg)


23 October 1916

At Liverpool, anchored in River Mersey.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SSE force 2; mainly overcast with mist; air temperature average 57°F, sea 53°F]

8.45pm: commenced to heave up anchor.

8.54pm: anchor up and proceeded down river.*

9.52pm: Formby Light Vessel abeam.

9.55pm: dropped pilot.

10.21pm: Bar Light Vessel abeam; set course N43°W.


*[Note: Virginian has clearly been ordered to proceed on patrol even though part of her propulsion system is defective.]


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036841: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-015_0.jpg)


24 October 1916

At sea, en route to patrol ground.

Lat 55.1, Long -5.5

[Wind W backing SSW force 3-4; sea slight; mainly cloudy; air temperature average 50°F, sea 54°F]

2.18am: Chickens Light: abeam 1½ miles; course N5°W.

4.18am: South Rock abeam 7 miles.

4.50am Skulmartin Light abeam 5 miles.

6.45am: altered course to N23°W; Maidens abeam 5½ miles.

8.40am: courses to Commander’s order through Rathlin Sound; Rue Point Lighthouse abeam.

9.00am: set course N56°W.

9.45am: challenged HMS Hilary.

11.03am: Inishtrahull Light abeam 1 mile.

11.20am: altered course to W.

12.20pm: courses to Commander’s order passing Tory Island Sound.

1.30pm: Tory Island Light abeam N10°E 3 miles; set course N68°W.

9.00pm: altered course to N19°E; reduced to 12 knots pressure.

Distance run 218 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036842: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-015_1.jpg)


25 October 1916

At sea, en route to patrol ground.

Lat 54.2, Long -11.4

[Wind SSE force 3-6; sea moderate to rough; mainly cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 52°F, sea 54°F]

[Base courses N19-24°E]

Noon: altered course to N23°E.

2.05pm: course and speed as requisite to intercept SS.

3.01pm: altered course to N25°W.

3.25pm: resumed course and speed.

8.45pm: altered course to N24°E.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036843: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-016_0.jpg)


26 October 1916

At patrol.

Lat 61.3, Long -12.0

[Wind E veering SSW force 4-6; sea moderate to rough; mainly overcast with squalls; air temperature average 50°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses N24°E, S22°W]

9.32am: altered course to meet Alsatian.

10.00am: helm and engines as requisite to keep station.

1.35pm: set course S22°W; set speed to keep station 6 miles astern of Alsatian.*

11.00pm: set course S44°W.

11.50pm: course S45°W.

Distance run 255 miles.


*[Note: the log is referring here to a test on Virginian’s engine which was carried out by the Engineer Officer on Admiral Tupper’s staff, Engineer-Commander Bell. He came aboard Virginian and carried out a full speed trial. The ship was only able to reach 15 knots instead of 17, and the issue was to become the subject of a full report. It is suggested by the Admiral that Virginian’s delay in the Mersey was because he was unable to communicate with Virginian because of a heavy SE gale. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 536.]



4caf8c7fcadfd34197036844: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-016_1.jpg)


27 October 1916

At sea en route to patrol.

Lat 60.3, Long -13.0

[Wind E veering SW force 4-6; sea moderate; mainly overcast with squalls; air temperature average 50°F, sea 51°F]

7.30am: commenced zigzagging 22°.

9.24am: course and speed as requisite to pick up Alsatian’s boat.

9.35am: Engineer Commander Bell left for flagship; set course S36°W.

12.58pm: altered course to S47°W.

3.45pm: altered course to S22°W to meet HMS Columbella.

4.15pm: altered course to S25°W to close and pick up boat.

4.35pm: transferred ratings and proceeded to patrol; set course N86°W.*

5.18pm: commenced zigzagging 22°.

7.00pm: straight course.

Distance run 171 miles.


*[Note: Virginian is now on “C” Patrol, south of the Faroes.]


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036845: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-017_0.jpg)


28 October 1916

At patrol.

Lat 58.6, Long -15.4

[Wind E backing NNW force 5-1; sea slight; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 48°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses N79°W, S80°E]

6.30am: commenced zigzagging 25°.

8.35am: altered course to intercept Dutch SS Arundo; sent to Kirkwall with armed guard.

9.15am: resumed course N79°W, zigzagging 25°.

7.09pm: straight course.

Distance run 270½ miles.

4caf8c7fcadfd34197036846: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-017_1.jpg)


29 October 1916

At patrol.

Lat 58.7, Long -15.5

[Wind mainly NW force 2-3; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 49°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses N79°W, S80°E]

7.00am: commenced zigzagging 25°.

8.10am: altered course to N80°W, straight course, to intercept British steamer San Lorenzo; allowed to proceed.

10.07am: course S55°W, zigzagging 10°.

12.10pm: altered course to N57°W, zigzagging 25°.

3.55pm: altered course to S37°W to intercept steamer.

4.15pm: stopped Danish SS Ulrik Holm; armed guard on board from Victorian; allowed to proceed.*

6.30pm: altered course to E, ZIGZAG 25°

Distance run 264 miles.


*[Note: this ship was boarded in Lat 57°3’N, Long 18°50’W. See HMS Victorian ]


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036847: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-018_0.jpg)


30 October 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.4, Long -16.3

[Wind mainly NE force 2-3; sea slight; overcast; air temperature average 49°F, sea 50°F]

1.00am: stopped zigzagging.

5.00am: course N87°W

7.00am: commenced zigzagging 25°.

9.12am: stopped and dropped target; carried out gun practice, 1” aiming 6” and 6 pounder guns.

11.00am: picked up target.

11.03am: resumed course.

Noon: altered course to E.

3.30pm: course N43°W.

4.03pm: altered course to N72°E to intercept HMS Orvieto.

4.30pm: boat away.

4.50pm: altered course to S78°W.

7.00pm: altered course E, straight course.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 282 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036848: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-018_1.jpg)


31 October 1916

At patrol.

Lat 58.1, Long -15.2

[Wind mainly NW force 3-7; sea moderate; cloudy with rain squalls; air temperature average 49°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses N87°W and E, straight and zigzagging]

7.00am: commenced zigzagging 25°.

10.21am: altered course to S70°W and slow to intercept sailing vessel.

11.12am: altered course SW.

11.27am: altered course to S40°W; sailing vessel allowed to proceed.

11.30am: all lifeboats’ provisions and gear examined and found to be correct. Breakers cleaned and re-filled.

[Base course routine the rest of the day on 3-hour turnaround]

7.00pm: straight course.

Number on sick list: 4.

Distance run 285.7 miles.



LOGS FOR NOVEMBER 1916


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036849: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-019_0.jpg)


1 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 58.2, Long -15.0

[Wind mainly NW backing W force 4-7; sea moderate; overcast with rain squalls; air temperature average 49°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses N87°W and E, straight and zigzagging]

7.00am: commenced zigzagging 25°.

[Base course routine throughout the day]

10.00pm: course S71°E, straight course.

Distance run 284.6 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703684a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-019_1.jpg)


2 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.4, Long -14.6

[Wind mainly NW force 2-7; sea moderate; overcast with rain squalls; air temperature average 48°F, sea 50°F]

4.00am: course N87°W.

7.00am: commenced zigzagging 25°.

8.30am: boats’ crews refitting lifeboat.

10.40am: commenced zigzagging 28°.

12.15pm: altered course to S86°W.

7.30pm: altered course E.

11.50pm: altered course W, straight course.

Distance run 289.2 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703684b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-020_0.jpg)


3 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.1, Long -16.6

[Wind mainly NE and E force 2-6; sea moderate; cloudy with rain squalls; air temperature average 48°F, sea 51°F]

[Base courses N86°W and E, straight and zigzagging]

4.30am: course N86°W.

7.00am: commenced zigzagging 28°; gun crews closed up, guns at half-cock.

10.40am: hoisted out target.

10.50am: hoisted in target.

10.57: resumed course.

6-8.00pm: course E.

9.30pm: Nos. 3 and 4 guns secured owing to sea; crews closed up at 6 pounders.

Distance run 286.7 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703684c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c7fcadfd3419703684d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c7fcadfd3419703684e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67720/ADM 53-67720-021_1.jpg)


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703684f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c7fcadfd34197036850: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c7fcadfd34197036851: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c7fcadfd34197036852: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c7fcadfd34197036853: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036857: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-005_0.jpg)


4 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.5, Long -17.1

[Wind mainly E backing NNE force 5-8; sea very rough; cloudy with rain squalls; air temperature average 48°F, sea 51°F]

[Base courses N86°W and E, straight]

1.00am: 2° for leeway.

6.00am: 3° for leeway.

8.00am: altered course N86°W.

9.30am: Nos. 2 and 3 guns secured; nos. 1 and 2 brought to loaded position.

3.00pm: 6° leeway.

5.00pm: 22° leeway [sic]

Number on sick list: 5

Distance run 259.1 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036858: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-005_1.jpg)


5 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.4, Long -18.9

[Wind NE force 7-8; sea very rough; cloudy with rain squalls; air temperature average 47°F, sea 50°F]

9.40am: course N56°W.

9.45am: divisions and Captain’s inspection.

10.30am: church.

Noon: altered course to S33°W.

1.10pm: course N61°E.

Midnight: course N63°E.

Number on sick list: 5.

Distance run 100.6 miles.*


*[Note: presumably the ship hove to for much of the day, although this is not recorded in the log, although it was reported to the Admiralty by Admiral Tupper that “A”, “C” and “D” Patrols hove to.]


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036859: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-006_0.jpg)


6 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.3, Long -16.5

[Wind NE and NNE force 7-8; sea very rough; cloudy with rain squalls; air temperature average 45°F, sea 49°F]

[Base course NE-clearly hove to or moving dead slow]

9.05am: course N76°E including 5° leeway.

10.45am: griping spar of lifeboat struck by sea and fell overboard.

8.30pm: course N79°E.

Distance run 142.3 miles.

4caf8c7fcadfd3419703685a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-006_1.jpg)


7 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 59.4, Long -9.4

[Wind NE force 7-8 reducing later to E force 2-3; sea very rough reducing later; cloudy with rain squalls; air temperature average 45°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses N79°E, later S70°E]

0.15am: allowed 4° leeway.

9.00am: hands preparing ship for coaling.

2.15pm: altered course to S71°E.

4.06pm: sounding: 400 fathoms no bottom.

4.56pm: commenced zigzagging 28°; altered course to S70°E.

Number on sick list: 2.

Coal remaining 1167 tons.

Distance run 244 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703685b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-007_0.jpg)


8 November 1916


At Olna Firth, Swarbacks Minn.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind E and SE force 3 reducing to “light airs”; sea slight; overcast; air temperature average 48°F]

1.00am: sounding: 91 fathoms sand.

2.20am: altered course to S65°E, zigzagging 28°.

2.40am: straight course.

4.00am: sounding: 58 fathoms gravel.

4.05am: altered course to NNE.

4.20am: Esha Ness light abeam.

6.50am: course and speed to Commander’s order.

7.20am: passed through boom.

7.50am: let go starboard anchor; finished with engines.

8.00am: colliers Pinewood and Maureen alongside.

Anchor bearings: white stone SE½E, Whaling Station chimney N48°E.

9.20am: commenced coaling.

11.00am: draught: forward 23’, aft 27’.

7.00pm: finished coaling for the night.

Distance run 238.3 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703685c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-007_1.jpg)


9 November 1916

At Olna Firth, Swarbacks Minn.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind “light airs”; broken cloud; air temperature average 50°F]

6.50am: commenced coaling.

7.20am: Gibraltar’s coaling party arrived.

5.05pm: finished coaling.

6.10pm: colliers cast off.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703685d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-008_0.jpg)


10 November 1916

At Olna Firth, Swarbacks Minn and returning to patrol.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind “light airs” then NE force 2; broken cloud; air temperature average 50°F]

8.00am: hands preparing ship for sea.

8.30am: active service wireless boy discharged to barracks.

1.00pm: liberty men ashore.

3.30pm: liberty men returned.

4.15pm: Wireless Telegraphist Stewart ashore to hospital.

4.50pm: commenced to weigh anchor; tug Flying Breeze made fast.

5.03pm: anchor up; helm and speed to Commander’s orders.

5.17pm: let go tug.

5.30pm: passed boom defence.

5.40 Muckle Roe abeam; log streamed; course N28°W.

6.12pm: altered course to N77°W.

6.30pm: zigzagging 22°.

9.12pm: altered course SSW to intercept steamer.

10.08pm: resumed original course N78°W; steamer allowed to proceed.

Coal remaining 2338 tons.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703685e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-008_1.jpg)


11 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.1, Long -7.3

[Wind mainly WSW force 2-6; sea slight becoming rough; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 47°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses N77°W and S68°W, straight and zigzagging]

7.45am: sighted [Danish] steamer Tula; altered course to intercept.

7.52am: stopped.

8.00am: half speed; course S68°W, zigzagging 22°.

5.00pm: reduced to 12 knots pressure.

6.40pm: commenced zigzagging 1 point.

8.22pm: straight course; 2 up for leeway.

Number on sick list: 4.

Distance run 261.7 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703685f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-009_0.jpg)


12 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.4, Long -11.2

[Wind mainly W force 2-4; sea moderate; overcast with mist; air temperature average 49°F, sea 50°F]

0.40am: course S22°W.

1.20am: altered course S45°E to intercept steamer.

1.40am: stopped and put armed guard aboard SS Tasmania.

2.45am: resumed course and speed.

5.05am: challenged HMS Hildebrand.

7.30am: altered course to N75°W.

9.00am: hauled in log for examination.

1.25pm: sounding: 450 fathoms no bottom; altered course to N22°E.

2.30pm: HMS Hilary sighted and challenged.

2.45pm: stopped; boarding boat away.

3.15pm: in boat; set course S47°W.

5.00pm: commenced zigzagging 1 point.

6.30pm: straight course.

7.00pm: course S77°E straight.

10.50pm: full speed to assistance of Russian steamer Slavonic, in distress; all watertight doors closed except No. 14.*

11.05pm: altered course to S70°E.

Distance run 245.3 miles.


*[Note: Virginian did not find this ship, which had lost its propeller and was drifting. It was found by HMS Victorian in Lat.58°4’N, Long.11°2’W on 17th November. On 19th November tugs arrived to take the vessel into Stornoway. Unfortunately the vessel was mined off Lerwick in October 1917. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 547-553. See also Victorian’s log at OWShips-WW1-08-HMS_Victorian.htm.]


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036860: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-009_1.jpg)


13 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.4, Long -11.3

[Wind calm; sea smooth; broken cloud with mist; air temperature average 51°F, sea 52°F]

[Base courses N75°W and S77°E, straight and zigzagging]

2.00am: started zigzagging 2 points.

Noon: altered course to N49°W.

2.24pm: altered course to S53°E; full speed, slight zigzag.

3.50pm: courses as requisite for rendezvous with HMS Gloucestershire.

4.08pm: stopped; boat alongside.

4.30pm: half speed; course N65°W.

7.30pm: altered course to S77°E.

10.00pm: reduced to 10 knots.

Number on sick list: 4.

Distance run 280 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036861: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-010_0.jpg)


14 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.4, Long -11.3

[Wind mainly S force 2-4; sea smooth; broken cloud with mist; air temperature average 51°F, sea 52°F]

[Base courses N75°W and S77°E, straight and zigzagging]

0.45am: started to zigzag 1 point.

[Base course routine through the day]

Distance run 281.7 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036862: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-010_1.jpg)


15 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.4, Long -11.4

[Wind mainly ESE veering S force 2-6; sea smooth becoming rough; overcast with mist and squalls; air temperature average 51°F, sea 52°F]

[Base courses N75°W and S77°E, straight and zigzagging]

0.05am: started to zigzag 1 point with 2° for leeway.

3.00am: guns’ crews close up for exercise.

6.00am: course N75°W, zigzagging 11° each side.

9.00am: RNR class to 6 pounder drill and loader.

6.00pm: course S77°E straight.

7.00pm: 4° up for leeway.

9.30pm: 6° up for leeway.

Distance run 268.8 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036863: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-011_0.jpg)


16 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.4, Long -11.5

[Wind mainly SSE and S force 5-8; sea very rough; overcast with mist and squalls; air temperature average 51°F, sea 52°F]

[Base courses N75°W and S77°E, straight]

6.30am: course N75°W allowing 6° for leeway.

7.25am: 4° for leeway.

9.30am: forward guns secured.

2.04pm: speed slow; course S52°E.

5.00pm: increased to 8 knots.

8.00pm: pressure various to coincide with ship’s steering.

9.00pm: altered course to S by E.

9.15pm: No. 13 lifeboat’s griping spar carried away; boat scourging [?] secured; pressure for 7 knots.

11.30pm: altered course S.

Distance run 223.3 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036864: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-011_1.jpg)


17 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.4, Long -14.0

[Wind mainly SSE force 5-8; sea very rough; overcast with mist and squalls; air temperature average 51°F, sea 52°F]

0.05am: altered course to SW; hove to heading SW until 1.00am then SSW.

2.00am: confused SSE/SW swell.

4.00am: altered course to SW to head [into] the swell.

7.45am: altered course to N9°E.

8.20am: altered course to S77°E; intercepted Norwegian SV on passage Liverpool to Halifax; allowed to proceed.

8.56am: altered course to S77°E, half speed.

10.55am: slow; altered course to S40°E.

Noon: course S50°E.

5.00pm: read Court Martial Returns.

8.00pm: increased pressure to 8 knots.

Distance run 56.9 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036865: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-012_0.jpg)


18 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.4, Long -12.4

[Wind mainly SSE force 9-10 reducing; sea very rough reducing; overcast with mist and squalls; air temperature average 44°F, sea 49°F]

2.00am: guns secured and secured No. 4 boat; course S50°E [into the storm]

10.06am: course N65°W full speed.

11.00am: intercepted Norwegian steamer Thor 1; allowed to proceed.

1.45pm: log fouled.

1.52pm: log streamed.

7.00pm: course S77°E straight and slow speed.

Distance run 53.6 miles.

4caf8c7fcadfd34197036866: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-012_1.jpg)


19 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.4, Long -10.6

[Wind mainly SSE force 4-5; sea moderate; overcast with rain; air temperature average 43°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses N75°W and S77°E, straight and zigzagging]

5.45am: commenced zigzagging 22° on S77°E, 11 knots.

7.30am: N75°W.

9.00am: altered to advancing zigzagging.

10.00am: challenged HMS Hilary; correct.

11.20am: altered course to N10°W, full speed.

[12.10-2.20pm: various SW courses]

2.27pm: courses and speeds as requisite for intercepting French SS Phrygie.

3.43pm: altered course N37°W.

3.46pm: SS allowed to proceed.

7.05pm: course S77°E, slow speed.

Distance run 219 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036867: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-013_0.jpg)


20 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.4, Long -10.5

[Wind mainly NE backing WNW force 2-3; sea slight; broken cloud with showers; air temperature average 46°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses N75°W and S77°E, straight and zigzagging]

5.23am: commenced zigzagging.

7.00am: N75°W.

9.40am: straight course.

10.20am: advancing zigzagging 22°.

11.25am: sailing vessel sighted.

12.37pm: course N59°W, zigzag 22° after intercepting Danish SV Atalanta with armed guard on board for Stornoway; all correct and allowed to proceed.*

6.30pm: straight course, speed 10 knots.

10.00pm: gun crews closed up.

Distance run 245.7 miles.


*[Note: this vessel was intercepted on 19th November by HMS Hilary in Lat 56°57’N, Long 13°14’W and was on passage from Aalborg to Santos with a cargo of cement. See HMS Hilary ]


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036868: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-013_1.jpg)


21 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.5, Long -10.2

[Wind mainly NW force 2-4; sea slight; broken cloud with showers; air temperature average 46°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses N75°W and S77°E, straight and zigzagging]

6.00am: course N75°W, zigzagging 22°.

[base course routine through the day]

10.30pm: straight course.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 268.9 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036869: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-014_0.jpg)


22 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.5, Long -9.4

[Wind mainly W force 4-6; sea moderate to rough; overcast with rain; air temperature average 48°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses N75°E and S60°E, straight and zigzagging]

3.35am: course N22°E.

7.10am: commenced zigzagging 22°.

9.00am: altered zigzag to 11°.

9.40am: full speed.

10.00am: altered course to N60°E, zigzagging 11°; hands employed rigging coaling gear.

5.30pm: straight course.

6.45pm: sighted steamer bearing S86°E.

7.20pm: altered course to N20°E, slow speed.

7.35pm: altered course to N60°E; steamer allowed to proceed.

9.00pm: altered course to S71°E.

Distance run 298.6 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703686a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-014_1.jpg)


23 November 1916


At Swarbacks Minn.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind mainly WSW force 3-5; sea moderate; broken cloud; air temperature average 48°F, sea 49°F]

[Soundings in fathoms: 2.26am: 130 sand, 2.39am: 130 sand, 2.57am: 85 sand.]

Log fouled of lead while taking final sounding.

[4.55-7.20am: courses various to enter base]

7.20pm: passed boom defence.

7.50am: came to anchor in No. 1 Berth with 60 fathoms of cable in 13 fathoms of water.

8.10am: finished with engines; guns unloaded and secured.

8.45am: colliers Maureen and Hebburn alongside.

9.15am: commenced coaling.

9.30am: Russian cruiser entered harbour.

10.00am: destroyer HMS Locust alongside collier Hebburn.

3.00pm: Gibraltar party left ship.

6.30pm: OSB and Duty Boat secured.

6.50pm: cease fire for evening [sic]


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703686b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-015_0.jpg)


24 November 1916

Swarbacks Minn, at anchor in No.1 Berth.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind mainly W force 2-3; overcast then broken cloud; air temperature average 48°F]

6.40am: commenced coaling.

11.00am: 21 Ratings [sic] and 1 Warrant Officer joined the ship; 2 armed guards for Ebro and Andes joined.

12.10pm: collier Paignton alongside.

6.30pm: finished coaling.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703686c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-015_1.jpg)


25 November 1916


At Swarbacks Minn and en route to patrol ground.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind variable “light airs”; broken cloud; air temperature average 50°F]

8.30am: collier Paignton away.

9.00am: collier Hebburn away.

1.00pm: Newfoundland seamen left ship.

4.10pm: Russian Cruiser left; alongside boats all secured.

5.15pm: all boats secured.

5.25pm: anchor aweigh; slow speed; courses and speed as required for leaving harbour.

5.57pm: Muckle Roe Light abeam; log streamed.

6.00pm: passed boom defence.

6.07pm: ship steadied on course N25°W.

6.36pm: Esha Ness Light abeam 8 miles; full speed.

8.15pm: half speed; 11 knots pressure.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703686d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-016_0.jpg)


26 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 62.2, Long -4.5

[Wind mainly NW force 6-7; sea rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 37°F, sea 44°F]

[Base course N62°W, straight]

9.05am: course N35°W, 13 knots.

9.30am: altered course to N45°W.

10.00am: log fouled all night, now 15 miles short.

10.53am: altered course to N62°W.

11.34am: Fuglo Point abeam 10 miles.

1.53pm: Mykines Head bearing E 15 miles.

[Base course run for the rest of the day]

Coal remaining 2406 tons.

Distance run 207.6 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703686e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-016_1.jpg)


27 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 60.4, Long -12.4

[Wind mainly SW force 3-5; sea moderate; overcast; air temperature average 44°F, sea 45°F]

[Base courses N62°W, S24°W straight]

[1.00am-6.00am: steady decrease from 9 to 6 knots]

7.00am: navigation lights lit.

7.50am: arrived at rendezvous.

8.30am: altered course to S80°E; full speed to close HMS Ebro.

9.00am: course and speed various to close with Ebro’s boat.

9.26am: set course S69°W, full speed.

10.45am: altered course to N62°W, slow speed; signalled Norwegian SS Eidsiva; allowed to proceed.

11.55am: challenged HMS Alsatian.

12.34pm: course and speed as requisite to close Alsatian’s boat.

12.40pm: boat alongside.

12.45pm: boat away.

12.50pm: set course S45°W.

1.00pm: altered course to S24°W, 3° up for leeway.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 223 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703686f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-017_0.jpg)


28 November 1916

At patrol.*

Lat 59.3, Long -10.1

[Wind mainly WSW force 5-7; sea rough; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 48°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses SE, N66°W, S36°W straight]

0.10am: altered course to SE, 2° leeway.

5.00am: 4° leeway, 12 knots.

8.45am: S36°W, 3° leeway.

8.10pm: N66°W.

Midnight S69°E, slow speed.

Distance run 232.6 miles.


*[Note: Virginian is now part of “D” Patrol, cruising on her own between Rockall and 10°W.]


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036870: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-017_1.jpg)


29 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.4, Long -10.3

[Wind mainly WSW and SSW force 3; sea slight; overcast and broken cloud; air temperature average 48°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses S69°E, N66°W straight]

6.55am: arrived at rendezvous; helm hard-a-port, slow ahead.

10.35am: courses various and as requisite for closing Arlanza; transferred two armed guards.

12.15pm: steadied on S55°W.

4.00pm: altered course to S43°W.

6.45pm: course N41°E, 9 knots.

Distance run 200 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036871: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-018_0.jpg)


30 November 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.5, Long -10.4

[Wind mainly WSW and SW force 3-7; sea becoming rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 48°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses S42-43°W, N41°E straight]

[Base course routine for most of the day]

5.25pm: altered course to S42°W to intercept steamer.

6.05pm: altered course to N41°E, half speed; intercepted Norwegian SS Skard; ordered to Kirkwall.

6.55pm: altered course to E.

7.03pm: altered course to ESE, full speed.

Distance run 240½ miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036872: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-018_1.jpg)

4caf8c7fcadfd34197036873: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c7fcadfd34197036874: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c7fcadfd34197036875: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c7fcadfd34197036876: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c7fcadfd34197036877: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c7fcadfd34197036878: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67721/ADM 53-67721-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR DECEMBER 1916


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036879: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c7fcadfd3419703687a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c7fcadfd3419703687b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c7fcadfd3419703687c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c7fcadfd3419703687d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703687e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-003_1.jpg)


1 December 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.5, Long -10.3

[Wind mainly WSW and SW force 3-6; sea moderate to rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 48°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses S42°W, N41°E straight]

0.01am: vessel rolling very heavily to S.Wly swell.

[Base course routine and boat maintenance for most of the day]

11.10pm: full speed; altered course to S70°E.

11.40pm: courses various, half speed.

Midnight: stopped; signalled SS allowed to proceed.

Distance run 242.9 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703687f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-004_0.jpg)


2 December 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.4, Long -10.4

[Wind mainly SW force 3-5; sea moderate; broken cloud; air temperature average 45°F, sea 48°F]

[Base courses S42°W, N41°E straight and zigzagging]

7.00am: commenced zigzagging 22°.

[Base course routine and boat maintenance for most of the day]

D-2 232.6 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036880: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-004_1.jpg)


3 December 1916

At patrol.

Lat 56.3, Long -10.4

[Wind W veering NNE force 3; sea moderate; broken cloud and overcast; air temperature average 47°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses S42°W, N41°E straight and zigzagging]

1.00am: N41°E straight course, 2° up for leeway.

3.23am: sighted Dutch steamer; altered course to S80°E; vessel allowed to proceed.

4.07am: altered course to N41°E.

7.00am: commenced zigzagging 22°, 12 knots.

1.15pm: course N28°W.

8.23pm: zigzagging 11°.

9.00pm: course S23°E.

Number on sick list: 1.

Distance run 258.3 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036881: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-005_0.jpg)


4 December 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.2, Long -10.4

[Wind NW backing SSW force 1-3; sea slight; mist and broken cloud; air temperature average 47°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses S68°E, N65°W straight and zigzagging]

3.00am: S68°E straight course.

6.00am: altered course to N65°W.

7.20am: commenced zigzagging 22°, 12 knots.

10.35am: commenced firing practice shots from 6” BL and 6'' 2.7 and 6 pounders.

11.32am: stopped.

11.43am: full speed.

11.47am: half speed.

1.20pm: altered course to S23°W.

[Base course routine the rest of the day]

Number on sick list: 3

Distance run 262 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036882: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-005_1.jpg)


5 December 1916

At patrol.

Lat 57.3, Long -11.4

[Wind NW backing SW force 3; sea slight; mist and cloud; air temperature average 49°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses S85°W, N65°W straight and zigzagging]

5.30am: altered course to N65°W.

7.30am: commenced zigzagging 22°, 12 knots.

8.43am: altered course to S85°W.

10.30am: straight course.

10.50am: stop; out target; 6” aiming practice.

Noon: picked up target.

12.20pm: No. 2 gun's breech opened after misfire at 11.50am.

12.25pm: target on board: set course S85°W, zigzagging 22°.

5.45pm: 10 knots; straight course.

Distance run 249.6 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036883: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-006_0.jpg)


6 December 1916

At patrol.

Lat 55.4, Long -17.1

[Wind mainly SW force 3-5; sea slight; cloud and showers; air temperature average 48°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses S77°W, N75°E straight and zigzagging]

8.40am: commenced zigzagging 22°, 12 knots.

[Base course routine the rest of the day]

6.15pm: N75°E straight course.

Number on sick list: 4.

Distance run 230.2 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036884: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-006_1.jpg)


7 December 1916

At patrol.

Lat 55.6, Long -17.2

[Wind mainly SW force 2-4; sea slight; cloud and showers; air temperature average 45°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses S77°W, N75°E straight and zigzagging]

9.00am: commenced zigzagging 11°, 11 knots.

12.40pm: full speed, course N30°E; challenged stranger; reply Patuca.

12.45pm: 'action stations'.

1.00pm: secure.

1.17pm: Patuca's boat alongside; received despatches and mails from Patuca; stopped.

1.25pm: set course S77°W, 11 knots.

5.30pm: straight course.

6.30pm: course N75°E.

Distance run 244.7 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036885: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-007_0.jpg)


8 December 1916

At patrol.

Lat 55.5, Long -17.6

[Wind WSW force 3 becoming NE force 8; sea slight becoming rough; cloud and squalls; air temperature average 42°F, sea 48°F]

[Base courses S77°W, N75°E straight and zigzagging]

9.00am: commenced zigzagging 11°, 11 knots, S77°W.

10.35am: straight course.

11.05am: zigzagging 1 point.

5.00pm: altered course to N75°E, straight course.

Distance run 234.3 miles.

4caf8c7fcadfd34197036886: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-007_1.jpg)


9 December 1916

At patrol.

Lat 55.5, Long -15.2

[Wind N veering ENE force 8; sea very rough; broken cloud and squalls; air temperature average 43°F, sea 49°F]

5.00am: altered course to S60°E, 14 knots.

10.35am: full speed.

3.00pm: course S69°E.

9.15pm: sounding: 500 fathoms no bottom; wire carried away.

9.30pm: sounding: 44 fathoms pebbles; lost overboard; 550 fathoms wire, 2 sinkers and brass tubes.

11.55pm: gun crews exercised.

Distance run 356.4 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036887: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-008_0.jpg)


10 December 1916

At sea en route to Liverpool.

Lat 55.1, Long -6.1

[Wind NE and ENE force 8 reducing; sea rough becoming slight; broken cloud and squalls; air temperature average 43°F, sea 47°F]

1.20am: lost lead lines.

1.22am: sighted: Tory Island Light bearing E; altered course N80°E.

2.15am: Tory Island Light abeam 2 miles.

2.25am: altered course to N86°E including 7° for leeway.

3.50am: Fanad Head abeam 8¼ miles.

4.40am: various SE courses passing through Inishtrahull Sound.

6.00am: Inishtrahull Head abeam.

7.15am: entered Rathlin Sound.

7.31am: Altacarry Light abeam.

7.57am: course S20°E.

8.57am: Maidens abeam; course S10°E.

10.00am: Mew Island abeam 2 miles.

1.00pm: Chickens Light abeam; course S48°E.

4.55pm: sounding: 14 fathoms.

5.05pm: slow speed.

5.10pm: sounding: 12 fathoms.

5.30pm: stopped; log in.

5.40pm: pilot aboard; Bar Light vessel abeam.

6.10pm: Formby Light Vessel abeam.

7.10pm: dropped anchor in 45 fathoms.

9.00pm: stand by.

9.10pm: heave in.

10.30pm: entered basin.

11.00pm: made fast in basin.

11.35pm: let go for entering Canada Dock.

Midnight: made fast in NE berth Canada Dock.

Distance run 339.1 miles.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036888: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-008_1.jpg)


11 December 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock, No. 2, North East Corner.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; overcast and misty; air temperature average 41°F]

1.15am: gangway ashore.

1.20am: Watch fell out.

7.00am: Port Watch called.

8.50am: Starboard Watch fell in.

9.45am: Starboard Watch paid.

Noon: draught: forward 29’3”, aft 25’6”.

[Regular daily routine: crew employed painting ship, getting in stores and regular leave for liberty men]



4caf8c7fcadfd34197036889: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-009_0.jpg)


12 December 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock, No. 2, North East Corner.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind E backing NE force 2-3; cloudy; air temperature average 44°F]

11.00am: prisoners discharged to Walton Jail; 4 ratings discharged.

12.45pm: gunners party landing ammunition.

3.00pm: heaved ship off to allow Corsican to come inside.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703688a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-009_1.jpg)


13 December 1916

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind “light airs”; overcast]

9.20am: left Canada Dock.

11.20am: entered Brocklebank Dry Dock.

Noon: ship took the blocks and was shored off.

10.00pm: shore gang painting the bottom of ship.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703688b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-010_0.jpg)


14 December 1916

At Liverpool, Brocklebank Dry Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind W veering NE force 2-3; air temperature average 45°F]

8.00am: workmen on board 14 Allan Line, 10 shipwrights, 28 fitters.

10.00am: hands employed on the cables.

1.00pm: gunners party fuzing HC [High Capacity] shells.

5.00pm: workmen left ship.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703688c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-010_1.jpg)


15 December 1916


At Liverpool, Brocklebank Graving Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind E force 2-3; overcast; air temperature average 46°F]

-am hands employed getting in anchor cables and preparing boats.

3.00pm: embarked 1 Boy from Haslar camp.

5.00pm: workmen left ship.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703688d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-011_0.jpg)


16 December 1916


At Liverpool, Brocklebank Graving Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind “light airs”; fog; air temperature average 48°F]

11.00pm: party ashore rescue man in dock.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703688e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-011_1.jpg)


17 December 1916

At Liverpool, Brocklebank Graving Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind “light airs”; mist and fog; air temperature average 42°F]

7.55am: Kimnards (Seaman) found dead in dry dock port side; brought inboard.

9.20am: afloat in dry dock.

10.00am: shifted ship from Brocklebank Graving Dock to No. 2 Canada Dock SW corner.

11.00am: secured ship.

11.45am: hauled off ship to let coal lighter in.

1.00pm: leave for non-duty part of Watch until 7.00pm; commenced coaling.

3.15pm: removed the body of Kimnard, Seaman RNVR, to Princes Dock Mortuary.

10.30pm: anti-aircraft gun crew exercised.


4caf8c7fcadfd3419703688f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-012_0.jpg)


18 December 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock, SW corner.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable NNE to SW force 1-2; mist and broken cloud; air temperature average 37°F]

9.00am: Harland and Wolff and Allan Line workmen aboard.

5.00pm: covered all hatches forward.

4caf8c7fcadfd34197036890: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-012_1.jpg)


19 December 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock, SW corner.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly WSW force 1-2; broken cloud; air temperature average 44°F]

8.10am: received 2 ratings from HMS Excellent; dressed ship for “Russia Day.” *


*[Note: this was an event organised to support Britain’s ally. It appears to be left to local initiative, as events were held in different places on different days. For examples see http://bude-past-and-present.org.uk/russia-day/

http://findingshakespeare.co.uk/happy-thoughts-day-happy-occasion ]


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036891: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-013_0.jpg)


20 December 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock, SW corner.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly W force 2-3; overcast; air temperature average 35°F]

[Regular daily routine: crew employed painting ship, getting in stores and regular leave for liberty men]


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036892: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-013_1.jpg)


21 December 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock, SW corner.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SE force 1-2; overcast and misty; air temperature average 45°F]

8.00am: funeral party to clean in No.2's [smart uniform]

8.45am: funeral party fell in; remainder told off as required.

9.30am: colours at half-mast.

10.30am: colours hoisted up.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036893: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-014_0.jpg)


22 December 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock, SW corner.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SW force 2;broken cloud; air temperature average 44°F]

10.15am: 2 Privates RMLI discharged to barracks; 2 received on board.

2.00pm: received 1 Stoker from Eagle.


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036894: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-014_1.jpg)


23 December 1916

At Liverpool, Canada Dock, SW corner.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly WSW and SW force 2; misty]

[Regular daily routine: crew employed painting ship, getting in stores and regular leave for liberty men]


4caf8c7fcadfd34197036895: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-015_0.jpg)


24 December 1916

At Liverpool and en route to patrol ground.

Lat 53.5, Long -3.4

[Wind mainly SW and WSW force 3; sea slight; broken cloud with showers; air temperature average 49°F, sea 50°F]

3.15am: fire broke out in shed alongside ship. Brigade summoned and all hands ashore extinguishing flames. 3 hoses out.

3.45am: Fire Brigade arrived.

4.00am: 1 man injured.

4.20am: fire ceased; returned to ship; fire discovered by Midshipman Campbell, PC [Police Constable?] E120 and Petty Officer Grainger.

7.10am: left dock berth.

7.50am: entered Sandon Basin.

8.10am: made fast alongside HMS Teutonic and HMS Victorian.

8.45am: Victorian cast off.

9.50am: let go.

10.15am: entered river; tugs cast off.

11.26am: Formby Light Vessel abeam; dropped pilot; full speed, courses as requisite.

11.45am: Bar Light Vessel abeam; log streamed; course N73°W.

12.32pm: commenced zigzagging.

1.35pm: course N80°W; guns closed up.

3.00pm: mean course N73°W; Skerries abeam 5 miles.

4.00pm: darken ship.

4.53pm: course N18°W, zigzagging 22°.

5.05pm: straight course N; Nos. 1,2,3 and 4 guns trained and closed.

7.15pm: Chickens light abeam 1½ miles.

8.15pm: altered course N21°E.

8.42pm: resumed course N78°E.

8.54pm: South Rock abeam.

9.30pm: Skulmartin abeam; altered course to N4°W.

10.21pm: Mew Island Light abeam 2.8 miles.

11.35pm: course N20°W.

Distance run 11 miles.*


*[Note: this would have been a Noon entry.]


4caf8c80cadfd34197036896: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-015_1.jpg)


25 December 1916

At sea en route to patrol ground.

Lat 55.4, Long -10.0

[Wind WSW veering NW force 4-6; sea moderate; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 45°F, sea 49°F]

1.15am: course NW; Rathlin Light abeam.

3.30am: Inishtrahull abeam 2½ miles.

4.53am: Fanad Light abeam 8½ miles.

6.40am: Tory Island Light abeam 6.2 miles; altered course to N66°W allowing 2° leeway.

1.00pm: altered course to N11°E, 4° for leeway.

3.00pm: sighted and challenged HMS Victorian.

8.10pm: course N21°E, 4° up for leeway.

9.00pm: altered course to N66°W, 2° up for leeway.

Distance run 327.9 miles.

4caf8c80cadfd34197036897: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-016_0.jpg)


26 December 1916

At sea en route to patrol ground.

Lat 59.4, Long -12.2

[Wind mainly NW force 3-4; sea moderate; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 45°F, sea 48°F]

[Base course NE straight]

1.15am: course N22°E, no leeway; burning dim navigation lights until 1.15am.

9.30am: reduced speed to 13 knots; altered course to N60°W to intercept SS Vosberg [sic: more likely Vosbergen of Norway]

10.15am: boat away to steamer.

10.47am: picked up boat.

11.00am: set course N35°E; SS sent in with guard.

1.45pm: challenged HMS Andes.

2.55pm: course N24°E.

5.35pm: altered course to N46°E.

8.15pm: altered course to N24°E.

Midnight: altered course to N67°E.

Distance run 299½ miles.


4caf8c80cadfd34197036898: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-016_1.jpg)


27 December 1916

At patrol.*

Lat 63.5, Long -8.9

[Wind mainly NE backing SW force 3-4; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 38°F, sea 44°F]

[Base courses N67°E, S23°W straight]

9.30am: altered course to SE&E, full speed; challenged SS; reply HMS Patia; boat away to Patia; returned.

10.30am: set course N23°E, 10 knots.

Noon: sighted and challenged HMS Andes.

12.30pm: stopped to pick up boat from Andes.

12.47pm: boat away.

12.52pm: set course S23°W, half speed.

4.00pm: exercised “abandon ship”; Warrant 56 read.

6.00pm: altered course to N4°W.

Midnight: altered course to N24°E.

Distance run 298½ miles.


*[Note: Virginian is now on “A” Patrol, north of the Faroes, on line 360° from Lat. 62°N between Long. 9° and 12°W.]


4caf8c80cadfd34197036899: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-017_0.jpg)


28 December 1916

At patrol.

Lat 64.0, Long -10.1

[Wind mainly E force 3-5; sea moderate; cloud with squalls; air temperature average 41°F, sea 44°F]

[Base courses N24°E, S24°W straight]

6.00am: course S24°W, 2° up for leeway.

10.25am: slow speed; target overboard.

10.45am: aiming rifle practice.

11.20am: 6 pounder firing.

11.30am: picked up target.

11.35am: course S24°W.

4.20pm: leeway taken off.

Distance run 235.9 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd3419703689a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-017_1.jpg)


29 December 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.2, Long -11.2

[Wind mainly NE force 3-5; sea moderate; overcast with squalls and rain; air temperature average 41°F, sea 44°F]

[Base courses N24-25°E, S24°W straight]

[Base course routine through the day]

5.35pm: altered course to N5°W

Distance run 222.7 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd3419703689b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-018_0.jpg)


30 December 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.8, Long -12.0

[Wind mainly NNE backing W force 2-4; sea slight to moderate; misty, broken cloud later; air temperature average 42°F, sea 45°F]

[Base courses N25°E, S24-25°W straight and zigzagging]

[Soundings in fathoms: 5.40am: 65 black sand, 6.30am: 77 black stones, 7.00am: 90 black sand.]

7.30am: 450 fathom wire out, no bottom; wire carried away at 200 fathoms; lost sinker and tube; altered course S25°W.

1.35pm: altered course to S30°E to intercept SS.

2.42pm: altered course to S72°E; SS Sigrid allowed to proceed having been boarded by HMS Patia*.

5.40pm: commenced zigzagging 1 point.

6.30pm: altered course to N25°E, zigzagging 1 point.

Distance run 225.6 miles.


*[Note: the Russian steamer Sigrid was on passage from Liverpool to Kola and was boarded and allowed to proceed by HMS Patia in Lat. 63°N, Long.12°W. See HMS Patia. The steamer was sunk by a U-boat near the Shetlands only two months later, in February 1917.]


4caf8c80cadfd3419703689c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-018_1.jpg)


31 December 1916

At patrol.

Lat 63.8, Long -11.0

[Wind mainly NNW veering SE force 2-4; sea slight to moderate; broken cloud, overcast later; air temperature average 42°F, sea 45°F]

[Base courses N25°E, S24°W straight and zigzagging]

0.05am: stopped zigzagging.

[Base course routine through the day]

Distance run 247.7 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd3419703689d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-019_0.jpg)

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4caf8c80cadfd3419703689f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-020_0.jpg)

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4caf8c80cadfd341970368a1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c80cadfd341970368a2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67722/ADM 53-67722-021_1.jpg)



THE VOYAGES OF HMS VIRGINIAN 1917

JP map Verginian 1917

LOGS FOR JANUARY 1917


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4caf8c80cadfd341970368a8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-003_1.jpg)


1 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.7, Long -10.0

[Wind SW veering WSW force 2-4; sea moderate; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 43°F, sea 45°F]

[Base courses N24°E, S24°W straight and zigzagging]

8.17am: allowed 2° for leeway.

[Base course routine through the day]

7.00pm: commenced zigzagging 1 point, 12 knots.

8.05pm: stopped zigzagging.

8.22pm: altered course to N50°W.

8.55pm: stopped; away boat.

9.00pm: boat returned; half speed to S80°W, 10 knots.

Distance run 234.2 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368a9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-004_0.jpg)


2 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.5, Long -13.7

[Wind SW force 2-4; sea moderate; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 44°F, sea 46°F]

[8.00am to 1.45pm includes many course and speed changes whilst making a rendezvous with HMS Alsatian and HMS Patuca - see notes below*]

9.17am: HMS Patuca sighted.

1.45pm: stop; out target.

1.50pm: full ahead; 6” gun practice carried out; Commodore joined ship.

3.20pm: stop; target away; Alsatian boat out; Admiral piped overboard; Distance run 13.7 miles.

4.40pm: boat and target on board; half ahead, course S57°W, 11 knots; zigzagging 2 points.

8.50pm: straight course, 10½ knots.

10.20pm: zigzagging 2 points.

11.30pm: straight course, 10 knots.

Distance run 233.6 miles.


*[Note: this was quite a significant day for Virginian, although it is not properly reflected in the log. Admiral Tupper and Commodore Luard (who had arrived on Patuca) came on board Virginian at 1.40pm, but this is not recorded. The purpose of the visit was twofold; to allow Commodore Luard to hoist his pendant in Virginian whilst Admiral Tupper was not at sea, (Alsatian was re-fitting) and to observe the quality of gunnery on Virginian. Admiral Tupper pronounced himself satisfied with the quality of the gunnery and with other procedures on Virginian, and reported that he “considered the Ship to be efficient and creditable to all concerned.” Commodore Luard had been Commodore on Teutonic, and later took over command of Virginian. He retired as an Admiral in 1925. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 581.]


4caf8c80cadfd341970368aa: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-004_1.jpg)


3 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 60.2, Long -11.1

[Wind variable ESE to N force 3-5; sea moderate; cloudy and overcast; air temperature average 44°F, sea 46°F]

[Base courses S66°E, N24°E, S80°W straight and zigzagging]

9.00am: speed 10 knots; zigzagging 2 points.

11.30am: altered course SSW.

11.45am: sighted and challenged HMS Avenger.

11.50am: altered course to S80°W.

4.15pm: course N53°E; full speed to intercept SS.

6.10pm: stopped; boat away to Norwegian SS Fram; sent to Kirkwall.*

7.05pm: boat returned; set course S80°W, 11 knots.

8.20pm: course N78°.

Distance run 241.1 miles.


*[Note: this steamer was intercepted in Lat. 60°1’N, Long.11°42’W, on passage from New York to Christiania (Oslo), carrying general cargo and 958 bags of mail, allegedly “mostly for enemy countries”. After investigation at Kirkwall, she was allowed to sail on. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 581.]


4caf8c80cadfd341970368ab: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-005_0.jpg)


4 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 60.2, Long -11.1

[Wind mainly NW force 4-6; sea moderate to rough; broken cloud; air temperature average 42°F, sea 46°F]

[Base courses N78°E, S80°W straight and zigzagging]

[Soundings in fathoms: 6.00am: 120, 7.00am: 120, 8.00am: 100 fine sand, 8.30am: 120]

6.00am: altered course to S80°W.

10.00am: commenced zigzagging 2 points.

2.30pm: altered course to S25°W, zigzagging 1 point.

4.35pm: sighted HMS Orvieto; altered course to S70°E.

4.55pm: stopped; boat lowered; boat away.

5.22pm: boat aboard; half speed, course N47°W.

8.17pm: course N78°E.

Distance run 242.8 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368ac: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-005_1.jpg)


5 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 60.1, Long -11.3

[Wind “light airs”; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 41°F, sea 46°F]

[Base courses N78°E, S80°W straight and zigzagging]

4.40am: commenced zigzagging 22°, 11 knots.

5.30am: altered course to S80°W, zigzagging 22°.

7.00am: sounded: 300 fathoms no bottom.

7.30am: sounded: 95 fathoms [rock?] and shell.

8.30am: sounded: 120 fathoms.

9.30am: altered course to S87°W; zigzag to 1 point.

10.55am: sighted and challenged HMS Otway [full speed various NW courses to close]

11.45am: Otway’s boat alongside.

12.03pm: boat away; set course N17°E, zigzagging 22°, 11 knots.

7.00pm: straight course, 10 knots.

9.00pm: commenced zigzagging 22°.

10.30pm: altered course to S67°E.

Distance run 243.7 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368ad: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-006_0.jpg)


6 January 1917

At patrol.*

Lat 62.5, Long -9.2

[Wind mainly WSW force 3-4; sea slight; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 40°F, sea 44°F]

[Base courses S67°E, N22-24°W straight and zigzagging]

7.00am: soundings: 100, 95 and 70 fathoms.

8.00am: course N20°W, straight course.

10.45am: stopped to board ship.

10.50am: full speed; altered course to W.

8.45pm: altered course to N65°W.

9.30pm: altered course to S by E.

Number on sick list: 2.

Distance run 265 miles.


*[Note: Commodore Luard formally took charge of the Squadron on this day, flying his flag in Virginian}.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368ae: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-006_1.jpg)


7 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.6, Long -8.5

[Wind variable W to E force 3-5; sea moderate; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 37°F, sea 44°F]

[Base courses S67°E, N64°W straight and zigzagging]

[Mainly base course routine on 3-hour cycle through the day]

Noon: sounding: no bottom.

1.00pm: altered course to S22°W, zigzagging 2 points.

2.30pm: sighted Patia.

3.15pm: Sub Lieut. Cass and armed guard rejoined ship.

Distance run 252 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368af: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-007_0.jpg)


8 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.6, Long -12.0

[Wind mainly NNE 5-7; sea rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 38°F, sea 44°F]

[Base courses S67°E, N64-67°W straight and zigzagging]

2.00am: altered course to N67°E to intercept trawler; full speed.

3.20am: trawler H495 [possibly Hull trawler Nidd] allowed to proceed.

4.20am: altered course to E; 3° up for leeway.

8.30am: zigzagging 2 points.

6.00pm: altered course to S73°E, zigzagging 2 points.

Distance run 253.8 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368b0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-007_1.jpg)


9 January 1917

At patrol en route to Busta Voe.

Lat 62.6, Long -7.9

[Wind E backing SW force 3, 6 later; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 35°F, sea 44°F]

8.00am: Mygginess [Mykines, Faroes] bearing ENE; altered course N23°E.

9.40am: Mygginess abeam 22 miles.

10.04am: altered course to N50°E, zigzagging 1 point.

10.25am: Mygginess abeam on new course.

Noon: altered course to S88°E.

3.45pm: Fuglo abeam 21 miles; altered course to S24°E.

Coal remaining 1439 tons.

Distance run 286.4 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368b1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-008_0.jpg)


10 January 1917

At patrol en route to Busta Voe.

Lat 62.6, Long -7.9

[Wind mainly SSE force 3; sea moderate; overcast; air temperature average 41°F, sea 46°F]

4.10am: full speed, straight course S24°E.

6.15am: Esha Ness sighted bearing S50°E.

6.22am: altered course to S39°E.

7.20: light abeam 2½ miles.

7.30am: challenged by HMTB D 81 [ HMS Griffon]

8.00am: Muckle Roe abeam.

8.15am: passed boom defence.

8.34am: stopped; dropped port anchor.

9.35am: colliers Mordenwood and Sir Arthur alongside; hands employed coaling ship.

Anchor bearings: South Rock: WNW, Busta House: NxW, Ship’s Head: SWxW.

Distance run 261.9 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368b2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-008_1.jpg)


11 January 1917

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind W veering WNW force 3; overcast]

4.30pm: 1 PO and 7 Ratings joined the ship.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368b3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-009_0.jpg)


12 January 1917

At sea from base to patrol.

Lat 60.9, Long -2.5

[Wind “light airs” then W veering N force 4 later; sea moderate; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 41°F, sea 45°F]

4.00am: bearings and ship’s head as per log.

4.10pm: hove up anchor; alterations of helm and speed as requisite for leaving harbour.

4.47pm: Muckle Roe abeam; course N21°W; TBD detached [presumably HMS Griffon]

4.40pm: rigged depth charge and set to 80 ft.

11.25pm: speed 10 knots; 1 point up for leeway.

Coal remaining 2704 tons.



4caf8c80cadfd341970368b4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-009_1.jpg)


13 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.3, Long -5.3

[Wind mainly N force 6-8; sea very rough but reducing; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 34°F, sea 42°F]

7.00am: 7° up for leeway; 10 knots.

8.30am: 3° up for leeway.

9.55am: no leeway.

11.40am: 5° up for leeway; altered course N5°E.

3.45pm: altered course N10°E.

7.30pm: challenged HMS Columbella.

8.00pm: altered course N67°W.

9.00pm: navigation lights on.

Midnight: lights switched off.

Distance run 160.2 miles.

4caf8c80cadfd341970368b5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-010_0.jpg)


14 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.9, Long -9.7

[Wind N backing SW force 3; sea slight; overcast; air temperature average 31°F, sea 42°F]

[Base courses S23°W, N64-67°W straight and zigzagging]

4.20am: altered course S23°W.

6.50am: light on port bow.

7.00am: altered course to N47°E.

7.30am: boarded British trawler - allowed to proceed; resumed course S23°W.

9.10am: altered course to S80°W; circled round and inspected trawler Z…*. on passage from Iceland to Grimsby; allowed to proceed.

1.22pm: zigzagging 2 points.

6.00pm: 10 knots, straight course.

7.25pm: challenged by HMS Patuca.

9.38pm: course S23°W.

Distance run 205.8 miles.


*[Note: it has proved impossible to decipher this (presumably Grimsby) trawler. The entry looks like “Zaamah” or "Laamah", neither of which approximates to an existing name. However, the Grimsby trawler Zaree was in this area at this time, so it is possibly that ship.]


4caf8c80cadfd341970368b6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-010_1.jpg)


15 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 59.2, Long -9.8

[Wind mainly W force 3; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 38°F, sea 44°F]

[Base courses S23°W, N43°E straight and zigzagging]

2.12am: chasing vessel with no lights.

2.25am: general alarm; boarded British steamer SS Houston [possibly] ; allowed to proceed.

3.45am: altered course to S64°E, zigzagging 2 points.

8.25am: challenged HMS Motagua.

8.30am: altered course to N75°E to close Motagua; took mails for Ebro; altered course to S33°W, zigzagging 1 point.

11.15am: sighted HMS Ebro.

Noon: ship sighted bearing N75°W.

12.30pm: altered course to S23°W.

3.25pm: challenged HMS Patia.

4.10pm: transferred ratings and mails to Patia; set course N43°E, 11 knots.

11.50pm: sighted light on port bow; full speed.

Distance run 273 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368b7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-011_0.jpg)


16 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 60.9, Long -8.9

[Wind mainly NW force 3; sea slight; overcast with rain; air temperature average 43°F, sea 46°F]

[Base courses S85°W, N83°E straight and zigzagging]

1.00am: intercepted American SS Brindilla; sent to Kirkwall with armed guard led by Sub Lt. Cass.

10.40am: altered course to S50°W, 13 knots; courses various for closing trawler.

11.45am: boat returned; set course NW, 11 knots, zigzagging 2 points.

Distance run 272 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368b8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-011_1.jpg)


17 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.5, Long -13.0

[Wind variable mainly NW backing S force 3-5; sea slight; overcast with rain, squalls later; air temperature average 43°F, sea 46°F]

[Base courses S86°W, N83°E straight and zigzagging]

9.00am: zigzagging 2 points.

10.00am: challenged HMS Patia.

11.10pm: burning dim navigation lights.

Distance run 244.7 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368b9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-012_0.jpg)


18 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.4, Long -12.9

[Wind variable mainly SW force 4-5; sea moderate; mainly overcast with squalls; air temperature average 45°F, sea 47°F]

[Base courses S86°W, N70°E straight and zigzagging]

0.02am: challenged by HMS Columbella; altered course to N4°W.

9.05am: altered course to S80°W, zigzagging 2 points.

11.00am: straight course, S10°W.

12.50pm: challenged by HMS Moldavia.

12.52pm: course S70°E, full speed.

1.20pm: course and speed as requisite for rendezvous with Moldavia.

2.25pm: set course S6°E, half speed.

6.00pm: course N83°E.

Distance run 251.8 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368ba: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-012_1.jpg)


19 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.0, Long -8.3

[Wind WSW backing S force 4-6; sea moderate to rough; mainly overcast with squalls; air temperature average 43°F, sea 46°F]

[Base courses S60-70°W, N83°E straight]

[Soundings in fathoms: 7.00am: 120 no bottom, 8.00am: 90, 9.30am: 80 sand and shells, 10.00am: 88 fine sand, 10.45: 85 black sand, 11.05: 85 black sand]

9.30am: sighted Myling Head [Mykines] Faroe Islands abeam.

1.40pm: course S78°E; challenged HMS Patuca.

1.50pm: boarded HMS Patuca; altered course to S60°W.

4.00pm: altered course to W.

7.00pm: altered course to S60°W, 2° leeway; burning dim navigation lights.

Distance run 229.4 miles.

4caf8c80cadfd341970368bb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-013_0.jpg)


20 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.1, Long -10.3

[Wind S veering SW force 6-8 reducing; sea very rough reducing; mainly overcast with squalls; air temperature average 44°F, sea 46°F]

[Base courses S65°W, N65°W straight]

1.00am: burning dim navigation lights; 3° leeway.

5.40am: no leeway.

11.30am: altered course to N68°W; full speed to intercept SS Stralsund.*

12.30pm: boarding boat returned and hoisted

12.35pm: course S68°W, 11 knots.

3.19pm: course N63°W.


*[Note: this ship was intercepted by another AMC on February 15th, 1917, and torpedoed on her way to Stornoway with armed guards on board, raising the issue that U-boats were targeting those routes and that the interceptions were exposing cargo vessels to extra risks. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 621-622.].


4caf8c80cadfd341970368bc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-013_1.jpg)


21 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 60.1, Long -14.6

[Wind variable E and SW force 3; sea slight; mainly cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 43°F, sea 46°F]

3.15am: course S65°E.

6.00am: altered course to S25°W.

9.18am: sighted Alsatian and challenged; altered course to S15°E; course and speed as requisite for closing flagship.

11.10am: stopped engines.

11.13am: boat away with Commodore - full ahead; altered course to N26°E, zigzagging 2 points.

Noon: altered course to E.

12.10pm: closing flagship; helm as requisite.

12.25pm: stopped engines.

12.45pm: boat returned with Commodore and mails.*

12.50pm: half speed; set course N65°E, zigzagging 2 points.

1.45pm: straight course, 11 knots.

9.00pm: burning dim navigation lights; altered course to N80°E.

Distance run 233.6 miles.


*[Note: although Admiral Tupper once more took command of the Squadron, he left Commodore Luard with Virginian to take charge of “A” Patrol, north of the Faroes, which was strengthened in the hope of intercepting the “suspicious” Norwegian vessel Gyldenpris. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 595. This vessel was sunk by a U-boat in July 1917.]


4caf8c80cadfd341970368bd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-014_0.jpg)


22 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.4, Long -11.0

[Wind SW force 3-4; sea slight; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 43°F, sea 46°F]

0.01am: received special submarines warning for dawn.*

5.50am: course N23°E.

7.00am: commenced zigzagging 2points, 13 knots.

9.25am: B L (breech loader) charge thrown overboard.

1.00pm: course N27°E.

6.50pm: course S53°E.

Distance run 239.7 miles.


*[Note: at 8.35am on 21st January, in position Lat. 57°53’N, Long. 9°14’W, the armed trawler Walpole was attacked by a U-boat with a torpedo, and opened fire. Other trawlers chased the U-boat, which was seen once more before disappearing. On this day, 22nd January, a U-boat was also spotted off Muckle Flugga. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 595-7].


4caf8c80cadfd341970368be: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-014_1.jpg)


23 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.3, Long -7.4

[Wind SW force 3-4; sea slight; overcast then broken cloud; air temperature average 42°F, sea 45°F]

[Base courses S42°E, N39°W straight and zigzagging]

[Base course routine through the day]

8.00am: zigzagging 2 points.

4.00pm: exercised night action stations.

5.40pm: straight course, 10 knots.

Distance run 249.8 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368bf: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-015_0.jpg)


24 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.3, Long -7.5

[Wind W backing S force 3-4; sea slight; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 41°F, sea 42°F]

[Base courses S42°E, N39°W straight and zigzagging]

[Base course routine through the day]

7.30am: burning dim navigation lights.

8.20am: zigzagging 2 points, 11 knots.

5.45pm: straight course.

10.40pm: altered course to N73°E; burning dim navigation lights.

Distance run 254.7 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368c0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-015_1.jpg)


25 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 64.5, Long -5.5

[Wind S backing ESE force 3-5; sea slight; mainly overcast; air temperature average 39°F, sea 41°F]

[Base courses S50°E, N46-48°W straight and zigzagging]

[Base course routine through the day]

8.00am: altered course to S50°E, zigzagging 2 points, 11 knots.

5.00pm: straight course.

Distance run 261.5 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368c1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-016_0.jpg)


26 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 64.6, Long -4.5

[Wind SE veering S force 2-5; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 40°F, sea 41°F]

[Base courses S45°E, N46°W straight and zigzagging]

[Base course routine through the day]

7.30am: zigzagging 2 points, 12 knots.

9.20am: course S41°W.

10.50am: altered course to S50°E.

5.25pm: straight course.

Distance run 240.3 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368c2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-016_1.jpg)


27 January 1917

At patrol and en route to Busta Voe.

Lat 64.5, Long -5.3

[Wind mainly SSE force 2-4; sea slight; overcast and broken cloud; air temperature average 39°F, sea 41°F]

[Base courses S50°E, N46°W then S3°W straight and zigzagging]

0.01am: course N46°W.

5.45am: altered course to S50°E.

8.00am: zigzagging 2 points, 10 knots.

11.00am: altered course to S3°W, [towards Busta Voe] full speed, zigzagging 1 point; hands preparing ship for coaling.

2.45pm: challenged HMS Andes.

5.30pm: straight course.

7.50pm: log line, rotator and governor lost overboard by accident.

8.40pm: new log streamed.

10.10pm: 14 knots; log line parted; rotator lost overboard.

Distance run 245.4 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368c3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-017_0.jpg)


28 January 1917

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind “light airs”; overcast; air temperature average 41°F]

2.45am: new log streamed.

3.00am: closed all watertight doors.

5.00am: Esha Ness bearing SE; full speed.

6.26am: commenced circling round; altered course to S.

7.25am: Muckle Roe abeam.

7.47am: passed through boom defence.

8.15am: came to with starboard anchor in 16 fathoms with 45 fathoms of cable.

8.45am: colliers Sampan and Gracefield alongside.

8.50am: Sub Lt. Cass with armed guard rejoined ship.

9.45am: hands commenced coaling ship; collier Sampan’s gear examined and found to be correct.

Anchor bearings: church: N65°E, flagstaff: N76°W.

2.40pm: fresh water tank alongside.

Distance run 265.8 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368c4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-017_1.jpg)


29 January 1917

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

8.00am: hands coaling ship.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368c5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-018_0.jpg)


30 January 1917

At Busta Voe and en route to patrol ground.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind NW and N force 4-5; sea moderate; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 41°F, sea 43°F]

[coaling for most of the day]

6.20pm commenced heaving in.

6.41pm: slow ahead.

7.00pm: passed through boom defence; alterations of helm and speed as required for leaving harbour.

7.07pm: set course N45°W; Muckle Roe abeam.

7.55pm: course N69°W, zigzagging 2 points.

9.50pm: altered course to N10°W, 13 knots.

Coal remaining 2421 tons.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368c6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-018_1.jpg)


31 January 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.1, Long -4.4

[Wind N backing NW force 4-5; sea moderate; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 35°F, sea 41°F]

3.30am: straight course N10°W.

7.30am: zigzagging 1 point.

10.32am: Fuglo Island Nth Point abeam 36½ miles.

1.35pm: altered course to N65°W.

4.25pm: altered course to N24°E.

Distance run 215.6 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368c7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c80cadfd341970368c8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c80cadfd341970368c9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c80cadfd341970368ca: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c80cadfd341970368cb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c80cadfd341970368cc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67723/ADM 53-67723-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR FEBRUARY 1917


4caf8c80cadfd341970368cd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c80cadfd341970368ce: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c80cadfd341970368cf: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c80cadfd341970368d0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c80cadfd341970368d1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c80cadfd341970368d2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-003_1.jpg)


1 February 1917

At patrol.

Lat 64.5, Long -7.0

[Wind mainly NW force 3-4; sea moderate; cloudy with snow squalls; air temperature average 31°F, sea 36°F]

[Base courses S42°E, N40°W, N24°E straight and zigzagging]

7.17am: altered course to N65°W.

7.50am: HMS Orvieto signalled.

8.45am: courses and speed as required for closing Orvieto.

9.45am: Commodore [Luard] and staff transferred to Orvieto for passage to Liverpool.

10.30am: set course N24°E, zigzagging 2 points, 10 knots.

11.45am: altered course to N40°W straight course.

3.00pm: altered course to S42°E.

6.00pm: altered course to N40°W.

Distance run 212.2 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368d3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-004_0.jpg)


2 February 1917

At patrol.

Lat 65.3, Long -9.6

[Wind NW backing [sic] NNE force 2-5; sea moderate; cloudy with snow squalls; air temperature average 29°F, sea 34°F]

[Base courses S42°E, N38-40°W,straight and zigzagging]

4.00am: course S42°E.

6.15am: course S24°W.

9.40am: altered course to S17°E; challenged HMS Hildebrand; stopped engines; transferred 5 armed guards and mails.

11.40am: set course S67°E, zigzagging 2 points, 11 knots.

5.57pm: altered course to N38°W, straight course.

Distance run 237.8 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368d4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-004_1.jpg)


3 February 1917

At patrol.

Lat 65.6, Long -10.5

[Wind NE to N force 2-5 increasing to 8; sea moderate becoming rough; cloudy with snow squalls; air temperature average 20°F, sea 30°F]

[Base courses S42°E, N38°W, straight]

[Base course routine for most of the day until weather deteriorates]

1.17pm: new log streamed-old log slowed.

4.30pm: electric log repaired and streamed.

7.42pm: 8 knots.

10.50pm: 5° leeway.

11.15pm: wind and sea 1 point off starboard bow-steerage way only.

Number on sick list: 6.

Distance run 236.7 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368d5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-005_0.jpg)


4 February 1917

At patrol.

Lat 65.4, Long -9.2

[Wind NE to N force 8-4; sea very rough reducing; cloudy with snow squalls; air temperature average 25°F, sea 31°F]

[Base courses S42°E, N33-38°W, straight]

1.00am: hove-to; head N11°W.

2.10am: 8 knots.

4.10am: 9 knots.

9.40am: altered course to S.

[Base course routine for the rest of the day]

Distance run 193.8 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368d6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-005_1.jpg)


5 February 1917

At patrol.

Lat 66.0, Long -12.1

[Wind NNE veering SSE force 4; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 22°F, sea 31°F]

[Base courses S42°E, N38°W, straight]

9.40am: stopped to drop target.

9.45am: full speed; carried out 6' practice firing - eight rounds per gun.*

10.52am: target hoisted inboard; half speed; resumed course S42°E, 11 knots.

[Base course routine for the rest of the day]

Distance run 222 miles.


*[Note: from this date, Germany declared unrestricted submarine warfare.]


4caf8c80cadfd341970368d7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-006_0.jpg)


6 February 1917

At patrol.

Lat 65.6, Long -11.0

[Wind mainly SSE and S force 5; sea rough; cloudy with snow; air temperature average 35°F, sea 37°F]

[Base courses S42°E, N38°W, straight]

5.00am: course S42°E, 4° leeway.

7.15am: 6° leeway.

11.00am: 8½ knots; altered course to S30°E; head to sea; hove to sea - steerage way only.

4.23pm: altered course to S.

10.12pm: 10 knots; altered course to N38°W; 3° for leeway.

Distance run 217.7 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368d8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-006_1.jpg)


7 February 1917

At patrol.

Lat 66.0, Long -10.5

[Wind mainly SW force 3-7; sea rough becoming very rough; broken cloud with snow; air temperature average 37°F, sea 37°F]

[Base courses S42°E, N38°W, straight]

9.50am: full speed; altered course to WNW.

10.15am: altered course to N38°W.

10.35am: a.c to S24°W.

11.12am: altered course to S42°E; log fouled; cleaned and re-streamed.

9.00pm: 3° leeway.

Distance run 151.8 miles.



4caf8c80cadfd341970368d9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-007_0.jpg)


8 February 1917

At patrol.

Lat 65.5, Long -10.4

[Wind WNW backing W force 6-7; sea very rough; overcast with snow squalls; air temperature average 39°F, sea 37°F]

[Base courses S42°E, N38°W, straight]

1.00am: allowed 4° leeway.

6.00am: altered course to S42°E.

6.30am: sounding: 120 fathoms no bottom.

9.44am: secured 1 and 2 guns.

10.16am: altered course to S24°W.

12.10pm: altered course to N63°W.

2.35pm: half speed; set course S42°E.

5.00pm: darken ship.

7.30pm: allowed 4° degrees for leeway.

7.50pm: all foremost guns secured.

Distance run 225.5 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368da: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-007_1.jpg)


9 February 1917

At patrol.

Lat 65.9, Long -10.6

[Wind WNW veering NE force 4-6; sea rough; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 33°F, sea 35°F]

0.01am: course N30°W.

8.00am: altered course to S42°E.

11.00am: secured foremost guns; course N25°E, full speed.

1.17pm: challenged HMS Andes.

1.35pm: straight course.

3.15pm: sighted and challenged HMS Changuinola; boat away for mails.

4.02pm: boat alongside; full speed ahead on course S25°W.

Distance run 174.6 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368db: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-008_0.jpg)


10 February 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.9, Long -10.2

[Wind mainly E force 3-4; sea slight; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 38°F, sea 44°F]

[Base courses S23-25°W, straight, en route to Liverpool]

8.10am: challenged HMS Avenger; reply correct.

[straight run SW on S23-25°W through the day]

Distance run 355.8 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368dc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-008_1.jpg)


11 February 1917

At sea en route to Liverpool.

Lat 55.7, Long -10.7

[Wind mainly ESE veering NE force 2-4; sea slight; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 46°F, sea 49°F]

3.30am: zigzagging 1 point each side.

7.15am: sighted and challenged HMS Hilary.

9.00am: Starboard Watch closed up at guns.*

10.00am: commenced advancing zigzagging 22°.

1.53pm: altered course to S70°E.

3.15pm: sounding: 100 fathoms.

4.45pm: sounding: 100 fathoms.

5.25pm: sounding: 60 fathoms.

6.30pm: altered course to S73°E.

7.15pm: Long Island Light sighted; ship steadied on S77°E.

7.42pm: altered course to S80°E; Arranmore Lighthouse abeam.

8.40pm: Tory Island Light abeam 1½ miles.

10.00pm: altered course to S88°E; Fanad Light abeam 7.3 miles.

10.55pm: Inishtrahull abeam 2½ miles; altered course to S50°E.

Distance run 378.4 miles.

*[Note: Virginian had been warned that a submarine had been seen off the Isle of Man. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 615.]


4caf8c80cadfd341970368dd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-009_0.jpg)


12 February 1917

At sea and at Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NE force 2-4; sea slight; mainly overcast; air temperature average 39°F, sea 44°F]

0.55am: entered Rathlin Sound.

1.10am: Rue Point abeam.

1.33am: altered course to S22°E; Torr Point abeam.

2.35am: altered course to SSW to clear submarine net.

2.43am: altered course to S20°E.

2.51am: Highland Rock buoy abeam.

2.57am: Maidens Light abeam.

4.05am: Mew Island Light abeam; altered course to S.

4.56am: Skulmartin abeam.

6.00am: altered course to S5°E.

7.20am: Chickens Light abeam 5.7 miles; altered course to S47°E.

7.40am: Chickens Light abeam; altered course to N47°E, zigzagging 1 point.

9.12am: straight course.

9.40am: zigzagging 11°.

10.40am: sounding: 21 fathoms fine sand.

11.00am: sounding: 20 fathoms black sand.

11.25am: sounding: 18 fathoms sand and broken rock; altered course to S51°E.

Noon: Bar Light Vessel abeam.

12.10pm: pilot Rawson on board; course and speed to pilot’s order.

1.15pm: entered Sandon Basin; tug fast astern.

2.05pm: entered Sandon Dock.

2.20pm: let go forward tug.

2.45pm: fast in NE berth.

4.00pm: liberty men long and short leave ashore; mail arrived; clear lower deck, boat hoisted.

Coal remaining 734 tons.

Distance run 361.1 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368de: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-009_1.jpg)


13 February 1917

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NW force 3; mainly overcast; air temperature average 43°F]

9.00am: shifted ship to other side of the dock; 3 ratings discharged to RNB Portsmouth, 1 to RNB Chatham.

10.30am: ship secured; gangway correct; hands employed painting ship.

1.00pm: gunners party clearing wire from propellers.

2.15pm: received 4 ratings on board from HMS Eagle.

Distance run 10.9 miles.


4caf8c80cadfd341970368df: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-010_0.jpg)


14 February 1917

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock NE Berth.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind N and NW force 3-5; mainly overcast; air temperature average 40°F]

[Regular daily routine of crew painting ship and getting in stores, and liberty men going ashore]


4caf8c81cadfd341970368e0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-010_1.jpg)


15 February 1917

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock NE Berth.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind W and NW force 3-5; mainly overcast; air temperature average 42°F]

[Regular daily routine of crew painting ship and getting in stores, and liberty men going ashore]

6.30pm: 1000 tons of coal taken aboard.


4caf8c81cadfd341970368e1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-011_0.jpg)


16 February 1917

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock NE Berth.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SE force 2; broken cloud]

[Regular daily routine of crew painting ship and getting in stores, and liberty men going ashore]

9.05am: Harland and Wolff and Allan Line workmen aboard.

5.50pm: part of watch engaged in shifting ship; 36 Harland and Wolff workmen aboard.


4caf8c81cadfd341970368e2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-011_1.jpg)


17 February 1917

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock NE Berth.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SE force 2; overcast; air temperature average 40°F]

[Regular daily routine of crew painting ship and getting in stores, and liberty men going ashore]


4caf8c81cadfd341970368e3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-012_0.jpg)


18 February 1917

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SE force 2; overcast with rain squalls; air temperature average 40°F]

[Regular daily routine of crew painting ship and getting in stores, and liberty men going ashore]

11.00am: hands to church.

12.20pm: tug made fast; shifted ship to Canada Dock No. 2 Berth.

2.20pm: made fast in SE corner Canada No. 2.


4caf8c81cadfd341970368e4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-012_1.jpg)


19 February 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind S and SE force 2-3; cloudy; air temperature average 40°F]

[Regular daily routine of crew painting ship and getting in stores, and liberty men going ashore]

5.45am: duty watch called to send wire across the dock.

8.00am: hands fall in to allow barges to come inside.


4caf8c81cadfd341970368e5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-013_0.jpg)


20 February 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SE force 3; overcast with rain squalls; air temperature average 45°F]

[Regular daily routine of crew painting ship and getting in stores, and liberty men going ashore]

10.00am: 11 ratings joined ship.

11.30am: 10 ratings discharged.

11.00pm: landed fire party with appliance to Teutonic.

11.50pm: fire party returned with appliance.


4caf8c81cadfd341970368e6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-013_1.jpg)


21 February 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind E backing NE force 3; overcast with rain squalls; air temperature average 45°F]

[Regular daily routine of crew painting ship and getting in stores, and liberty men going ashore]

8.00am: 65 Allan Line and 9 Harland and Wolff workmen aboard; Seaman Anderson RNR discharged to hospital.

2.30pm: received 3 firemen from HMS Eagle.

4.00pm: shifted ship- stern damaged.

5.15pm: ship secured.


4caf8c81cadfd341970368e7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-014_0.jpg)


22 February 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NE backing NW force 3; overcast with drizzle]

[Regular daily routine of crew painting ship and getting in stores, and liberty men going ashore]

9.00am: new hands boat pulling.

11.00am: hove stern off to allow barge to enter.

2.00pm: boilermakers repairing bow.


4caf8c81cadfd341970368e8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-014_1.jpg)


23 February 1917

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind N force 2; cloud with mist]

11.45am: tugs made fast fore and aft.

Noon: entered basin.

12.10pm: passed through locks.

12.25pm: entered river; let go stern tug.

12.50pm: let go head tug; vessel brought to on starboard anchor 75 fathoms.

8.30pm: ship swinging to ebb.

8.45pm: thick fog; all precautions; Secombe Landing Stage bore W¾N; 75 fathoms of cable.

10.10pm: started dragging; engines as required to heave up anchor.

11.10pm: collision with steamer on starboard quarter.

11.40pm: dropped anchor.


4caf8c81cadfd341970368e9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-015_0.jpg)


24 February 1917


At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind E force 1; fog; air temperature average 53°F]

0.50am: commenced to swing to flood.

1.45am: let go anchor; 30 fathoms.

1.55am: ferry boat collided forward; cleared and proceeded.

2.00am: ship’s head S; thick fog.

Noon: dense fog; weighed starboard anchor.

1.10pm: stoker Richards jumped overboard. Boy Roakes went overboard to rescue him.

1.20pm: both picked up by tug and returned on board.

7.00pm: tender Panther left ship.

7.35pm: tender Panther alongside.

8.00pm: slack water; ship canting to floodtide.

8.40pm: commenced to swing.


4caf8c81cadfd341970368ea: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-015_1.jpg)


25 February 1917

At sea en route to patrol ground.

Lat 53.3, Long -5.1

[Wind mainly WNW force 3-4; sea slight; early fog then mist and cloud; air temperature average 44°F, sea 44°F]

0.25am: stand by.

0.30am: started to heave up anchor.

1.10am: port anchor up; slow ahead.

1.35am: North Wall Light abeam; course N10°W [followed by various NW courses]

2.45am: Formby Light Vessel abeam; dropped pilot.

3.15am: Bar Light Vessel abeam; log streamed; set course N72°W, 12 knots.

6.32am: Skerries abeam 5.9 miles.

6.45am: full speed; commenced zigzagging 22°.

9.04am: altered course to N28°E, zigzagging 22°.

12.50pm: South Rock Light bore N68°W; altered course to N4°E.

2.20pm: Mew Island Light abeam 4.6 miles.

4.35pm: course various through Rathlin Sound.

8.40pm: Inishtrahull Light abeam ¾ mile.

10.00pm: Fanad Head abeam 9 miles.

10.40pm: Tory Island abeam 8 miles.*

Distance run 129.9 miles.


*[Note: the log implies that the delay to Virginian’s departure from Liverpool was because of thick fog in the Mersey, but Admiral Tupper reported to the Admiralty that the delay was owing to an order suspending the sailing of all ships apart from destroyers through the North Channel as a result of intensified U-boat activity. Hence Virginian’s northbound route around Tory Island. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 623.]


4caf8c81cadfd341970368eb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-016_0.jpg)


26 February 1917

At sea en route to patrol ground.

Lat 55.2, Long -11.1

[Wind mainly WNW force 3-5; sea moderate; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 48°F, sea 48°F]



5.00am: electric log disconnected.

6.20am: course N70°W, full speed; zigzagging 22°.

8.00am: altered course to N20°W.

10.00am: zigzagging 11°.

3.25pm: altered course to N23°E, zigzagging 1 point, 14 knots.

5.00pm: No. 58 and 59 warrants read; C. Baker, stoker, and A. Nicholson, sea prisoners committed to 14 days cells.

7.00pm: straight course.

Distance run 305.1 miles.


4caf8c81cadfd341970368ec: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-016_1.jpg)


27 February 1917

At patrol.

Lat 59.3, Long -12.6

[Wind WSW veering NW force 3-7; sea moderate becoming rough; broken cloud and overcast with squalls; air temperature average 47°F, sea 48°F]

0.01am: course N23°E.

7.00am: commenced zigzagging 11°.

10.50am: straight course N28°E.

9.30pm: allowed 3° for leeway; sighted steamer ahead.

10.27pm: courses various; stop.

10.40pm: examined SS Aztec with searchlights.

10.55pm: course N87°W to keep station.*

Distance run 268.5 miles.


*[Note: Aztec was a Norwegian ship on passage from Aarhus to New York and was intercepted in Lat. 62°17’N, Long. 13°20’W. The Captain of Virginian reported that the sea was too rough to board. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 626.]


4caf8c81cadfd341970368ed: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-017_0.jpg)


28 February 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long -13.4

[Wind WNW force 6-7; sea very rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 39°F, sea 44°F]

1.00am: reduced speed to 7 knots; course N87°W.

11.00am: 6 knots.

1.25pm: courses various as required to board SS Aztec.

1.55pm: stopped; dropped boat; full speed ahead.

3.00pm: stopped; boat returned; SS Aztec allowed to proceed.*

9.00pm: altered course to N56°E.

Distance run 159.9 miles.


*[Note: Virginian found Aztec’s documents to be correct, and allowed her to proceed after obtaining a guarantee that she would call at Halifax, Nova Scotia. See Grainger reference above.]



LOGS FOR MARCH 1917

4caf8c81cadfd341970368f1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c81cadfd341970368f2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-019_1.jpg)

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4caf8c81cadfd341970368f4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c81cadfd341970368f5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c81cadfd341970368f6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-021_1.jpg)


4caf8c81cadfd341970368f7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c81cadfd341970368f8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c81cadfd341970368f9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c81cadfd341970368fa: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c81cadfd341970368fb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-003_0.jpg)

4caf8c81cadfd341970368ee: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-017_1.jpg)


1 March 1917

At patrol.*

Lat 64.4, Long -11.2

[Wind WSW and W force 6-7; sea very rough; overcast with mist; air temperature average 43°F, sea 44°F]

2.00am: course N56°E, 10½ knots.

8.00am: slow speed, course S35°W.

8.45am: challenged by HMS Avenger.

8.54am: full speed, course N42°W to keep station astern of Avenger.

11.20am: altered course to N43°E; sounded: 110 fathoms black sand.

2.00pm: sounding: 140 fathoms no bottom; altered course to S5°W.

7.30pm: altered course to N30°E.

9.45pm: altered course to N.

11.00pm: altered course to S13°W.

Distance run 237½ miles.


*[Note: Virginian is now on “A” Patrol, north of the Faroes.]


4caf8c81cadfd341970368ef: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67724/ADM 53-67724-018_0.jpg)


2 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 64.6, Long -11.3

[Wind SE force 6 reducing; sea rough reducing; overcast with rain and broken cloud; air temperature average 42°F, sea 40°F]

[Base courses S13°W and N12°W]

8.07am: altered course to S60°E to intercept Norwegian barque Pericles.

8.55am: altered course to S73°E; stopped and boat away to Pericles.

10.15am: boat returned; commenced to circle in vicinity of vessel awaiting instructions by W/T.

11.55pm: sighted and challenged HMS Avenger; set course S70°W, full speed.

12.25pm: stopped; boat away to Avenger with mails.

1.20pm: boat returned; set course W, half ahead.

2.35pm: altered course to S15°E.

10.30pm: sounded: 330 fathoms no bottom.

Distance run 162 miles.


4caf8c81cadfd341970368fe: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-004_1.jpg)


3 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 64.4, Long -10.4

[Wind mainly S (SSE and SSW) force 2-5; sea rough reducing to moderate; mist, rain and broken cloud; air temperature average 39°F, sea 39°F]

0.01am: course S4°E, zigzagging 1 point.

6.00am: altered course to N12°W.

10.50am: sounded to 140 fathoms.

11.15am: sighted SV on port bow; altered course to N62°W to intercept; sounded to 120 fathoms black sand.

12.30pm: sounded to 87 fathoms fine sand.

12.45pm: stop; boat away to Danish SV Alexander Lawrence; slow ahead.

1.50pm: boat returned; slow ahead and courses various while taking deviations.

3.45pm: set course S15°E.

7.40pm: altered course to N12°W.

Midnight: altered course to S16°E.

Distance run 229.6 miles.


4caf8c81cadfd341970368ff: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-005_0.jpg)


4 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 64.4, Long -11.1

[Wind mainly ESE veering S force 5-6; sea rough; overcast and broken cloud; air temperature average 39°F, sea 39°F]

[Base courses S16°E and N12°W straight]

[Base course routine through the day]

9.45am: divisions, prayers and Captain’s inspection.

1.53pm: sighted sailing vessel; altered course to S62°E to intercept.

2.55pm: SV Alexander Lawrence allowed to proceed; set course S16°E.*

Distance run 223.6 miles.


*[Note: this vessel was on passage from Frederickshaven to Savannah, and was allowed to proceed on giving an undertaking to call in at Halifax or Bermuda, whichever was most convenient. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 628.]


4caf8c81cadfd34197036900: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-005_1.jpg)


5 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 64.3, Long -11.0

[Wind mainly SE force 5-7; sea very rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 36°F, sea 38°F]

[Base courses S15°E and N12°W straight]

11.00am: sounded: 140 fathoms.

Noon: altered course N62°W.

1.05: altered course to S25°W.

4.17pm: altered course to S15°E; hove to; ship’s head SE.

6.00pm: ship’s head S15°E.

11.45pm: challenged by HMS Avenger.

11.57pm: altered course to N12°W.

Distance run 175.7 miles.


4caf8c81cadfd34197036901: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-006_0.jpg)


6 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 64.1, Long -10.4

[Wind mainly SE force 3-7; sea very rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 36°F, sea 37°F]

[Base courses S16°E and N12°W straight]

[Base course routine through the day]

8.00am: sighted and challenged HMS Patia.

Distance run 142.3 miles.


4caf8c81cadfd34197036902: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-006_1.jpg)


7 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 64.0, Long -14.2

[Wind SSE force 4-6; sea rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 40°F, sea 43°F]

2.45am: course S83°W, 2° leeway; challenged by HMS Patia.

10.50am: sounding: 110 fathoms sand.

2.20pm: altered course to N58°W.

9.30pm: altered course to N88°W, 2° leeway.

Distance run 230.1 miles.


4caf8c81cadfd34197036903: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-007_0.jpg)


8 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.0, Long -20.4

[Wind NE veering SE force 5-7; sea very rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 39°F, sea 43°F]

[Base courses S88°E and N88°W straight]

[Base course routine through the day]

4.15pm: challenged by HMS Changuinola.

10.38pm: Portland Light abeam.*

Distance run 216.6 miles.


*[Note: the lighthouse is Dyrhólaey, situated on a small peninsula on the south coast of Iceland, formerly known as “Cape Portland” by seamen. Virginian has now moved over to Iceland in accordance with a general order from the C-in-C, Grand Fleet that all vessels in the Squadron keep to the west of Longitude 20° because of the intensified U-boat menace. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 640.]


4caf8c81cadfd34197036904: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-007_1.jpg)


9 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.6, Long -15.5

[Wind NE and E force 5-7; sea rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 36°F, sea 41°F]

[Base courses S63-68°E straight and zigzagging en route to Busta Voe]

5.30am: altered course to S10°E.

5.40am: altered course to S63°E; general alarm rung on account of suspicious white light.*

Noon: 2° leeway.

1.15pm: 3° leeway.

5.05pm: commenced zigzagging 22°, course S63°E.

10.55pm: zigzagging 33°.

Coal remaining 1655 tons.

Distance run 220.8 miles.


*[Note: as Virginian had to come east of Longitude 20° in order to reach Busta Voe, she was expressly warned to be aware of U-boat attack.]


4caf8c81cadfd34197036905: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-008_0.jpg)


10 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long -7.4

[Wind mainly E force 4-6; sea rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 36°F, sea 43°F]

[Base course SE straight and zigzagging en route to Busta Voe]

2.00am: reduced zigzag to 22°; course S65°E.

5.30am: zigzagging 33°.

10.00am: reduced zigzag to 22°; altered course to N24°E.

Noon: altered course to S19°E.

1.00pm: challenged HMS Armadale Castle.

1.50pm: stop; boat alongside; transferred W/T rating to Armadale Castle.

1.54pm: boat away.

2.00pm: full speed.

4.23pm: course S22°E, zigzagging 22°.

6.00pm: straight course.

8.55pm: slow speed while securing forward guns.

9.10pm: full speed.

Midnight: navigation lights switched on.

Distance run 282.9 miles.


4caf8c81cadfd34197036906: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-008_1.jpg)


11 March 1917

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind SSE force 5; sea moderate; overcast; air temperature average 38°F, sea 42°F]

0.45am: dead slow while securing No.1 gun.

0.55am: full speed, course S22°E, 3° leeway.

4.00am: sounding: 100 fathoms sand.

5.25am: sounding: 67 fathoms sand.

7.50am: Muckle Roe Light abeam.

8.25am: let go starboard anchor; anchored in No.1 Berth.

9.10am: received on board 1 fireman.

9.20am: collier Cairnnevis alongside.

9.40am: collier Towneley alongside.

10.00am: commenced coaling.

2.15pm: water boat Hibernia alongside.

7.55pm: ceased coaling.

Distance run 227.9 miles.

4caf8c81cadfd34197036907: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-009_0.jpg)


12 March 1917

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind ESE force 2-3; overcast; air temperature average 38°F]

4.00am: Busta Flagstaff bore N83°W.

6.00am: commenced coaling.

10.15am: 1 rating injured during coaling.

12.20pm: collier Towneley shoved off.

3.30pm: finished coaling.


4caf8c81cadfd34197036908: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-009_1.jpg)


13 March 1917

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind SE force 2-3; overcast; air temperature average 40°F]

6.19pm: hove up anchor.

6.50pm: passed through boom; set course NW.

7.21pm: Esha Ness Light bore N3°E; helm and speed as requisite.

8.55pm: set straight course N7°E.

Midnight: 2° leeway.


4caf8c81cadfd34197036909: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-010_0.jpg)


14 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.3, Long -15.2

[Wind NE veering ESE force 3-5; sea moderate; broken cloud; air temperature average 39°F, sea 43°F]

2.00am: course N16°W, zigzagging 22°, 2° leeway.

8.30am: altered course to N66°W.

9.15am: fire discovered on firemen's mess deck.

10.00am: altered course to N82°W; challenged HMS Motagua.

10.25am: resumed course N66°W.

Noon: altered course to S77°W, zigzagging 11°.

2.14pm: Malin Head [sic: most likely Mykines Head, Faroe Islands] abeam 15 miles.

3.45pm: altered course to N4°E to intercept steamer.

4.21pm: stop; boat away to SS Rotterdam.*

4.55pm: boat returned; set course S50°W.

6.55pm: altered course to S70°W; challenged HMS Orvieto.

7.35pm: stop; boat alongside.

7.42pm: boat away; full ahead, course W.

8.10pm: altered course to N61°W.

Distance run 233.2 miles.


*[Note: Rotterdam was a large passenger liner (24,000 tons) on the Holland/America route.]


4caf8c81cadfd3419703690a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-010_1.jpg)


15 March 1917

At patrol.*

Lat 62.3, Long -15.2

[Wind “light airs” then SSE force 5-6; sea slight then rough; cloudy; air temperature average 39°F, sea 44°F]

[Base courses N57°W, S83°E straight and zigzagging]

0.50am: courses various to intercept trawler GY 982. [Quixotic]

1.30am: stop.

2.22am: boat returned; trawler allowed to proceed.

5.00am: commenced zigzagging 11°.

6.10am: altered course to S54°W.

6.37am: altered course to N55°W.

Noon: altered course to N57°W.

5.40pm: straight course, zigzagging 11°.

9.00pm: altered course to S83°E, 3° leeway.

Distance run 267.8 miles.


*[Note: Virginian is now on “B” Patrol, 340° from Lat. 60°20’N, Long. 15°10’W, steering 250° and 70°.]


4caf8c81cadfd3419703690b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-011_0.jpg)


16 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.3, Long -15.2

[Wind SSW backing S force 2-3; sea slight; mist and fog; air temperature average 45°F, sea 46°F]

[Base courses N80°W, S83°E straight and zigzagging]

[Base course routine through the day]

10.20am: commenced zigzagging 11°.

2.30pm: straight course, reduced speed. Fog cleared, increased speed.

6.00pm: altered course to S47°E.

Midnight: course S83°E, 2° leeway.

Number on sick list: 3.

Distance run 238.6 miles.


4caf8c81cadfd3419703690c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-011_1.jpg)


17 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.3, Long -15.2

[Wind SW and S force 5-6; sea very rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 46°F, sea 47°F]

[Base courses N80°W, S83°E straight]

[Base course routine through the day]

6.00am: altered course to N80°W, 2° for leeway.

1.05pm: heavy sea smashed port in firemen's mess.

1.17pm: altered course to S25°W, slow speed.

1.55pm: altered course to N80°W, allowing 5° leeway; port secured.

6.00pm: no leeway.

8.57pm: altered course to S83°E.

Distance run 231.3 miles.


4caf8c81cadfd3419703690d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-012_0.jpg)


18 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.4, Long -15.4

[Wind W force 5-6; sea very rough; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 43°F, sea 45°F]

[Base courses N80°W, S83°E straight]

[Base course routine through the day]

3.00pm: log foul.

6.00pm: electric log not working.

6.30pm: log correct.

Distance run 139.1 miles.


4caf8c81cadfd3419703690e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-012_1.jpg)


19 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.1, Long -14.3

[Wind W veering N force 5-6; sea rough with heavy swell; broken cloud with snow squalls; air temperature average 36°F, sea 45°F]

[Base courses N8°E, S6°W straight]

5.43am: altered course to N8°E.

8.20am: altered course to S6°W.

11.10am: altered course to N10°W to intercept trawler Evergreen [Hull H 718]

11.15am: trawler allowed to proceed; altered course to N60°W.

2.07pm: altered course to S57°E.

4.00pm: altered course to S6°W.

6.00pm: N8°E.

Number on sick list: 4.

Distance run 193.9 miles.


4caf8c81cadfd3419703690f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-013_0.jpg)


20 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.1, Long -14.5

[Wind mainly N force 5; sea rough becoming moderate; broken cloud; air temperature average 41°F, sea 45°F]

[Base courses N8°E, S6°W straight]

1.55am: sighted light on port bow.

2.00am: altered course to S30°W.

2.15am: trawler Gibraltar* [H 1000] on passage Hull to Iceland; allowed to proceed; altered course to N8°E.

[Base course routine up to 10.40pm]

11.37pm: courses various while intercepting Hull trawler.

11.45pm: altered course to S26°W.

Distance run 217.4 miles.


*[Note: this vessel was sunk by a U-boat off Rattray Head only two weeks after this encounter with Virginian, possibly as it was returning to Hull from this voyage.]


4caf8c81cadfd34197036910: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-013_1.jpg)


21 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.2, Long -14.4

[Wind variable, NE veering (sic) NNW force 2-4; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 40°F, sea 45°F]

9.00am: altered course to N61°W: stop; out target; firing carried out with 1” aiming and 6". Direct hit at target which collapsed.

10.45am: target in.

11.10am: course N64°E, zigzagging 22°.

Noon: altered course to N86°E.

1.00pm: altered course to S89°W.

4.40pm: stop; out target; firing carried out with 6". Direct hit at target which collapsed.

5.25pm: target in; set course S89°W, zigzagging 22°.

6.30pm: altered course to N86°E, zigzagging 22°.

8.30pm: straight course.

Distance run 134.3 miles.


4caf8c81cadfd34197036911: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-014_0.jpg)


22 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.3, Long -13.1

[Wind variable, NW backing SW force 5; sea moderate; broken cloud; air temperature average 45°F, sea 45°F]

[Base courses S86-89°W, N86°E straight and zigzagging]

0.05am: altered course to intercept trawler.

0.20am: used searchlight to identify trawler Golden Gleam [Grimsby GY 282]

0.40am: altered course to S by E½E; stop and fired blank for auxiliary schooner to heave to; away boarding boat.

4.30am: boat returned; vessel allowed to proceed; set course N86°E.

6.50am: commenced zigzagging 22°.

8.00am: altered course to S89°W, zigzagging 22°.

11.30am: altered course to N40°W to intercept schooner.

11.50am: resumed course - SV allowed to proceed.

Noon: zigzagging 1 point.

1.40pm: altered course to S26°W, straight and full speed.

4.00pm: altered course to N61°W.

9.48pm: altered course to S41°E and various; stop; boat away to [Dutch] SS Schiedijk on passage from Rotterdam to New York.

Distance run 260½ miles.


4caf8c81cadfd34197036912: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-014_1.jpg)


23 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.3, Long -13.2

[Wind W veering NW force 2-4; sea moderate; broken cloud; air temperature average 46°F, sea 46°F]

[Base courses S89°W, N86°E straight and zigzagging]

0.26am: steamer allowed to proceed giving a guarantee to call in at Halifax; half ahead; steadied on N72°E.*

6.00am: zigzagging 2 points.

9.50am: stop and courses various while target practice carried out.

11.15am: target in; set course S89°W.

[Base course routine and zigzagging the rest of the day]

Distance run 260½ miles.


*[Note: the procedure of ships being asked to call in at N American ports was increasing and reflected a change in the blockade as the emphasis shifted to control of shipping in the ports. Admiral Tupper reported that the number of ships sent in during March 1917 was very small compared with other months. “This was due to the adoption of Halifax as an examination port….the number of vessels intercepted was normal.” However, a further factor was the increasing belligerence of the USA which closed off German access to neutral ports. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 667.]


4caf8c81cadfd34197036914: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-015_1.jpg)


24 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.3, Long -12.6

[Wind W veering NW force 6-7; sea very rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 43°F, sea 46°F]

[Base courses S87°W, N86°E straight]

6.00am: 3° for leeway S87°W.

9.00am: leeway taken off.

11.25am: altered course to SW; intercepted Danish SS Lilleborg on passage for New York via Halifax.

8.00pm: accompanying steamer.*

9.00pm: speeds various to keep in touch with SS.

Distance run 228 miles.


*[Note: Virginian had reported that the sea was too rough to board this vessel, which was intercepted in Lat.62°20’N, Long. 13°41’W, while on passage from Copenhagen to New York. Admiral Tupper ordered her to shadow the steamer, and for her to be ordered to lie to with lights while instructions were received from the Admiralty. An armed guard from Virginian then boarded the Lilleborg, and she was allowed to proceed on giving a guarantee to call in at Halifax. This promise was not kept. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 649-650.]


4caf8c81cadfd34197036915: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-016_0.jpg)


25 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.4, Long -15.3

[Wind WNW force 6 then variable force 4; sea very rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 40°F, sea 46°F]

[Base courses S87°W, N86°E straight]

9.40am: altered course to S75°W.

9.50am: stopped; boat away to steamer; boat returned; SS Lilleborg allowed to proceed; set course N66°E.

1.30pm: altered course to N43°W [then base course routine]

6.30pm: challenged HMS Ebro.

Distance run 91 miles.


4caf8c81cadfd34197036916: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-016_1.jpg)


26 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.1, Long -13.0

[Wind variable NE then W force 2-5; sea moderate; mainly cloudy; air temperature average 35°F, sea 42°F]

6.00am: altered course to S26°W.

6.50am: challenged HMS Hildebrand.

9.10am: altered course to N62°W.

10.15am: altered course to S75°W, full speed.

1.00pm: altered course to S; challenged HMS Avenger.*

1.24pm: boat away to Avenger [and various courses]

2.50pm: stop.

3.05pm: boat inboard; set course N57°W, half speed, zigzagging 2 points.

5.40pm: straight course.

[7.00-8.30pm: rapid changes of course NW & SE]

Distance run 229.3 miles.


*[Note: Admiral Tupper had temporarily transferred his flag to Avenger, and Commander Wilding met with him on that ship and received orders for Virginian to proceed to Liverpool. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 652.]


4caf8c81cadfd34197036917: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-017_0.jpg)


27 March 1917

At patrol.

Lat 60.6, Long -14.5

[Wind variable SW and W force 5; sea moderate to rough; mainly cloudy with mist; air temperature average 45°F, sea 46°F]

[Base courses S24-26°W, N63°E straight]

[Base course routine through the day; SW straight course after 1.00 am]

Coal remaining 1106 tons.

Distance run 266.4 miles.


4caf8c81cadfd34197036918: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-017_1.jpg)


28 March 1917

At sea en route to Liverpool.

Lat 55.4, Long -13.1

[Wind variable NW and W force 5-6; sea moderate to rough; mainly cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 43°F, sea 46°F]

4.17am: altered course to S48°E.

8.00am: zigzagging 2 points; altered course to S63°E.

9.40am: ship sighted ahead; challenged HMS Patia.

10.15am: stopped.*

10.30am: full speed, S63°E, zigzagging 2 points.

Noon: altered course N65°W, zigzagging 2 points.

8.30pm: straight course S65°E.

10.25pm: sounding: 63 fathoms fine sand.

10.55pm: sounding: 50 fathoms fine sand.

11.18pm: altered course to S68°E; Tory Island Light bore S49°E.

11.58pm: Aran Light abeam.


*[Note: this stop was to pick up a patient from Patia who was suffering from an intestinal disorder in order to take him to Liverpool. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 653, also HMS Patia]


4caf8c81cadfd34197036919: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-018_0.jpg)


29 March 1917

At sea en route to Liverpool.

Lat 54.0, Long -4.5

[Wind variable NW and W force 5-6; sea rough reducing; mainly cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 39°F, sea 42°F]

0.37am: Tory Island Light abeam.

1.57am: Fanad Point abeam 6½ miles.

2.00am: courses various to pass through Inishtrahull Sound.

2.52am: Inishtrahull Light abeam; altered course to S58°E.

3.50am: Dungaree Light abeam 8½ miles.

5.05am: courses various for passing Rathlin.

5.50am: altered course to S22°E.

7.03am: Maidens Light bearing S23°W; altered course to S.

7.25am: altered course S10°W.

8.25am: half speed.

8.31am: slow.

8.55am: stopped.

9.00am: came to on port anchor in 6¼ fathoms.

10.30am: dropped starboard anchor in 15 fathoms; at anchor in Belfast Lough.*

2.00pm: weighed starboard anchor.

2.30pm: HMS Orvieto left harbour.

3.00pm: HMS Andes left harbour.

3.40pm: anchor up.

3.50pm: set course S48°E; full ahead.

4.30pm: Mew Island light abeam 10½ miles.

5.00pm: zigzagging 22°; Skulmartin Light Vessel abeam.

5.52pm: South Rock Light abeam; fire broke out in thermal casing aft; fire extinguished.

7.54pm: Chickens Light abeam 2¼ miles.

9.15pm: Chickens Light abeam 2¼ miles; altered course to N; zigzagging 11°.

11.55pm: Mull of Galloway abeam 11 miles.

Coal remaining 784 tons.


*[Note: At 4.00am, a signal was sent diverting Virginian, Andes and Orvieto to Belfast as the port of Liverpool was temporarily closed because of mines.]


4caf8c81cadfd3419703691a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-018_1.jpg)


30 March 1917

At sea en route to Liverpool.

Lat 55.95, Long -4.77

[Wind variable NW and NE force 2-3; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 44°F, sea 42°F]

0.57am: Black Head bore 4 points.

1.06am: Black Head abeam; altered course to ENE.

2.05am: Corsewall Light abeam; altered course to N49°E.

2.40am: Ailsa Craig Light abeam; altered course to N24°E [and various NE courses]

5.50am: passed through boom defence.

6.20am: stop.

6.53am: hove to on port anchor in 13 fathoms, 4 shackles of cable out; at anchor off Greenock.*

11.45am: flotilla of 4 destroyers arrived.

10.00pm: vessel slewed ENE; bearings: Kempock Point N78°W, vert. [vertical?] light S24°E, ship’s head ENE.

Distance run 215.4 miles.


*[Note: Liverpool was closed once again and Virginian, Andes and Orvieto were now diverted to the Clyde.]


4caf8c81cadfd3419703691b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-019_0.jpg)


31 March 1917


At Greenock en route to Liverpool.

Lat 55.95, Long -4.77

[Wind “light airs”; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 40°F, sea 37°F]

9.00am: hands employed cleaning ship.


4caf8c81cadfd3419703691c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c81cadfd3419703691d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c81cadfd3419703691e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c81cadfd3419703691f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c81cadfd34197036920: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67725/ADM 53-67725-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR APRIL 1917


4caf8c81cadfd34197036921: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c81cadfd34197036922: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c81cadfd34197036923: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c81cadfd34197036924: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c81cadfd34197036925: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c81cadfd34197036926: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-003_1.jpg)


1 April 1917


At Greenock en route to Liverpool.

Lat 55.95, Long -4.77

[Wind calm then SE force 1-3; sea smooth; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 35°F, sea 35°F]

8.10am: HMS Columbella left.

9.35am: HMS Columbella returned.

12.38pm: commenced heaving up anchor.

12.40pm: anchor up.

1.00pm: permission to proceed; engines full ahead.

1.20pm: passed boom.

2.12pm: set course S20°W.

2.17pm: Little Cumbrae abeam; altered course S26°W.

3.05pm: Holy Island Light abeam 1 mile.

3.25pm: Pladda abeam; altered course to SSW.

4.13pm: altered course to S60°W; Ailsa Craig abeam.

5.31pm: altered course to S.

6.08pm: Mew Island abeam 6 miles; challenged by HMS Almanzora.

6.30pm: commenced zigzagging, advanced 22°.

7.05pm: Skulmartin abeam 6½ miles.

7.38pm: South Rock abeam 8 miles.

9.24pm: Chickens abeam 5 miles.

9.45pm: Langness abeam 15 miles.

11.15pm: Skerries bore S32°W 18 miles.


4caf8c81cadfd34197036927: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-004_0.jpg)


2 April 1917

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SE and variable force 1-3; sea smooth; mainly cloudy; air temperature average 38°F, sea 40°F]

2.15am: reduced to slow speed; courses various for entering harbour.

3.35am: pilot on board; helm and engines to pilot’s order.

5.45am: let go port anchor; leave to Starboard Watch; anchored in River Mersey.

Draft arriving: forward 23’4”, aft 25’10”.

3.00pm: Sub Lt. Cass left the ship to depot.

7.05pm: commenced heaving up anchor.

7.20pm: anchor up; proceeded to dock entrance assisted by tugs.

8.25pm: received orders to return to anchor in stream.*

8.40pm: let go port anchor-60 fathoms on windlass; tug in attendance.


*[Note: because of its recent closure, Liverpool was congested with ships.]


4caf8c81cadfd34197036928: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-004_1.jpg)


3 April 1917


At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind “light airs”; overcast; air temperature average 42°F]

7.15am: commenced heaving up anchor; tugs fast.

7.23am: anchor up; helm to pilot’s order.

8.15am: off dock entrance; HMS Alsatian left dock.

8.50am: entered Sandon Dock.

9.30am: all fast alongside and let go tugs; Sub Lt. Kelly RNR joined.

10.15am: hands provisioning and ammunitioning ship (1 box kit plaster, 2 boxes of fuses, 4 boxes of 6 pounder com [ie common shells])

2.30pm: man from Patia sent to Northern Hospital by ambulance.

6.30pm: experienced fire party 3 hoses in 4 minutes.


4caf8c81cadfd34197036929: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-005_0.jpg)


4 April 1917

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; broken cloud; air temperature average 40°F]

[Regular daily routine of painting and maintaining ship and getting in stores, and liberty men taking leave]

8.00am: men from various stores companies on board.

6.00pm: commenced coaling.


4caf8c81cadfd3419703692a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-005_1.jpg)


5 April 1917

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 1-2; broken cloud; air temperature average 40°F]

2.30pm: stopped coaling, received 921 tons; singled up moorings.

3.10pm: left Sandon Dock.

4.30pm: entered Canada Dry Dock.

6.00pm: commenced shoring up.

7.00pm: took blocks.

7.25pm: finished shoring up.

8.00pm: ship settled in dock.

8.30pm: steward Lyode apprehended for smuggling [presumably alcohol]


4caf8c81cadfd3419703692b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-006_0.jpg)


6 April 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dry Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 1-2; broken cloud; air temperature average 40°F]

3.00am: starboard propeller off and gang employed fitting new one.

9.00am: 4 ratings joined ship from Eagle.

9.45am: hands to church on the mess deck.*


*[Note: it was unusual to hold a church service on a Friday, but this is the date of the entry of the USA into the war]


4caf8c81cadfd3419703692c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-006_1.jpg)


7 April 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 1-2; cloudy; air temperature average 43°F]

6.00am: commenced flooding dry dock.

7.00am: ship floating.

7.30am: dock full.

8.00am: proceeded to Canada Dock assisted by tugs.

9.00am: all fast in No. 2 Berth.

11.30pm: clocks advanced 1 hour.*


*[Note: only the second year of BST, which began in 1916.]


4caf8c81cadfd3419703692d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-007_0.jpg)


8 April 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; broken cloud; air temperature average 45°F]

1.20am: Police reported Leading Seaman Leaske [or Leask] in Royal Hospital injured.

8.00am: continued coaling.

8.40-11.30am: church parties [this was a Sunday]

4caf8c81cadfd3419703692e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-007_1.jpg)


9 April 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NW force 2-4; broken cloud with hail showers; air temperature average 37°F]

9.00am: 3 ratings discharged to Portsmouth Barracks.

5.00pm: A.B Simpson on board from Bootle Hospital.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703692f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-008_0.jpg)


10 April 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NNW and NW force 1-3; broken cloud with snow showers; air temperature average 35°F]

[Regular daily routine of painting and maintaining ship and getting in stores, and liberty men taking leave]


4caf8c82cadfd34197036930: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-008_1.jpg)


11 April 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NNW and W force 1-3; broken cloud with snow showers; air temperature average 35°F]

[Regular daily routine of painting and maintaining ship and getting in stores, and liberty men taking leave]

10.00am: finished coaling.

[Leave ended at 10.00pm]


4caf8c82cadfd34197036931: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-009_0.jpg)


12 April 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NNW and variable force 1-3; broken cloud; air temperature average 37°F]

12.20pm: shifted ship from No. 2 Berth to NE Berth.

1.10pm: ship secured alongside.

Coal remaining 3545 tons.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036932: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-009_1.jpg)


13 April 1917

At Liverpool en route to Belfast Lough.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SW veering W force 3-5; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 41°F, sea 41°F]

0.10am: stand by; gangway ashore; cast off; tugs fast.

0.20am: entered Canada Basin.

1.40am: all fast alongside HMS Victorian; received orders to proceed to Belfast Lough.*

2.10am: cast off and proceeded to river; in river under pilot’s orders; clocks put back 1 hour to GMT.

3.10am: Formby Light Vessel abeam; discharged pilot; guns loaded and depth charges set to 80ft.

3.40am: Bar Light Vessel bearing W magnetic 1 mile; altered course to N, log streamed.

4.08am: altered course to N7°W, zigzagging 22° advancing.

7.03am: altered course to N20°E, zigzagging 22° advancing.

7.27am: Silker Light Vessel abeam.

8.20am: altered course to N45°W; St Bees Head bore N57°E.

11.40am: Scars Rock abeam 2 miles.

Noon: Mull of Galloway bore 4 pts.

12.25pm: Mull of Galloway abeam 5 miles; altered course to N50°W.

2.20pm: courses various to Navigating Commander’s order; entering Belfast Lough.

2.50pm: Copelands abeam.

3.40pm: came to on starboard anchor in 7 fathoms of water with 45 fathoms of cable on fore part windlass.

Anchor bearings (magnetic) frequently verified: Black Head N43°E, Pile Lighthouse S84°W, Carrickfergus Castle N33°W.

Distance run 113.6 miles.


*[Note: this diversion was due to the presence of mines on the north coast of Ireland.]


4caf8c82cadfd34197036933: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-010_0.jpg)


14 April 1917

At Belfast Lough.

Lat 54.6, Long -5.6

[Wind variable force 2-5; sea slight; broken cloud with showers; air temperature average 40°F, sea 41°F]

[Verification of anchor bearings through the day]


4caf8c82cadfd34197036934: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-010_1.jpg)


15 April 1917

At Belfast Lough and at sea.

Lat 54.6, Long -5.6

[Wind mainly N force 2; sea slight; cloudy with showers; air temperature average 40°F, sea 42°F]

[Verification of anchor bearings through the day]

5.40pm: commenced to heave up anchor.

5.50pm: anchor up.

6.00pm: full ahead; courses and helm as requisite for leaving harbour.

7.20pm: Maidens Light abeam.

8.32pm: altered course to NW.

9.00pm: Rue Point abeam.

11.00pm: Inishtrahull Light abeam 10 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036935: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-011_0.jpg)


16 April 1917

At sea en route to patrol.

Lat 56.0, Long -9.4

[Wind mainly N (NW and NNE) force 3; sea moderate to rough; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 42°F, sea 47°F]

0.20am: altered course to N60°W.

4.00am: commenced advancing zigzag 22°.

10.20am: straight course NW, 3° leeway.

10.50am: slow; ship’s head N41°W to secure No. 1 gun.

11.00am: full ahead.

Noon: altered course to N41°W.

8.00pm: altered course to N39°W.

9.16pm: altered course to N60°E.

Distance run 207 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036936: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-011_1.jpg)


17 April 1917

At sea en route to patrol.

Lat 58.1, Long -12.0

[Wind variable NW and S force 3; sea slight; cloudy with mist; air temperature average 45°F, sea 47°F]

6.00am: arrived at rendezvous and commenced to circle.

10.05am: challenged HMS Changuinola.

10.20am: stop; away boat.

11.00am: boat in; set course N24°E, 11 knots.

9.20pm: altered course N40°E.

11.20pm: altered course to N29°E.

Distance run 252.6 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036937: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-012_0.jpg)


18 April 1917

At sea en route to patrol.

Lat 61.6, Long -10.2

[Wind variable WNW veering SE force 3-6; sea moderate to rough; cloudy with snow squalls; air temperature average 40°F, sea 43°F]

3.37am: course N18°E.

9.00am: altered course to N6°E to intercept steamer.

9.22am: boat away to Norwegian SS [most likely] Hector.

9.30am: boat returned; challenged HMS Patia.

11.00am: boat away to Patia.

11.20am: boat returned; set course N26°E.

1.30pm: altered course to N24°W.

9.00pm: altered course to N80°E.

Distance run 268.5 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036938: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-012_1.jpg)


19 April 1917

At patrol.*

Lat 63.4, Long -10.4

[Wind variable E and N force 2-4; sea moderate with SW swell; broken cloud; air temperature average 40°F, sea 43°F]

6.00am: altered course to S82°W.

6.30am: altered course to S26°W.

8.50am: altered course to S50°W.

10.45am: challenged: HMS Patuca.

11.08am: stop; Patuca’s boat alongside.

11.20am: boat away; set course N76°W.

1.20pm: altered course to N19°E.

5.47pm: altered course to N28°E.

Midnight: altered course to S25°W.

Distance run 214.3 miles.


*[Note: Virginian is now on “A” Patrol, working between Lat. 64 and 65° North, on meridian 12° West.]


4caf8c82cadfd34197036939: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-013_0.jpg)


20 April 1917

At patrol.

Lat 64.2, Long -12.0

[Wind variable mainly NW force 2-4; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 38°F, sea 43°F]

[Base courses S25°W, N28°E straight]

[9.30-11.30am: target practice]

11.30am: course N28°E.

3.50pm: altered course to SE½E to intercept trawler; full speed.

5.45pm: courses various and stop.

6.20pm: trawler Envoy [Aberdeen A 507] allowed to proceed; half speed and steadied on N11°E.

Distance run 231 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703693a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-013_1.jpg)


21 April 1917

At patrol.

Lat 64.2, Long -11.6

[Wind mainly NNE force 2-4; sea slight with swell; broken cloud; air temperature average 35°F, sea 43°F]

[Base courses S25°W, N28°E straight]

[Base course 6-hour routine through the day]

Distance run 233½ miles.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703693b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-014_0.jpg)


22 April 1917

At patrol.

Lat 64.2, Long -11.5

[Wind mainly SW force 4-5; sea moderate; overcast with mist and fog; air temperature average 44°F, sea 45°F]

[Base courses S25°W, N28°E straight]

[Base course 6-hour routine through the day]

3.00am: thick fog patches.

3.15am: clear.

11.53am: sounding: no bottom.

Number on sick list: 4.

Distance run 239.7 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703693c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-014_1.jpg)


23 April 1917

At patrol.

Lat 64.0, Long -11.5

[Wind mainly SW force 3-7; sea rough; cloudy; air temperature average 40°F, sea 44°F]

[Base courses S25°W, various NE and NW straight]

5.30am: 8° allowed for leeway; S25°W.

7.35am: altered course to S17°W to intercept sailing vessel.

8.46am: stop; boarded Danish schooner Anemarie on passage from Faroes to Newfoundland; allowed to proceed.

11.45am: boat returned; half ahead on ESE.

12.38pm: altered course to E.

2.00pm: altered course to N53°W.

9.36pm: altered course to N28°E.

Distance run 167.7 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703693d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-015_0.jpg)


24 April 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.6, Long -11.3

[Wind mainly NW force 2-3; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 40°F, sea 44°F]

6.58am: course S49°E; challenged HMS Avenger.

7.20am: stop; Avenger’s boat alongside.

7.50am: boat away; set course N81°E.

10.10am: commenced to zigzag 11°.

12.53pm: steering S to intercept trawler, full speed.

1.30pm: stop and boat away to Hull trawler Cape Town.[most likely Capetown II H 998 which was on the Fishery Reserve]

1.55pm: boat aboard; full ahead course N85°W zigzagging 1 point.

2.40pm: courses various to intercept trawler.

3.52pm: Aberdeen trawler allowed to proceed; full speed.

7.00pm: course S48°E straight course.

Distance run 208.6 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703693e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-015_1.jpg)


25 April 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.0, Long -7.5

[Wind W backing NE force 3-4; sea slight; cloudy with mist; air temperature average 40°F, sea 44°F]

[Base course SE straight and zigzagging]

1.50am: course S67°E.

6.45am: challenged HMS Kildonan Castle.

9.25am: altered course to S46°E.

10.00am: commenced to zigzag 10° mean advancing.

12.39pm: Fuglo Island abeam.

2.45pm: altered course to S18°E, zigzagging as before.

9.00pm: altered zigzag to 2 legs only.

11.45pm: sounded to 67 fathoms.

Coal remaining 1901 tons.

Distance run 294.7 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703693f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-016_0.jpg)


26 April 1917

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind NW force 3-4; overcast with rain; air temperature average 45°F]

0.30am: sounded: 83 fathoms sand.

1.07am: commenced circling and courses various.

3.00am: Muckle Roe abeam.

3.07am: passed through boom defence; guns and depth charges secured.

3.35am: let go port and starboard anchor in 17 fathoms of water.

4.00am: starboard anchor up; at anchor with 60 fathoms of cable.

6.00am: collier Portwood alongside.

6.15am: collier Syltonia [sic: most likely Cydonia] alongside; Port Watch commenced coaling.

11.00am: HMS Achilles left harbour.

9.00pm: finished coaling for the night; collier Portwood cast off.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036940: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-016_1.jpg)


27 April 1917

At Busta Voe.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind NW force 2-4; overcast and cloudy; air temperature average 39°F]

5.30am: collier Marian [sic, but most likely Maureen] made fast along starboard side.

6.20am: HMS Dundee made fast alongside port collier.

7.25am: hands commenced coaling ship.

1.45pm: HMS Dundee cast off.

2.50pm: starboard collier cast off.

3.15pm: port collier cast off.

11.30pm: boarding boat damaged by HMS Shannon's picket boat.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036941: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-017_0.jpg)


28 April 1917

At Busta Voe and en route to patrol ground.

Lat 60.35, Long -1.37

[Wind SW force 2; cloudy with snow and rain; air temperature average 36°F]

10.5am: exercised “Abandon Ship”.

1.30pm: leave party left ship for "Brae" [?]

6.00pm: leave party returned on board.

8.22pm: hoisted No. 13 boat; gangway inboard.

8.45pm: anchor up; proceeded out of harbour; wire hawser fouled anchor.

9.10pm: passed boom.

9.20pm: Muckle Roe abeam; log streamed; set course N46°W.

9.35pm: passed HMS Cochrane.

10.00pm: altered course to N15°W, advancing zigzag 15°; challenged HMS Fiona.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036942: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-017_1.jpg)


29 April 1917

At patrol.*

Lat 62.1, Long -4.3

[Wind mainly NW to NE force 4; sea moderate; cloudy with rain showers; air temperature average 38°F, sea 45°F]

[Base courses NW straight]

9.00am: altered course to N41°W.

9.40am: sounding: 140 fathoms.

1.00pm: altered course to N47°W.

8.00pm: altered course to N50°W.

Distance run 198.8 miles.


*[Note: Virginian is now on “B” Patrol, west of the Faroes, around Lat. 62°N, Long.11°W]

4caf8c82cadfd34197036943: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-018_0.jpg)


30 April 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.4, Long -11.3

[Wind variable NE veering SW force 1-4; sea moderate; broken cloud with rain showers; air temperature average 38°F, sea 44°F]

[Base courses N77-78°W, S80-81°E straight]

3.00am: course S81°E.

7.48am: challenged HMS Otway; set course W&S.

9.40am: stopped for 10 minutes; set course N77°W.

3.15pm: altered course to S20°W to intercept trawler.

4.10pm: stopped.

4.41pm: trawler allowed to proceed; set course N52°W.

7.00pm: altered course to S80°E.

Distance run 249.1 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036944: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-018_1.jpg)

4caf8c82cadfd34197036945: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c82cadfd34197036946: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c82cadfd34197036947: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c82cadfd34197036948: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c82cadfd34197036949: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c82cadfd3419703694a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67726/ADM 53-67726-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FORMAY 1917


4caf8c82cadfd3419703694b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c82cadfd3419703694c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c82cadfd3419703694d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c82cadfd3419703694e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c82cadfd3419703694f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c82cadfd34197036950: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-003_1.jpg)


1 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.2, Long -12.4

[Wind mainly NW force 2-4; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 41°F, sea 45°F]

3.20am: sighted trawler [followed by various SE courses]

4.00am: full speed, course N69°W.

Noon: altered course to S30°W to intercept trawler [followed by various SW courses]

12.57pm: stopped; boat away; ship swinging for deviation.

3.14pm: boat returned; trawler sent in with armed guard; steadied on S40°W, full speed.

4.40pm: altered course to N30°E.

5.47pm: altered course to N86°E to intercept steamer.

6.20pm: spoke to Norwegian SS Flora* flying the correct flag of the day; altered course to N88°E.

8.00pm: courses various for correcting compass.

9.00pm: set course N85°E.

11.17pm: altered course to N50°E, full speed.

11.50pm: stop; away boat.

Distance run 233.7 miles.


*[Note: the sinking of this vessel in July 1917 is a good example of the desperation of the U-boat arm and the consequences of unrestricted submarine warfare. This ship was a regular passenger and general cargo boat on the run from Iceland to Norway. The route was via Lerwick and this is where the “flag of the day” would have been obtained, in German eyes making her a target.]


4caf8c82cadfd34197036951: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-004_0.jpg)


2 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 62.5, Long -15.3

[Wind mainly ESE force 2-7; sea rough; overcast; air temperature average 40°F, sea 45°F]

[Base courses S85°W, N85°E straight]

0.40am: Aberdeen trawler Arctic [possibly Grimsby trawler Arctic GY 165] allowed to proceed.

0.42am: ship steadied on S85°W half speed.

4.45am: altered course to E.

5.10am: stop; boat away to examine trawler Robinia [Grimsby GY 1147]; allowed to proceed.

[Base course routine the rest of the day]

Distance run 204.1 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036952: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-004_1.jpg)


3 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.4, Long -12.5

[Wind mainly W and NW force 4-5; sea moderate; broken cloud; air temperature average 41°F, sea 45°F]

[Base courses N85°E, S89°W straight]

9.15am: log fouled.

3.17pm: altered course to N37°W to intercept ketch.

4.00pm: stop.

5.00pm: boat returned; ketch allowed to proceed.

5.50pm: altered course to S27°W, full speed.

[6.00-6.50pm: various S and SE courses]

6.30pm: half speed; allowed [Norwegian] SS Havoern to proceed; correct flag of the day.

7.00pm: set course W.

10.55pm: altered course to E, full speed.

11.20pm: stop; boat away.

Distance run 221.1 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036953: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-005_0.jpg)


4 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.4, Long -12.5

[Wind mainly NE force 3-5; sea moderate; broken cloud; air temperature average 40°F, sea 44°F]

[Base courses N88°E, S89°W straight]

00.14am: boat returned; ketch [possibly Danish] Emanuel allowed to proceed; set course N88°E.

9.05am: altered course to N65°W; full speed to intercept trawler.

9.26am: trawler allowed to proceed; half speed, S89°W.

Noon: altered course to N83°W.

[Base NE courses in pm]

9.30pm: challenged HMS Orcoma.

11.20pm: stop; boarded Norwegian ship; allowed to proceed.

Distance run 217.1 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036954: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-005_1.jpg)


5 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.4, Long -12.5

[Wind W veering ENE force 4-6; sea moderate to rough; broken cloud with squalls; air temperature average 40°F, sea 44°F]

[Base courses N87°E, S86-89°W straight]

6.55am: altered course to N51°W.

7.45am: boarded Danish ketch.

8.15am: boat returned; ketch allowed to proceed; course S84°W.

[Base course routine through the day]

7.00pm: intercepted convoy of trawlers flying flags of day, allowed to proceed; helm and speed to Commander’s order.

7.30pm: resumed course N87°E.

Distance run 207.4 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036955: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-006_0.jpg)


6 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.4, Long -13.0

[Wind ENE backing NW force 1-4; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 41°F, sea 44°F]

[Base courses N83-87°E, S86°W straight]

0.05am: boat returned; half ahead, steadied on N83°E.

[Base course routine through the day]

Distance run 208 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036956: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-006_1.jpg)


7 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.5, Long -12.2

[Wind ENE and NE force 4-7; sea moderate to rough; broken cloud with snow squalls; air temperature average 39°F, sea 43°F]

[Base courses N87°E, S87°W straight]

4.00am: allowed 5° for leeway.

[Base course routine through the day]

Distance run 193.1 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036957: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-007_0.jpg)


8 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.5, Long -11.5

[Wind ENE force 3-0; broken cloud and cloudless; air temperature average 39°F, sea 43°F]

[Base courses N87°E, S88°W straight and zigzagging]

0.01am: log hauled in and examined.

[9.45am-11.00am: target practice]

11.02am: ship steadied on S88°W, half speed.

2.55pm: altered course to N30°W to intercept vessel.

4.20pm: stop; boat away to Danish ketch.

4.45pm: ketch allowed to proceed; boat returned; resumed course S51°W.

6.45pm: swinging for compass adjustment.

7.20pm: course N88°E.

8.45pm: altered course to N56°E, commenced zigzagging 1 point.

9.50pm: straight course N88°E.

10.50pm: NEly swell.

Distance run 207 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036958: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-007_1.jpg)


9 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.5, Long -11.5

[Wind mainly W, calm and “light airs”; sea smooth; broken cloud and cloudless; air temperature average 40°F, sea 44°F]

[Base courses N88-89°E, S88°W straight and zigzagging]

[Base course routine through most of the day]

3.20pm: altered course to S50°W to intercept ketch.

4.15pm: stopped; boat away.

4.40pm: boat returned; vessel allowed to proceed; altered course to N69°W.

6.53pm: stopped; boat away to Danish ketch.

7.22pm: vessel allowed to proceed; half ahead course N40°E to intercept trawler.

7.45pm: boat away to trawler.

8.32pm: set course N88°E.

Distance run 238.7 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036959: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-008_0.jpg)


10 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.6, Long -11.5

[Wind mainly E, calm and “light airs”; sea smooth; broken cloud and cloudless; air temperature average 45°F, sea 45°F]

[Base courses N88°E, S88°W straight]

[Base course routine through most of the day]

2.00pm: altered course to N76°W to intercept Danish ketch.

2.15pm: stop; boat away.

2.45pm: boat returned; ketch allowed to proceed; resumed course N82°W.

Coal remaining 1559 tons.

Distance run 231.1 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703695a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-008_1.jpg)


11 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 63.4, Long -12.4

[Wind calm and “light airs”; sea smooth; broken cloud and cloudless; air temperature average 44°F, sea 45°F]

[Base courses N88°E, S88°W straight]

1.40am: altered course to N53°E.

1.47am: stop; boarded ketch (TG551).

1.55am: resumed course N88°E.

9.00am: altered course to N73°W to intercept ketch.

9.06am: resumed course S87°W; TG551 [already] boarded.

1.12pm: altered course to S4°E to intercept barque.

2.12pm: Norwegian barque Glance* hoisted flag of the day; altered course to N75°W.

3.08pm: altered course to S15°E to intercept steamer.

4.00pm: full speed; challenged HMS Almanzora

4.16pm: altered course to S21°E.

4.28pm: altered course to S32°E.

4.40pm:stop; boat away to SS Frey.

5.10pm: boat aboard; vessel allowed to proceed; half ahead N32°W.

6.00pm: challenged HMS Changuinola.

11.30pm: altered course to S15°E.

Midnight: full speed.

Distance run 253½ miles.


*[Note: on 6th January 1917, this boat was stopped by HMS Columbella, but the boarding boat carrying the armed guard capsized alongside Glance. The Chief Officer of this vessel jumped overboard and at great personal risk saved one of the boarding boat’s crew. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 589.]


4caf8c82cadfd3419703695b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-009_0.jpg)


12 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.6, Long -12.3

[Wind SSE force 2-4 then calm; sea slight; mainly overcast; air temperature average 44°F, sea 46°F]

[Base courses SE and SW en route to Liverpool, straight]

1.00am: challenged HMS Gloucestershire.

2.10am: challenged HMS Hilary.

3.00am: challenged HMS Orcoma.

3.30am: challenged HMS Patia.

4.00am: altered course to ENE.

4.50am: stop.

5.10am: Patia boat alongside.

5.12am: boat away; full speed course S25°W.

9.50am: altered course to S64°E.

10.50am: circling, half speed.

11.05am: course S4°W, full speed.

12.10pm: altered course to S24°W.

7.15pm: altered course to S23°W.

9.00pm: altered course to S22°W; fired 2 practice rounds to test No. 5 gun.

Distance run 293.5 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703695c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-009_1.jpg)


13 May 1917

At patrol and en route to Liverpool.

Lat 56.5, Long -11.2

[Wind mainly N force 1-4 then calm; sea slight; mist and fog; air temperature average 48°F, sea 51°F]

6.07am: course S52°E, zigzagging 16° advancing.

8.15am: course S41°E, zigzagging 16° advancing.

9.30am: challenged HMS Arlanza bound NW.

Noon: straight course.

1.26pm: sounding 100 fathoms and every 5 miles.

3.40pm: sounding: 82 fathoms.

4.00pm: altered course to S57°E.

5.15pm: sounded: 63 fathoms.

[Soundings in fathoms: 6.00pm: 87 coarse sand, 6.55pm: 62 coarse sand, 8.30pm: 28 fine sand, 9.24pm: 40 fine sand]

9.28pm: sighted Oversay Light.

10.00pm: altered course to S5°E.

10.20pm: Rathlin Light bore S19°E, Oversay bore N18°E.

11.00pm: altered course S; passing through Rathlin Sound.

Distance run 340.2 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703695d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-010_0.jpg)


14 May 1917

At sea en route to Liverpool.

Lat 53.3, Long -5.2

[Wind SSW veering NW force 1-4; sea slight; mist and fog then broken cloud; air temperature average 50°F, sea 48°F]

1.16am: sighted Maidens Buoy at ½ mile; altered course to S7°W.

2.14am: Mew Island Light at 5½ miles; altered course to S27°W.

3.30am: South Rock Light Vessel at 3½ miles.

8.10am: altered course to S70°E.

[9.00am-10.00am various NE courses]

10.10am: Skerries abeam.

[10.00am-11.00am various SE courses]

Noon: at cable channel buoy; Ormes Head abeam; altered course to N86°E.

1.30pm: pilot aboard.

1.35pm: Bar Light abeam; courses and speed to pilot’s order.

1.55pm: Formby Light Vessel abeam; clocks advanced 1 hour to British Summer Time.

Ship’s draft: forward 25’2”, aft 25’7”.

4.00pm: entered Sandon Basin.

4.25pm: made fast in Sandon Basin; leave to Port Watch.

9.10pm: cast off from Sandon Basin.

9.20pm: entered Canada Dock.

10.30pm: leave to part of Starboard Watch.

11.05pm: landed Engineering Commander Black for hospital.

Distance run 250.8 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703695e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-010_1.jpg)


15 May 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly “light airs”; overcast; air temperature average 51°F]

8.00am: dressed ship; masthead flags.*

1.00pm: singled up moorings.

1.10pm: tugs Brocklebank and Beaver fast forward, tug Bison astern.

1.39pm: cast off from Canada Dock.

2.05pm: entered Sandon Basin.

3.00pm: made fast in Sandon Dock.


*[Note: the ship was dressed for a visit of HM King George V, and Admiral Tupper presented senior officers of the Squadron to the King. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 701.See also http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/yourpaintings/paintings/royal-visit-of-their-majesties-king-george-v-and-queen-mar67279.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703695f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-011_0.jpg)


16 May 1917

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly “light airs”; overcast; air temperature average 52°F]

7.45am: breasted ship off to allow coal lighter alongside.

8.00am: 1 man joined from HMS Eagle.

2.15pm: commenced coaling ship.

10.10pm: finished coaling for the day.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036960: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-011_1.jpg)


17 May 1917

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly “light airs”; overcast; air temperature average 53°F]

7.30am: commenced coaling ship.

8.00am: hands painting ship [ship maintenance and getting in stores is repeated each day]

1.00pm: 64 Harland & Woolf's workmen aboard, also 4 coal heavers.

1.45pm: hove ship off astern.

9.00pm: finished coaling for the day.

11.15pm: Chaplain joined ship.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036961: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-012_0.jpg)


18 May 1917

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly E “light airs”; overcast with rain; air temperature average 55°F]

7.30am: commenced coaling ship.

8.00am: hands painting ship [ship maintenance and getting in stores is repeated each day]

1.00pm: 64 Harland & Woolf's workmen aboard, also 4 coal heavers.

8.00pm: cook, steward and 2 firemen joined ship.

10.00pm: finished coaling for the day.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036962: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-012_1.jpg)


19 May 1917

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly E “light airs”; overcast with fine rain; air temperature average 54°F]

7.30am: commenced coaling ship.

8.00am: hands painting ship [ship maintenance and getting in stores is repeated each day]

10.00am: 1 marine and 4 seamen joined from barracks Portsmouth.

Noon: breasted ship off for coal lighter.

12.50pm: ship made fast.

2.00pm: hands to “make and mend”, and leave for part of watch.

4.00pm: finished coaling.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036963: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-013_0.jpg)


20 May 1917

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly “light airs”; cloudy; air temperature average 54°F]

7.30am: commenced coaling ship.

8.00am: hands painting ship [ship maintenance and getting in stores is repeated each day]

11.00am: finished coaling.

5.45pm: ratings for Almanzora joined ship.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036964: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-013_1.jpg)


21 May 1917

At Liverpool, Sandon Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly “light airs”;overcast; air temperature average 56°F]

8.30am: 4 ratings left for barracks.

11.20am: 2 firemen and 1 WR chef discharged ashore.

1.30pm: Lieut. Knight left ship for barracks.

5.00pm: hands employed preparing ship for sea; 3 ratings joined from HMS Eagle.

8.30pm: Admiral Tupper and staff came aboard.*

8.40pm: pilot aboard; tugs Beaver and Bison fast forward, Panther and Otter aft.

9.24pm: cast off.

9.40pm: cleared inner gate.

9.55pm: made fast in Sandon Basin.

11.55pm: let go.


*[Note: Admiral Tupper stayed with Virginian until 11th June, after which he returned to Alsatian]


4caf8c82cadfd34197036965: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-014_0.jpg)


22 May 1917

At sea en route to patrol ground.

Lat 53.3, Long -5.2

[Wind W backing S force 2-4; sea slight; mist and fog; air temperature average 49°F, sea 46°F]

0.05am: clocks put back 1 hour to GM Time.

0.15am: Formby Light vessel abeam.

0.50am: pilot left ship.

0.55am: Bar Light Vessel abeam; full speed; set course N85°W.

[2.00am-5.00am: various NW courses]

7.07am: sounded: 36 fathoms.

7.45am: sounded: 42 fathoms.

8.25am: altered course to N27°E, advancing zigzag 2 points.

12.10pm: South Rock Light abeam 2 miles.

1.15pm: course N15°W.

2.30pm: challenged and exchanged signals with HMS Avenger.

2.43pm: Maidens abeam; altered course to N20°W.

[3.00pm-5.00pm: various NW courses]

5.00pm: commenced advancing zigzag 22°.

10.00pm: straight course.

10.40pm: altered course to N44°W.

Coal remaining 3254 tons.

Distance run 140.2 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036966: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-014_1.jpg)


23 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 57.2, Long -11.0

[Wind SE force 2-3; sea slight; broken cloud with mist; air temperature average 51°F, sea 51°F]

4.00am: started to zigzag 22°.

9.30am: altered course to N24°E.

3.40pm: course N25°E straight.

4.40pm: course and speed as requisite.

5.40pm: started to zigzag 2 points.

6.00pm: altered course to WSW.

6.10pm: Orvieto’s boat away; full speed N25°E.*

9.30pm: reduced zigzag to 1 point.

10.00pm: altered course to N20°E.

Distance run 329.9 miles.


*[Note: this meeting was to allow Admiral Tupper to go on board Orvieto. See HMS Orvieto]


4caf8c82cadfd34197036967: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-015_0.jpg)


24 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.2, Long -11.2

[Wind SE backing S force 2-3; sea slight; overcast with mist and fog; air temperature average 53°F, sea 50°F]

3.00am: commenced zigzagging 1 point.

5.47am: altered course to N30°E to intercept barque.

[6.00am-9.20am: various NE and SE courses]

9.20am: commenced circling on 7° starboard heading.

9.40am: altered course to N67°W.

11.50am: altered course to N64°W, zigzagging.

5.00pm: altered course to N2°W; courses various to Admiral’s order.

5.15pm: boat away to Moldavia.

5.35pm: Moldavia’s boat alongside and hoisted inboard.*

5.38pm: set course N.

6.38pm: [Virginian’s] boat inboard; proceeded, course S25°W.

9.15pm: fog; slow speed.

11.15pm: altered course to N86°E, 3° for leeway.

Distance run 286.6 miles.


*[Note: as with the log entry from the previous day, this shows that with the Admiral on board, Virginian’s role has changed from standard patrols to taking the Admiral to meet members of the Squadron, as in this case where he met with the Captain of HMS Moldavia. See http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM_53-49768/ADM%2053-49768-016_0.jpg]


4caf8c82cadfd34197036968: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-015_1.jpg)


25 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.4, Long -11.4

[Wind SSE and S force 2-5; sea moderate; overcast with mist and fog; air temperature average 50°F, sea 50°F]

6.14am: altered course to N26°E.

8.00am: course N66°W.

3.14pm: altered course to S24°W, zigzagging 16°.

4.45pm: altered course to S68°W.

5.15pm: zigzagging 1 point.

7.00pm: straight course.

Distance run 121.8 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd34197036969: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-016_0.jpg)


26 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.5, Long -13.0

[Wind mainly S force 1-2; sea slight; mist and fog then broken cloud; air temperature average 49°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses N87°E, S86°W straight and zigzagging]

2.35am: course N87°E.

5.58am: courses various to intercept steamer.

6.30am: stopped and boat away to SS.

7.30am: vessel allowed to proceed; boat alongside.

8.00am: set course S86°W.

11.30am: courses requisite for boarding sailing vessel.

12.10pm: boarding boat away to s/v.

1.06pm: boat returned; barque sent to Stornoway with armed guard;* full ahead course S65°E.

3.30pm: altered course to S65°E, zigzagging 22°; Gloucestershire’s boat inboard.

4.50pm: courses various; lowered boat with Captain Stanley** on board.

5.10pm: proceeded on course N65°W.

Distance run 204.6 miles.


*[Note: this sailing vessel was the Danish Consul N Nielsen, which was sunk en route to Stornoway by U-boat U 69. See log below for 6th June 1917.The ship was en route from Buenos Aires to Copenhagen with a cargo of linseed when intercepted by Virginian.]


**[Note: Captain Norman Stanley RN, Captain of HMS Oropesa 1914-15, and of HMS Gloucestershire 1916-17. Retired 1923.]


4caf8c82cadfd3419703696a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-016_1.jpg)


27 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.6, Long -11.5

[Wind variable force 1-2; sea slight; overcast with rain and mist; air temperature average 48°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses N77°E, S77°W straight and zigzagging]

4.25am: altered course to S65°E.

7.30am: altered course to N65°W.

9.13am: altered course to N10°W; full speed to intercept steamer.

9.47am: courses various and stopped; boat away to Danish SS Newa.

10.30am: vessel proceeded; boat inboard; set course S66°E.

10.43am: altered course to intercept HM trawler; [Lord Landsdowne, Hull H 1004]; trawler took station on port quarter.

11.25am: altered course to S25°W.

Noon: stopped; Captain of trawler on board.

12.10pm: altered course to S25°W to intercept HM trawler.

1.00pm: stopped; Captain of Elf King [Hull, H1012] on board.

1.25pm: resumed course S73°W; trawlers Lord Landsdowne and Elf King took station off port and starboard quarters.

4.15pm: stopped; dropped boat transferring Midshipman Campbell and two ratings for AG [armed guard] duties to Lord Landsdowne and returned Captains of trawlers.

4.47pm: proceeded on S73°W.

6.25pm: stopped [courses various for rendezvous follows]

8.00pm: altered course to N87°E to intercept HMS Changuinola.

10.29pm: stopped; exchanged boats with Changuinola.

10.40pm: altered course to S26°W.

Distance run 228 miles.


*[Note: Lord Landsdowne and Elf King were armed trawlers which had recently joined the Squadron. The trawlers were increasing their involvement, and clearly they had requested armed guards from the Admiral.]


4caf8c82cadfd3419703696b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-017_0.jpg)


28 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.3, Long -12.1

[Wind SW veering W force 2-4; sea slight; mainly broken cloud; air temperature average 50°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses N76-77°E, S70-77°W straight]

[Base course routine through the day and target practice in the morning]

Distance run 217.9 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703696c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-017_1.jpg)


29 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.2, Long -12.2

[Wind variable WSW backing ENE force 2-4; sea slight; cloudy; air temperature average 50°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses N76°E, S76-77°W straight and zigzagging]

[Base course routine through the day]

0.20am: commenced to zigzag 16°.

10.00am: increased zigzag to 22°.

11.50am: No.3 ballast tank filled.

1.22pm: straight course.

5.40pm: altered course to N28°E.

6.35pm: sighted and challenged Champagne*; courses and speeds as requisite to pick up Champagne’s boat.

7.13pm: set course S77°W, zigzagging 22°, Champagne keeping station.

9.20pm: straight course.

9.40pm: stopped; boat away; full ahead on course SSW.

9.55pm: altered course to S21°E.

Distance run 259.3 miles.


*[Note: formerly HMS Oropesa which along with HMS Digby, which became Artois, were given a French crew and French control. See above the log for 26th March 1916 for details.]


4caf8c82cadfd3419703696d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-018_0.jpg)


30 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 59.1, Long -12.5

[Wind variable mainly S force 1-2; sea slight; cloudy; air temperature average 51°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses N66°E, S66°W straight and zigzagging]

6.30am: altered course to S68°E.

9.00am: altered course to SW to intercept steamer; challenged Artois.

10.34am: courses various for closing on Artois’ boat.

10.45am: boat hoisted inboard; stopped.

10.57am: proceeded on course N64°W; commenced zigzagging 22°.

3.28pm: altered course to N23°E; courses and speed necessary for launching boat.

3.40pm: shaped to N66°E.

Distance run 264.1 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703696e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-018_1.jpg)


31 May 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.2, Long -10.4

[Wind variable mainly S force 4-6; sea moderate; overcast with rain; air temperature average 50°F, sea 49°F]

8.00am: altered course to S75°W, zigzagging 22°.

10.43am: altered course to N78°W, zigzagging 22°.

5.46pm: ship sighted on starboard bow; altered course to N67°W.

6.05pm: boat away to HMS Armadale Castle.

6.35pm: boat inboard; set course SE.

7.20pm: altered course to WSW.

8.11pm: altered course to S65°W; courses various for closing HMS Columbella.

8.30pm: stopped to pick up boat; Columbella’s boat on board.

8.31pm: half ahead on course NE, zigzagging 22°.

10.46pm: straight course.

11.00pm: stopped; lowered Columbella’s boat.

11.04pm: boat away.

11.17pm: set course S, zigzagging 1½ points.

Distance run 271.3 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703696f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-019_0.jpg)

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4caf8c82cadfd34197036974: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67727/ADM 53-67727-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR JUNE 1917


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4caf8c82cadfd34197036976: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-001_1.jpg)

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4caf8c82cadfd34197036978: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c82cadfd34197036979: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c82cadfd3419703697a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-003_1.jpg)


1 June 1917

At patrol.

Lat 60.1, Long -14.1

[Wind variable mainly S force 1-2; sea slight; cloudy; air temperature average 50°F, sea 50°F]

1.00am: zigzagging 22° each side of normal.

4.13am: altered course to N65°W, zigzag 22°.

[8.00am-10.00am: various drills and exercises]

10.05am: course N27°E.

11.40am: S25°W, straight course.

Noon: zigzagging 22°.

6.50pm: S25°W, straight course.

9.00pm: courses and speeds as requisite to pick up HMS Andes’ boat.

9.13pm: stop; boat secured; proceeded.

9.36pm: boat away; proceeded on course N47°E.

10.44pm: course N67°E, 11 knots.

Distance run 257½ miles.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703697b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-004_0.jpg)


2 June 1917

At patrol.

Lat 60.2, Long -12.4

[Wind mainly SW force 1-2; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 52°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses N67°E, S25°W straight and zigzagging]

1.00am: heavy NE swell; course N67°E, zigzagging 22° each side.


[Base course routine through the day]

Distance run 260.6 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703697c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-004_1.jpg)


3 June 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.2, Long -10.1

[Wind mainly E and ESE force 1-2; sea slight; overcast and misty; air temperature average 49°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses N65-66°E, S66°W straight and zigzagging]

[-am frequent course changes following basic course routine]

1.00am: zigzagging 22° each side.

4.42pm: altered course to S30°W.

[Soundings in fathoms: 7.22pm: 110, 7.35pm: 75 gravel and black sand, 7.50pm: 66 crushed shells and black sand]

7.45pm: circling 10° port helm.

7.54pm: altered course to N64°W.

[8.00-9.30pm: frequent half-hourly course changes SE, SW, NE and NW]*

11.30pm: set course N65°W.

Distance run 264½ miles.


*[Note: there is nothing in Admiralty reports, but there was a great deal of U-boat activity at this time, including the sinking of AMCs as well as sailing vessels and steamers, and Virginian may have been hunting a U-boat with this frequent circling and course alterations.]


4caf8c82cadfd3419703697d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-005_0.jpg)


4 June 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.0, Long -11.5

[Wind mainly NE and N force 2-4; sea slight; overcast; air temperature average 46°F, sea 49°F]

[Base courses N65°W, S66°E straight and zigzagging]

4.00am: course N26°E, zigzagging 2 points.

5.30am: altered course to S66°E, zigzagging.

[Soundings in fathoms: 11.32am: 100 fine sand, 11.50am: 95 fine sand, 12.15pm: 110, 12.55pm: 110]

1.09pm: altered course to S15°W.

1.23pm: stopped; boat away to Norwegian SS San Mateo.

2.07pm: boat inboard; half ahead on S23°W, zigzagging as before.

3.23pm: altered course to N25°E.

[Soundings in fathoms: 5.00pm: 110, 5.30pm: 110, 6.00pm: 95 coarse sand, 6.30pm: 47 sand, 8.28pm: 100 coarse sand]

6.15pm: altered course to N9°E to intercept trawler.

6.40pm: stopped; boat away to trawler Robert Smith* for sick C.O.

7.30pm: Lt. Rennie on board trawler as C.O.

7.50pm: boat inboard; half ahead on course N50°W.

10.00pm: altered course to N18°W, zigzagging 2 points.

Distance run 296.8 miles.


*[Note: this RN trawler was sunk, possibly by a U-boat, in this same area with the loss of 25 lives only 1 month after this meeting with Virginian. See hyperlink for details. There is some dispute over the nature of the loss.

See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 747.]


4caf8c82cadfd3419703697e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-005_1.jpg)


5 June 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.1, Long -14.2

[Wind calm then mainly S force 2-3; sea smooth; mainly cloudy; air temperature average 46°F, sea 48°F]

[Base courses N63°W, S64°E straight and zigzagging]

[Base course routine 00.0am to 8.45am zigzagging 2½ points]

9.36am: altered course to N35°W, straight course.

10.10am: stopped to pick up Rear Admiral’s boat; boat inboard; set course N71°E, zigzagging 2 points.

[11.am-2.00pm: various NE courses]

2.13pm: altered course to S71°E.

5.00pm: altered course to N63°E, zigzagging 2 points.

5.40pm: sighted HMS Otway; straight course.

6.08pm: altered course to S50°E; boat away to Otway with Admiral.

6.20pm: Otway’s boat alongside; half ahead on N64°W, zigzagging 2 points.

6.42pm: Otway’s boat away; ahead full.

7.00pm: boat returned on board with Admiral; set course S65°W, half speed.

7.05pm: altered course to S52°W, zigzagging 2 points.

8.30pm: altered zigzag to 28° either side of normal.

9.25pm: altered course to S24°W, zigzagging 28°.

Midnight: altered zigzag to 1½ points either side.

Distance run 254.7 miles.


4caf8c82cadfd3419703697f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-006_0.jpg)


6 June 1917

At patrol en route to Loch Ewe.

Lat 60.1, Long -12.5

[Wind SSE force 3-5; sea moderate; mainly cloudy; air temperature average 49°F, sea 50°F]

0.01am: course S24°W, zigzagging 16°.

5.00am: altered course to S20°E.

5.35am: altered course to S.

5.58am: stopped; boat away to trawler.

6.30am: boat inboard; half ahead on S.

6.55am: altered course to S72°W.

9.09am: altered course to W; sighted HMS Ebro.

9.52am: courses and speed as requisite to pick up Ebro’s boat.

10.08am: set course S65°E, full speed, zigzagging 16°.

12.05pm: altered course to SE.

1.05 stopped: Ebro’s boat away with Lt. Commander Kenyon* on board; full speed, course SE.

Lost by sinking of Danish s/v [Consul N Nielsen] by submarine while being taken to Stornoway with armed guard, the following naval stores: pistols 3, rifle magazine 1, sword bayonets 256-2, scabbards [for] sword bayonets 2, naval sword 1, scabbard sword naval 1, also equipment for guards and s.a. ammunition as needed in gunners expense book page 41 form S1417. Not possible to recover articles lost.**

3.00pm: altered course to S47°E, zigzagging 22°.

10.00pm: exchanged signals with HM Trawler Walpole.

Distance run 259.4 miles


*[Note: Kenyon, Guy V. Captain of Ebro, retired as Commander 1928.]


**[Note: this log entry refers to the sinking of the Danish sailing vessel Consul N Nielsen on 29th May by U-69, when an armed guard from Virginian was on board. Although all of these people arrived safely in Stornoway, there were accusations of harsh treatment by the Germans. The subsequent report by Lt. J M Kelly indicates that U-69 sunk the sailing vessel by shellfire, but also turned small arms on the survivors in the lifeboats, wounding the First Mate. The U-boat crew also refused to give any medical assistance. A second U-boat was more supportive. The report praises Virginian armed guards Leading Seaman J Reid RNR C/2917, Stoker D Cunningham, RFR D/288914 and Private C H Roberts RMLI Po/19330 for their splendid conduct. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 706. For Lt. Kelly’s full report, see pages 740-744.]


4caf8c83cadfd34197036980: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-006_1.jpg)


7 June 1917

At Loch Ewe.

Lat 57.1, Long -5.7

[Wind SSE force 1-3; sea smooth; mainly overcast; air temperature average 59°F, sea 56°F]

0.00am: straight course S47°E.

[Soundings in fathoms: 2.04am: 60 fine sand, 3.07am: 54 fine sand and shells, 3.37am: 62 fine sand and stones]

2.04am: commenced zigzagging 2 points.

3.50am: altered course to E.

4.00am: course S47°E.

7.47am: altered course to SE.

8.10am: Rubha Reidh Light abeam; altered course to E.

8.50am: passed boom defence; guns and depth charges secured; course and speed to Commander’s orders.

9.15am: let go starboard anchor; draft: forward 23’5”, aft 27’3”; anchor bearings: farm N4°W, shed S75°W, ship’s head N50°E.

10.00am: collier Simoom [also called Simoon] made fast.

10.35am: collier Moto made fast port side.

1.00pm: commenced coaling.

2.00pm: discharged to hospital: Engineering Lt. Commander Scott and Captain of HM Trawler Robert Smith.

6.00pm: finished coaling for the night.

Distance run 289.2 miles.


*[Note: while en route to Loch Ewe, Admiral Tupper turned over command of the Squadron to Rear-Admiral Morgan Singer, his second-in-command in HMS Orvieto. On this day, 7th June, Admiral Tupper was also informed that he had been awarded the KCB. See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 718.]


4caf8c83cadfd34197036981: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-007_0.jpg)


8 June 1917

At Loch Ewe.

Lat 57.1, Long -5.7

[Wind “light airs” then SW force 1-2; broken cloud; air temperature average 59°F]

0.05am: HMS Moldavia sailed.

5.00am: left ship: Sub Lt. Kelly RNR, Sub Lt. Davidson RNVR. Fireman Earle discharged to hospital. Stoker Cunningham, Sergeant [?] Roberts and Leading Seaman Reed on sick leave.

6.00pm: finished coaling for the day.


4caf8c83cadfd34197036982: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-007_1.jpg)


9 June 1917

At Loch Ewe.

Lat 57.1, Long -5.7

[Wind SSW force 2-3; overcast; air temperature average 55°F]

4.30am: water tanker came alongside.

6.00am: commenced coaling.

11.20pm: HMS Changuinola came alongside; armed [guard?] discharged.


4caf8c83cadfd34197036983: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-008_0.jpg)


10 June 1917


At Loch Ewe.

Lat 57.1, Long -5.7

[Wind S force 1-3; mainly cloudy; air temperature average 57°F]

5.45am: water boat Mellite [?] alongside.

10.30am: church party on board from base; divine service.

1.00pm: liberty men landed.

6.30pm: Lt. Rennie joined ship from trawler Robert Smith.*

7.00pm: liberty men aboard.

8.15pm: commenced heaving anchor; gangway inboard.

8.56pm: anchor aweigh; helm to Commander’s order.

9.25pm: passed boom defence; full ahead.

10.03pm: Rubha Reidh Light abeam; course NW.

10.20pm: altered course to N22°E, zigzagging 22° advancing.

11.25pm: Tiumpan Head [Lewis] bore 4 points.

11.50pm: light abeam 8 miles.

Coal remaining 2765 tons.


*[Note: see log 4th June 1917 above.]


4caf8c83cadfd34197036984: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-008_1.jpg)


11 June 1917

At patrol.

Lat 59.3, Long -8.2

[Wind SSE veering WSW force 1-2; sea smooth; broken cloud with some mist; air temperature average 53°F, sea 52°F]

0.53am: Butt of Lewis abeam 14 miles.

1.00am: various NNW courses, zigzag as requisite.

11.37am: altered course to SW to intercept HM Trawler Rushcoe

11.45am: altered course to SSW.

11.53am: altered course to N30°W, straight course.

2.55pm: altered course to SW to intercept HM Trawler Walpole.{GY 269]

3.10pm: altered course to N30°W.

7.57pm: altered course to N29°E.

8.57pm: stopped; courses and speeds various to pick up Alsatian’s boat.

9.00pm: Vice-Admiral [Tupper] and staff left to join Alsatian.

9.30pm: full speed, course N32°W, zigzagging 2 points.

Distance run 208.3 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd34197036985: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-009_0.jpg)


12 June 1917

At patrol.*

Lat 60.6, Long -16.5

[Wind S backing SE force 2-3; sea smooth; mainly cloudy with some mist; air temperature average 52°F, sea 51°F]

[Base courses N62°W, S82-83°E straight]

0.15am: course N62°W straight.

8.50am: altered course to S83°E.

2.15pm: altered course to N5°E to intercept steamer.

2.50pm: stop; boat away and boarded Danish SS Fredrica. [most likely Fredericia]

3.28pm: half speed; set course S82°E.

8.22pm: altered course to S75°E.

Midnight: position 61°47’N, 12°22’W.

Distance run 284.2 miles.


*[Note: now that Admiral Tupper and his staff have returned to Alsatian, Virginian has now re-joined “B” Patrol west of the Faoroes and between the Faroes and Iceland.]


4caf8c83cadfd34197036986: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-009_1.jpg)


13 June 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.3, Long -13.2

[Wind ESE veering SE force 2-4; sea slight; mainly overcast with some mist; air temperature average 52°F, sea 51°F]

0.30am: course N84°W.

6.00am: altered course to S84°E.

8.45am: altered course to N72°E.

1.00pm: challenged by and exchanged signals with HMS Gloucestershire.

5.48pm: altered course to N5°E and increased to 12 knots to intercept trawlers.

6.00pm: altered course to N15°E and full speed.

6.04pm: stopped engines and boat away.

6.30pm: boat returned; slow speed course S86°W; trawlers all under escort so allowed to proceed.

Distance run 244.2 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd34197036987: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-010_0.jpg)


14 June 1917

At patrol.

Lat 61.5, Long -13.4

[Wind SSE veering SW force 4-5; sea moderate; mainly overcast with rain and mist; air temperature average 50°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses N86°E, S86°W straight]

[Base course routine through the day]

Noon: challenged and received reply from HMS Changuinola.

10.15pm: exchanged pennants with Changuinola.

Distance run 239 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd34197036988: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-010_1.jpg)


15 June 1917

At patrol.*

Lat 62.2, Long -14.1

[Wind SW backing SSE force 5-2; sea moderate; mainly cloudy; air temperature average 53°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses N86-88°E, S86-88°W straight]

[Base course routine through the day]

1.00am: 4° allowed for leeway.

Distance run 228.9 miles.


*[Note: on this day, a proposal was put to the Admiralty to break up the Squadron and allocate some of its ships, including Virginian, to convoy escort duties. The final decision to do this was taken on 27th June 1917. This is therefore Virginian’s last patrol.]


4caf8c83cadfd34197036989: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-011_0.jpg)


16 June 1917

At patrol.

Lat 59.5, Long -14.5

[Wind ENE backing WNW force 2-4; sea slight; mainly cloudy; air temperature average 49°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses SW and SE straight and zigzagging later]

0.15am: exchanged pennants with HMS Orvieto.

4.00am: altered course to S45°W.

4.43am: slow and stop; boarded [Norwegian] barque Oaklands, found to be correct.

5.17am: boat hoisted; proceeded on course S45°W.

7.05am: challenged HMS Changuinola.

2.20pm: altered course to S.

6.07pm: stop; boat away to HMS Victorian.

6.37pm: boat hoisted; proceeded to HMS Patuca.

6.47pm: boat to Patuca.

7.09pm: boat returned; set course S20°E.

7.50pm: commenced zigzagging 2 points each side.

8.48pm: zigzagging 40° each side, speed 11 knots.

11.50pm: exchanged pennants with HMS Columbella.

Distance run 251.3 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd3419703698a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-011_1.jpg)


17 June 1917

At patrol.

Lat 58.3, Long -14.3

[Wind W and WSW force 2-5; sea moderate; mainly cloudy with good visibility; air temperature average 52°F, sea 51°F]

3.00am: sighted stranger.

3.20am: altered course to S50°W; stopped and boarded sailing vessel Rose of Bideford

4.20am: proceeded SW, zigzagging 2 points.

6.40am: altered course to N65°W, zigzagging 40°.

10.00am: altered zigzag to 28°.

12.23pm: course and speed as required for boarding steamer.

12.25pm: boat returned.

1.30pm: proceeded on course N67°W.

6.38pm: altered course to N28°E, no leeway.

8.20pm: zigzagging 22°

Distance run 251.8 miles.


*[Note: there is no indication of this in the log, but according to Admiral Tupper’s report to the Admiralty Virginian intercepted 2 steamers in Lat. 58°31’N, Long. 15°20’W. These vessels, British steamers Mendip Range and Queen Adelaide, were keeping each other company on their way to Stornoway. Admiral Tupper detailed 3 armed trawlers to escort the vessels to the Butt Of Lewis Patrol. However,on 18th June in Lat. 58°44’N, Long. 8°35’W, Queen Adelaide was torpedoed by U-70. Trawler Tenby Castle rescued all but 3 of the crew. Mendip Range reached safety. This was the first time that any vessel had been torpedoed when under escort from the Squadron.

See John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, page 717.]


4caf8c83cadfd3419703698b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-012_0.jpg)


18 June 1917

At patrol.

Lat 59.3, Long -14.6

[Wind NW and WNW force 3-5; sea slight; mainly cloudy; air temperature average 52°F, sea 53°F]

[Base courses S68°W and N28°E straight and zigzagging]

1.13am: altered course to S64°E [also entered as S64°W] zigzagging 2 points.

6.20am: sea anchor lost overboard by accident.

11.00am: altered course to N28°E.

11.47am: altered course to S68°E.

1.45pm: altered course to S45°W straight to intercept steamer.

2.20pm: altered course to N28°E, zigzagging 2 points.

3.20pm: altered course to N.

3.40pm: stop; boat away.

4.10pm: proceeded on S25°W, zigzagging 2 points.

6.55pm: altered course to S70°W, zigzagging 1 point to intercept.

7.15pm: full speed.

8.15pm: straight course.

9.08pm: altered course to S42°E after intercepting [Danish] SS Kentucky; steamer correct.

10.00pm: altered course to N64°W, zigzagging 2 points.

Midnight: straight course.

Distance run 246.5 miles.

4caf8c83cadfd3419703698c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-012_1.jpg)


19 June 1917

At patrol.

Lat 58.4, Long -17.2

[Wind variable force 3-0; sea slight to smooth; mainly cloudy and misty; air temperature average 52°F, sea 52°F]

[Base courses S64°E and N28°E straight and zigzagging]

7.30am: altered course to N28°E from N64°W straight course.

9.00am: RNR and RNVR classes to ammunition; Nos. 3 and 4 guns’ crews to loader.

3.14pm: altered course to S62°E.

4.12pm: courses various while adjusting compasses.

9.00pm: commenced to zigzag 2 points on S64°E.

11.10pm: challenged HMS Victorian.

Distance run 250.4 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd3419703698d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-013_0.jpg)


20 June 1917

At patrol.

Lat 58.5, Long -13.6

[Wind calm then ESE force 3; sea smooth; mainly cloudy; air temperature average 50°F, sea 52°F]

[Base courses S64°E, S25°W and N28°E straight and zigzagging]

4.25am: altered course to S25°W, zigzagging 22° either side.

9.00am: altered course to N25°E, zigzagging 2 points.

1.08pm: course S25°W, zigzagging 2 points every 10 minutes.

6.00pm: altered course to N10°W.

6.20pm: sighted Alsatian; altered course to N30°W.

7.00pm: straight course; stop.

7.10pm: boat away [followed by circular courses]

9.15pm: stop; boarding boat returned; set course S25°W*

Distance run 255½ miles.


*[Note: at this meeting, Vice-Admiral Tupper gave Captain Wilding his instructions to proceed to Liverpool]


4caf8c83cadfd3419703698e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-013_1.jpg)


21 June 1917

At sea en route to Liverpool.

Lat 57.6, Long -13.5

[Wind NNE and NE force 3-4; sea slight; mainly cloudy; air temperature average 51°F, sea 53°F]

[Base courses SW and SE straight and zigzagging]

6.55am: full speed.

7.40am: altered course to S38°E, zigzagging 2 points.

12.40pm: passed ship's lifeboat bottom up.

1.10pm: commenced advancing zigzag 22°.

2.25pm: passed ship’s lifeboat, black, waterlogged, mast up.

6.47pm: altered course to S55°E.

9.30pm: sounded: 75 fathoms coarse sand and shells.

10.40pm: sighted: Barra Island bearing N65°E.

11.28pm: straight course.

11.55pm: altered course to S17°E; Barra Head bearing N65°E.

Distance run 297.1 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd34197036991: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-015_0.jpg)


22 June 1917

At sea and at Liverpool.

Lat 54.5, Long -5.4

[Wind N backing W force 1-2; sea smooth; mainly cloudy; air temperature average 52°F, sea 53°F]

0.56am: Skerryvore Light abeam.

2.20am: Inishtrahull dipped SxE; altered course to S30°E.

2.55am: altered course to S35°E, zigzagging 1 point to either side.

4.00am: altered course to S30°E; courses various passing through [Rathlin] Sound.

6.33am: altered course to S22°E.

7.47am: Maidens buoy abeam ¾ mile; altered course to S16°E.

8.15am: Mew Island abeam.

8.54am: altered course to S9°W.

9.30am: Skulmartin Light Vessel abeam 2½ miles.

10.00am: South Rock abeam 2½ miles; zigzagging 1 point every 5 minutes.

11.25am: Chickens abeam.

1.20pm: altered course to S59°E.

2.17pm: altered course to S65°E.

2.50pm: straight course.

3.04pm: altered course to S70°E Skerries abeam 2 miles.

3.35pm: Middlemouse abeam.

4.00pm: Point Lynas abeam 2½ miles.

5.11pm: passed Channel Buoy; altered course to N87°E.

6.00pm: courses various making Bar Light Vessel.

6.54pm: Bar Light Vessel abeam; pilot boarded.

7.40pm: Formby Light Vessel abeam.

8.15pm: let go starboard anchor; clocks put forward 1 hour; draft: forward 24’4”, aft 25’11”.

8.25pm: tug Otter took off long leave men.

Midnight: tug Otter returned.

Distance run 353.2 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd34197036992: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-015_1.jpg)


23 June 1917

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; broken cloud; air temperature average 56°F]

0.35am: commenced to heave in.

0.48am: anchor up.

1.22am: entered dock.

1.42am: made fast E wall of Sandon Basin.

2.40am: cast off.

2.45am: passing second lock.

3.30am: made fast.

5.00am: coal lighters came alongside.

9.00am: Mr Attenborough Sub Lt. RNVR joined ship.

11.20am: Mr Tucker Sub Lt. RNVR joined ship.


4caf8c83cadfd34197036993: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-016_0.jpg)


24 June 1917

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; broken cloud; air temperature average 60°F]

9.45am: breasted ship off to allow ash lighter.

10.15-10.45am: church parties.


4caf8c83cadfd34197036994: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-016_1.jpg)


25 June 1917

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind W force 1-2; broken cloud; air temperature average 60°F]

7.00am: coal lighter alongside.

10.45am: prisoner arrived under escort.

11.30am: ''G''Type depth charge pistol tested by Mr Wilde correct.*


*[Note: this weapon included a 300 pound charge of TNT fired by a hydrostatically-operated pistol. See http://archive.hnsa.org/doc/depthcharge6/index.htm]


4caf8c83cadfd34197036995: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-017_0.jpg)


26 June 1917

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind “light airs”; broken cloud; air temperature average 58°F]

6.45am: Mr Courtney, War.WT joined ship.

5.00pm: 1 O.S. joined ship.


4caf8c83cadfd34197036996: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-017_1.jpg)


27 June 1917

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind “light airs”; cloudless; air temperature average 58°F]

7.15pm: 11 ratings joined ship from Eagle.

9.00pm: 3 ratings joined ship from Victory.


[Note: on this day the final decision was taken to start transferring ships from the Squadron to convoy duties, and Virginian was to be one of the first to take on this role. The Admiralty had resisted the introduction of the convoy system, claiming it would slow down the speed of ships and be chaotic at sea, clog up the ports and be more vulnerable to attack, but pressure from Lloyd George and the successes of the U-boats forced the change. See the debate in L Sondhaus, The Great War at Sea, Cambridge University Press, 2014, especially chapter 8. See also the proposals for the future of the Squadron in John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 723-738.]


4caf8c83cadfd34197036997: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-018_0.jpg)


28 June 1917

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind “light airs”; cloudy; air temperature average 61°F]

7.15am: wine store reported broken into.

8.30am: MAD reported lower spirit room broken into.

Noon: hoisted propellor aboard.


4caf8c83cadfd34197036998: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-018_1.jpg)


29 June 1917

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NE force 1-2; cloudy; air temperature average 65°F]

6.45am: 2 privates RMLI joined ship.

9.00am: 1 rating joined ship; 5 ratings and 2 privates joined ship; Sub Lt. Ockshawe joined ship.

2.00pm: 3 ratings left ship.


4caf8c83cadfd34197036999: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-019_0.jpg)


30 June 1917

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NNE force 1-2; broken cloud; air temperature average 61°F]

10.30am: received 1 boarding boat from Graysons.

1.15pm: 1 boy left ship for Pembroke.

10.00pm: pilot came aboard.

11.00pm: liberty men returned.


4caf8c83cadfd3419703699a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c83cadfd3419703699b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c83cadfd3419703699c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c83cadfd3419703699d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c83cadfd3419703699e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-021_1.jpg)

4caf8c83cadfd3419703699f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-022_0.jpg)

4caf8c83cadfd341970369a0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67728/ADM 53-67728-022_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR JULY 1917


4caf8c83cadfd341970369a1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c83cadfd341970369a2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-001_1.jpg)

Person: Boarded: Alex Rlluil


4caf8c83cadfd341970369a3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c83cadfd341970369a4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c83cadfd341970369a5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c83cadfd341970369a6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-003_1.jpg)


1 July 1917

At Liverpool en route to Halifax Nova Scotia.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; sea smooth; cloud and mist; air temperature average 62°F, sea 62°F]

6.00am: commenced to single up.

6.43am: passed inner lock gate.

7.00am: all fast E side Sandon Basin.

8.00am: let go.

8.30am: passed outer gate.

8.50am: North Wall Light abeam.

8.58am: brought to with starboard anchor 4 shackles in 10 fathoms.

9.50am: tug Otter went to landing stage with M.O.

11.40am: Otter returned with escort and M.O. party.

12.22pm: tug Otter to Ionian and to landing stage with M.O.

2.50pm: postman returned on board.

3.30pm: commenced to swing to flood.

7.15pm: commenced to heave in.

7.45 anchor secured.

7.50pm: clock put back to 6.50 (GMT).

7.45pm: passed Formby Light Vessel.

8.05pm: dropped pilot.

8.13pm: Bar Light Vessel abeam; course S85°W.

9.50pm: Channel Buoy abeam; altered course to N60°W.

10.00pm: [destroyers] HMS Goshawk and HMS Alarm to station 2 cables on either bow.

10.45pm Lylus Pt [sic: Lynas Point] abeam. 2 miles.

11.30pm: Skerries abeam; altered course N75°W; passed Andes.

11.45pm: South Stack abeam.

Coal remaining 3419 tons.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369a7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-004_0.jpg)


2 July 1917

At sea en route to Halifax.

Lat 51.5, Long -5.4

[Wind E and SE force 1-2; sea smooth; cloud and mist; air temperature average 58°F, sea 56°F]

0.30am: altered course to S34°W.

0.50am: South Stack abeam.

3.10am: advancing zigzag 3 legs.

9.02am: Smalls Lighthouse abeam 8½ miles; altered course to S70°W.

Noon: altered course to S82°W.

10.00pm: commenced zigzagging 1 point.

Distance run 227½ miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369a8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-004_1.jpg)


3 July 1917

At sea en route to Halifax.

Lat 49.2, Long -12.5

[Wind SE and SW force 1-2; sea smooth; broken cloud and mist; air temperature average 65°F, sea 60°F]

[Base courses S82°W, N71°W straight and zigzagging]

4.00am: zigzagging 2 points.

10.45am: challenged HMS Achates in company with 3 destroyers.

Noon: parted company with Goshawk and Alarm.

2.20pm: altered course to N71°W.

5.30pm: clocks retarded 35 minutes.

6.30pm: clocks retarded 35 minutes.

7.50pm: darken ship.

10.55pm: ceased zigzagging.

Distance run 337½ miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369a9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-005_0.jpg)


4 July 1917

At sea en route to Halifax.

Lat 48.1, Long -21.6

[Wind mainly WSW force 2-4; sea slight; broken cloud and mist; air temperature average 60°F, sea 60°F]

[Base courses N69-71°W straight]

0.01am: men on 3 watches.

6.00am: clocks retarded 10 mins.

9.10am: clocks retarded 14 mins; tested magazine flooding valves-correct.

Noon: altered course to N 69°W.

Distance run 331½ miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369aa: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-005_1.jpg)


5 July 1917

At sea en route to Halifax.

Lat 47.5, Long -28.4

[Wind mainly W veering NNW force 3-4; sea slight; cloudy with rain; air temperature average 59°F, sea 60°F]

[Base courses N66-71°W straight]

6.00am: clocks retarded 10 mins.

9.33am: clocks retarded 20 mins.

10.00am: D.A.M.S. class to 6” Q.F. drill and stripping; R.M. to bayonet fighting.

Noon: altered course to N66°W.

8.00pm: altered course to N68°W.

Distance run 306.2 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369ab: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-006_0.jpg)


6 July 1917

At sea en route to Halifax.

Lat 47.2, Long -36.2

[Wind mainly WNW veering NW force 1-2; sea smooth; cloudy with fog; air temperature average 57°F, sea 59°F]

[Base courses N68-70°W straight]

6.00am: clocks retarded 15 mins.

9.00am: clocks retarded 16 mins.

[10.00am-noon: a range of exercises for the crew]

Distance run 320½ miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369ac: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-006_1.jpg)



7 July 1917

At sea en route to Halifax.

Lat 46.3, Long -44.3

[Wind variable force 1-2; sea smooth; cloudy with fog; air temperature average 54°F, sea 50°F]

[Base courses N61°W and N70°W straight]

6.00am: clocks retarded 15 mins.

2.10pm: set in foggy; stand by.

2.20pm: half speed.

2.23pm: slow.

2.50pm: half speed.

3.03pm: fog cleared; full speed.

5.10pm: fog set in thick.

5.22pm: half speed.

5.30pm slow.

[Soundings in fathoms: 5.35pm: 130 fine yellow sand and broken shells and rock, 6.05pm: 80 pebbles, 7.55pm: 54, fine sand, shells and pebbles, 10.45pm: 35 stones]

6.00pm: half speed.

6.22pm: full speed.

9.50pm: half speed.

9.55pm: slow.

11.15pm: full speed.

Distance run 342.8 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369ad: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-007_0.jpg)


8 July 1917

At sea en route to Halifax.

Lat 45.4, Long -52.0

[Wind N and NNW force 2; sea smooth; cloudy with fog; air temperature average 52°F, sea 52°F]

[Base courses N67°W and N70°W straight]

4.00am: dim navigation lights burning.

6:00am: clocks retarded 10 minutes; reduced speed to 12 knots.

9:15am: clocks retarded 20 minutes.

10.00am: sounded to 50 fathoms fine sand and shells.

11.00am: sounded to 48 fathoms fine sand and shells.

Noon: sounded to 39 fathoms stones.

4.35pm: sounded to 67 fathoms stones.

7.30pm: sounded no bottom.

Distance run 301.3 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369ae: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-007_1.jpg)


9 July 1917

At sea en route to Halifax.

Lat 44.6, Long -58.2

[Wind variable force 1-2; sea smooth; cloudy with fog; air temperature average 52°F, sea 53°F]

[Base courses N67-73°W straight]

6.00am: clocks retarded 15 mins.

9.13am: stop; out target.

9.36am: dead slow with target in tow.

11:00am: clocks retarded 7 mins.

Noon: sounded: 140 fathoms fine sand.

4.00pm: sounded: 105 fathoms sand.

6.10pm: sounded: 120 fathoms rock.

6.43pm: sounded: 24 fathoms fine sand; altered course to N78°W.

8.40pm: navigation lights switched on.

10.44pm: sounded 64 fathoms.

Midnight: sounded: 85 fathoms rock.

Coal remaining 2641 tons.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369af: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-008_0.jpg)


10 July 1917

At Halifax.

Lat 44.6, Long -63.6

[Wind SE force 2-3; sea smooth; cloudy with rain; air temperature average 56°F]

2.00am: lost overboard by accident: 350 fathom sounding wire, with sheath tube and sinker.

2.10am: sounded: 105 fathoms rock.

2.30am: altered course to WNW.

6.30am: courses various and speed as required for making Halifax Harbour; draft: forward 26’3”, aft 26’5”.

7.20am: let go anchor in 11 fathoms.

7.30am: rang off engines.

Anchor bearings: Centre Pier: S89°W, Exhibition Hall: N5°W, ship’s head: ESE.

4.38pm: commenced to weigh anchor.

4.43pm: anchor aweigh; ship breasted in towards No. 2 Intercolonial Wharf; tugs in attendance fore and aft.

5.25pm: all fast.

8.00pm: 1 leading hand and 16 workmen on board.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369b0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-008_1.jpg)


11 July 1917

At Halifax.

Lat 44.6, Long -63.6

[Wind NE force 2; overcast; air temperature average 60°F]

7.00am: 36 men and 4 leading hands came aboard to work cargo.

10.00am: commenced coaling ship.

12.05pm: HMS Almanzora anchored in harbour.

6.00pm: cargo workers ceased work for tea.

7.00pm: resumed coaling and working.

7.30pm: HMS Cumberland left harbour.

11.30pm: finished coaling and working cargo for the night.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369b1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-009_0.jpg)


12 July 1917

At Halifax.

Lat 44.6, Long -63.6

[Wind calm; cloudy; air temperature average 60°F]

6.00am: hands employed cleaning and painting ship.

11.00am: HMS Isis entered harbour.

12.30pm: finished loading cargo; 25 ratings joined from HMS Isis.

1.11pm: cast off moorings and proceeded to anchor berth; let go anchor in 11¾ fathoms.

5.15pm: 2 officers and 48 ratings joined ship.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369b2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-009_1.jpg)


13 July 1917

At Halifax.

Lat 44.6, Long -63.6

[Wind “light airs” mainly S; sea smooth; cloudy with fog; air temperature average 56°F, sea 55°F]

6.14am: commenced to weigh anchor; anchor secure.

6:50am: passed boom defence; course SSE.

8.30am: altered course to S84°E.

10.15am: sounded to 76 fathoms.

Noon: sounded to 76 fathoms rock.

1.29pm: altered course to N85°E.

1.39pm: altered course to S84°E.

4.00pm: sounded to 58 fathoms hard bottom.

5.04pm: altered course to N74°E.

6.00pm: sounded to 95 fathoms hard bottom.

7.10pm: sounded to 42 fathoms sand and gravel.

11.00pm: sounded to 100 fathoms hard bottom.

Distance run 20 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369b3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-010_0.jpg)


14 July 1917

At Sydney, Cape Breton Island.

Lat 46.13, Long -60.19

[Wind mainly SW force 1-2; sea smooth; early fog, cloudless later; air temperature average 53°F]

[Soundings in fathoms: 1.30am and 1.50am: 60 hard bottom, 3.30am: 62 hard bottom, 4.00am: 65, 4.30am: 60 hard bottom, 7.05am: 42 fine sand]

3.40am: course N53°W.

4.30am: fog; stopped and hauled in log.

5.50am: fog lifted; proceeded full speed.

9.00am: altered course to NW½W.

11.02am: dropped anchor in 6¾ fathoms; draft: forward 28’11”, aft 28’11”.

3.20pm: hands to bathe; temperature 61°F.

-pm: boats run to and from shore as requisite.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369b4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-010_1.jpg)


15 July 1917

At Sydney, Cape Breton Island.

Lat 46.13, Long -60.19

[Wind mainly NW force 1-2; sea smooth; broken cloud; air temperature average 66°F]

At anchor in 6¾ fathoms.

1.00pm: leave to Port Watch.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369b5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-011_0.jpg)


16 July 1917

At Sydney, Cape Breton Island.

Lat 46.13, Long -60.19

[Wind mainly NE force 1; fog then broken cloud; air temperature average 70°F]

6.00am: hands employed cleaning and painting ship.

9.00am: hands exercised at “abandon ship”; all boats lowered and pulled round the harbour.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369b6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-011_1.jpg)


17 July 1917

At Sydney, Cape Breton Island.

Lat 46.13, Long -60.19

[Wind mainly N “light airs”; broken cloud; air temperature average 68°F]

8.00am: boys in charge of PO 1 on route march.

12.10pm: boys returned.

1:00pm: 13 signalmen left ship to join convoy.

6.00pm: HMS Canada entered harbour.

9.00pm: Seaman Hands committed to cells.

4caf8c83cadfd341970369b7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-012_0.jpg)


18 July 1917

At Sydney, Cape Breton Island.

Lat 46.13, Long -60.19

[Wind calm; cloudy; air temperature average 66°F]

9.00am: D.A. M.S. class to 6” gun drill stripping and loading.

1:15pm: hands fall in and enployed as requisite.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369b8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-012_1.jpg)


19 July 1917

At Sydney, Cape Breton Island.

Lat 46.13, Long -60.19

[Wind “light airs” S force 1-2; broken cloud; air temperature average 70°F]

7.00am: HMS Canada left harbour.

[Crew employed maintaining the ship and on training exercises]

4.30pm: HMS Canada entered harbour.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369b9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-013_0.jpg)


20 July 1917

At sea, Sydney to Liverpool.

Lat 46.13, Long -60.19

[Wind mainly SW force 1-4; sea moderate; broken cloud and fog; air temperature average 60°F, sea 60°F]

6.00am: hove short.

7.17am: weighed anchor; helm and speed as requisite for leaving harbour.

8.52am: set course S65°E.

9.13am: altered course to S75°E.

9.30am: convoy arranged in order, speed 9 knots.

9.43am: altered course to S74°E; courses various to Commander’s order.

11.06am: half speed; speed of convoy reduced to 8 knots.

Noon: altered course to S38°E.

12.45pm: fog set in.

[1.00-2.15pm: various SE courses]

2.25pm: half speed, course S38°E.

6.00pm: streamed fog buoy; sounding: 150 fathoms.

11.16pm: buoy fouled log.

Distance run 47.1 miles.

4caf8c83cadfd341970369ba: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-013_1.jpg)


21 July 1917

At sea, Sydney to Liverpool.

Lat 45.2, Long -55.6

[Wind SW veering W force 4; sea moderate; thick fog; air temperature average 58°F, sea 57°F]

0.05am: log cleared and streamed.

5.52am: altered course to S64°E.

6.00am: clocks advanced 12 minutes.

[Soundings in fathoms: 6.36am: 50 rock, 7.30am: 44 fine black sand, Noon: 120]

[8.00am-Noon: various SE courses]

9.05am: clocks advanced 7 minutes.

[0.11pm to 4.00pm: various short SE courses changes]

5.00pm: sounded to 54 fathoms.

Speeds various to keep station with convoy.

Distance run 185½ miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369bb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-014_0.jpg)


22 July 1917

At sea, Sydney to Liverpool.

Lat 45.0, Long -51.0

[Wind W force 2-3; sea slight; thick fog; air temperature average 60°F, sea 60°F]

[Soundings in fathoms: 6.00am: 61, 7.00am: 38 sand and shells, 8.00am: 37 coarse sand, 11.19am: 38 sand and broken shells]

6.00am: clocks advanced 10 minutes.

8.03am: course S87°E.

9.10am: clocks advanced 10 minutes.

-pm: courses various while cruising round convoy.

Distance run 213 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369bc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-014_1.jpg)


23 July 1917

At sea, Sydney to Liverpool.

Lat 46.3, Long -46.4

[Wind SW force 1-3; sea slight; thick fog; air temperature average 55°F, sea 55°F]

0.01am: course S84°E.

1.42am: sounded to 94 fathoms sand and shells.

6.00am: clocks advanced 10 minutes.

9.00am: clocks advanced 10 minutes.

11.00am: severely reprimanded Mr R. Barthorp Mid. RNVR for giving service information to a civilian while ashore at Sydney Cape Breton Island [signed by] R. Barthorp.

4.15pm: sounded to 106 fathoms.

5.15pm: sounded to 76 fathoms.

7.05pm: sounded to 100 fathoms.

9.55pm: altered course to S81°E.

Distance run 229.6 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369bd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-015_0.jpg)


24 July 1917

At sea, Sydney to Liverpool.

Lat 47.4, Long -41.4

[Wind SW force 3; sea slight; fog and mist; air temperature average 58°F, sea 57°F]

[Base courses S77-81°E]

6.00am: clocks advanced 8 minutes.

9.00am: clocks advanced 12 minutes.

Noon: altered course to N89°E.

1.30pm: courses various while keeping station with convoy.

6.20pm: ship steadied on S77°E.

Distance run 204.6 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369be: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-015_1.jpg)


25 July 1917

At sea, Sydney to Liverpool.

Lat 48.3, Long -37.1

[Wind mainly N force 3-5; sea moderate; cloud and mist; air temperature average 59°F, sea 55°F]

[Base courses S77-79°E]

6.00am: clocks advanced 10 minutes.

9.00am: clocks advanced 8 minutes.

1.20pm: full speed, courses various.

4.50pm: steadied on S79°E.

11.40pm: courses various while investigating stranger.

Distance run 212.1 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369bf: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-016_0.jpg)


26 July 1917


At sea, Sydney to Liverpool.

Lat 49.1, Long -32.2

[Wind mainly N and NW force 3; sea moderate; broken cloud; air temperature average 59°F, sea 59°F]

[Base courses S75-79°E]

0.55am: courses various; returned to station on convoy, speed 9 knots, S79°E.

6.00am: clocks advanced 8 minutes.

9.00am: clocks advanced 13 minutes.

Noon: altered course to N30°E [then pm many small course changes and courses various around the convoy]

10.00pm: settled on course S75°E, speed 8½ knots.

Distance run 234.8 miles.

4caf8c83cadfd341970369c0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-016_1.jpg)


27 July 1917

At sea, Sydney to Liverpool.

Lat 49.4, Long -27.5

[Wind mainly W force 1-2; sea smooth; broken cloud; air temperature average 63°F, sea 60°F]

[Base courses S75-79°E straight]

6.00am: clocks advanced 10 minutes.

9.00am: clocks advanced 9 minutes.

2.00pm: altered course to S72°E.

Distance run 230.8 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369c1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-017_0.jpg)


28 July 1917

At sea, Sydney to Liverpool.

Lat 49.6, Long -22.3

[Wind mainly W force 1-2; sea smooth; broken cloud; air temperature average 65°F, sea 62°F]

[Base course S72°E straight and zigzagging]

6.00am: clocks advanced 10 minutes.

9.00am: clocks advanced 8 minutes.

Noon: altered course to S69°E.

2.00pm: surveyed stewards’ stores and condemned 7 small knives, 2 large knives and 1 fish fork.

5.26pm: commenced to zigzag.

6.30pm: straight course S68°E.

7.40pm: position lights switched on.

Distance run 187 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369c2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-017_1.jpg)


29 July 1917

At sea, Sydney to Liverpool.

Lat 50.0, Long -17.3

[Wind mainly W force 2-3; sea slight; overcast with rain; air temperature average 60°F, sea 60°F]

[Base course S68°E straight and zigzagging]

6.25am: clocks advanced 10 minutes.

8.35am: sighted and challenged destroyers (American).

9.00am: clocks advanced 12 minutes.

11.52am: convoy commenced to zigzag 4 points.

1.20pm: gun crews remained closed up at guns; watertight doors closed.

2.22pm: zigzagging 4½ points on normal.

3.40pm: zigzagging 5 points.

4.18pm: courses various to regain position [followed by a number of small course changes to 7.15pm]

9.00pm: course S67°E (mean), zigzagging 36°.

Distance run 201.8 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369c3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-018_0.jpg)


30 July 1917


At sea, Sydney to Liverpool.

Lat 49.6, Long -12.5

[Wind variable mainly E force 2-4; sea slight; overcast with drizzle; air temperature average 61°F, sea 63°F]

[Base courses S67-71°E straight and zigzagging]

2.12am: zigzagging 45°.

6.15am: clocks advanced 40 minutes; 2 trawlers joined convoy.

9.10am: clocks advanced 32 minutes to GMT; zigzagging 53°.

10.30am: zigzagging 59°.

12.20pm: zigzagging 48° [-pm various zigzags from 48-58°]

6.30pm: sounded to 95 fathoms.

9.40pm: switched on stern light.

Number on sick list: 1

Distance run 245.6 miles.


4caf8c83cadfd341970369c4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-018_1.jpg)


31 July 1917

At sea, Sydney to Liverpool.

Lat 49.5, Long -8.1

[Wind NE backing ENE force 4-6; sea moderate to rough; broken cloud; air temperature average 60°F, sea 60°F]

[Base courses S71°E then various, straight and zigzagging]

4.00am: exchanged pennants with HMS Hardy.

5.00am: altered course to N59°E; 4th [Destroyer] Flotilla took over convoy for Channel.*

6.12am: course N59°E, speed of convoy 8 knots; Virginian zigzagging 45°.

9.30am: altered course to N57°E, full speed.

11.15am: speed of convoy 7 knots; zigzagging 50°.

1.00pm: altered course to N64°E, zigzagging 44°.

7.05pm: rang general alarm; altered course to various; full speed.

7.10pm: opened fire at object.

7.15pm: cease fire.

8.30pm: altered course to N64°E, zigzagging 44°.

11.35pm: altered course to N54°E, full speed; convoy proceeded to their various ports.

Distance run 275½ miles.


*[Note; this destroyer flotilla, based in Devonport, specialised in convoy escort. See WW1Book-RN5c.htm ]


4caf8c83cadfd341970369c5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c83cadfd341970369c6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c83cadfd341970369c7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369c8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369c9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369ca: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67729/ADM 53-67729-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR AUGUST 1917


4caf8c84cadfd341970369cb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369cc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369cd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369ce: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369cf: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-003_0.jpg)


4caf8c84cadfd341970369d0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-003_1.jpg)


1 August 1917

At sea, Sydney to Liverpool.

Lat 53.1, Long -3.6

[Wind NE and N force 4-6; sea moderate; cloudy; air temperature average 55°F, sea 58°F]

0.52am: Smalls Light abeam 2½ miles.

1.47am: Bishop Light abeam.

2.35am: Strumble Head Light abeam 15 miles.

4.00am: commenced zigzagging.

5.50am: Bardsey Island abeam.

7.20am: Caernarvon Light Vessel abeam.

7.55am: altered course to NE.

8.00am: South Stack Light abeam.

8.20am: altered course to N54°E.

8.45am: Skerries abeam 1½ miles.

10.40am: challenged HMSs Lapwing and Acheron escorting French cruiser Conde.

10.50am: altered course to N85°E; Channel Buoy abeam.

11.46am: Bar Light Vessel; altered course to N86°E.

12.20pm: courses various for closing tug.

12.30pm: guns unloaded; pilot aboard.

1.20pm: passed Formby Light Vessel.

2.15pm: let go starboard anchor, 4 shackles in 12 fathoms.

2.25pm: clocks advanced 1 hour to BST; draft: forward 25’1”, aft 27’9”.

3.30pm: ships’ tender Otter left with mails.

3.50pm: returned.

4.05pm: Otter departed for landing stage.

6.30pm: Otter returned and away with liberty men.

9.05pm commenced to heave up.

9.21pm: anchor up; helm and speed to pilot’s order; navigation lights on.

11.00pm: entered Canada Dock.

11.20pm: made fast in locks.

Distance run 302.7 miles.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369d1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-004_0.jpg)


2 August 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock No. 2.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind “light airs” mainly NE; cloudy; air temperature average 61°F]

0.01am: rang off engines.

0.20am: all fast in Canada No. 2.

6.30am: 2 men left ship for RNB Devonport.

8.20am: Oversea Division left ship for depot.

10.00am: Steward Page and Asst. Cook McGinty and S. Aubery ERA from HMS Lancaster for hospital.

12.30pm: hinder case left for hospital.

12.40pm: workmen aboard: 30 scalers, 12 electricians.

2.30pm: shore gang aboard to work cargo.

5.00pm: liberty men ashore; finished working cargo for the night.

7.15pm: scalers working all night; AB Baker from SS Whitehall discharged to RN barracks Devonport.*

Midnight: scalers finished work.


*[Note: it is likely that this man was a survivor from SS Whitehall, which was sunk on 28th or 29th July 1917 by U-95 close to the track of Virginian’s convoy. See hyperlink for details.]


4caf8c84cadfd341970369d2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-004_1.jpg)


3 August 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock No. 2.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind “light airs” mainly NW and SE; cloudy; air temperature average 61°F]

7.00am: hauled off ship to allow coal flats in.

Noon: hands employed shifting ship from south side to north side of Canada Dock.

1.25pm: ship secured to north side of Canada Dock.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369d3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-005_0.jpg)


4 August 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock No. 2.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind “light airs” mainly NW; broken cloud; air temperature average 63°F]

[Workmen on board, coaling and painting ship carried on through the day]

3.30pm: duty hands breasted off ship to remove coal flats.

5.00pm: 12 electricians working through the night.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369d4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-005_1.jpg)


5 August 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock No. 2.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; cloudy; air temperature average 63°F]

10.00am: divine service.

11.00am: 155 workmen aboard.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369d5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-006_0.jpg)


6 August 1917

At Liverpool, in Canada Dock No. 2.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind “light airs”; broken cloud; air temperature average 65°F]

8.05am: cargo workers and electricians aboard.

Noon: Harland and Wolff workers caulking, hands painting.

3.00pm: cargo workers finished for the day.

4.00pm: W. Sheldrick, AH Hester, AB's, discharged to RNB Portsmouth; Chaplain left ship.

5.00pm: finished coaling.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369d6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-006_1.jpg)


7 August 1917

At Liverpool, in Canada Dock No. 2.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind “light airs”; broken cloud; air temperature average 61°F]

7.30am: commenced coaling and discharging cargo.

6.50pm: finished cargo for the day.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369d7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-007_0.jpg)


8 August 1917

At Liverpool, in Canada Dock No. 2.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind “light airs”; overcast with rain; air temperature average 67°F]

2.15am: fire discovered near butchers’ shop on forward mess deck due to workmen leaving lighted candle.

7.00am: discharging cargo.

9.00am: 4 midshipmen joined from Portsmouth.

1.00pm: 1 cook’s mate joined ship.

7.00pm: 4 seaman ratings joined from Portsmouth.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369d8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-007_1.jpg)


9 August 1917

At Liverpool, in Canada Dock No. 2..

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SW force 1-2; overcast; air temperature average 60°F]

10.10am: finished coaling-2675 tons.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369d9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-008_0.jpg)


10 August 1917

At Liverpool, in Canada Dock No. 2..

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 1; broken cloud; air temperature average 63°F]

7.00am: 7 officers taking passage joined ship.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369da: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-008_1.jpg)


11 August 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 2-3; cloudy; air temperature average 61°F]

11.00am: shifted to Canada No. 3 berth.

4.00pm: 3 officers left ship.

4caf8c84cadfd341970369db: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-009_0.jpg)


12 August 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind SW force 1; broken cloud; air temperature average 63°F]

8.30am: RC church party left ship; C of E service on board.

3.00pm: hands at leisure.

4caf8c84cadfd341970369dc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-009_1.jpg)


13 August 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; overcast; air temperature average 61°F]


4caf8c84cadfd341970369dd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-010_0.jpg)


14 August 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly W force 1-2; overcast; air temperature average 61°F]


4caf8c84cadfd341970369de: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-010_1.jpg)


15 August 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NW force 1-2; broken cloud; air temperature average 64°F]

3.00pm: hands stretching awnings.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369df: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-011_0.jpg)


16 August 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly W and NW force 1-2; cloudy; air temperature average 64°F]

1.00pm: shifted ship to NE berth Canada Dock.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369e0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-011_1.jpg)


17 August 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SSW force 1; cloudy with rain; air temperature average 60°F]

7.00am: breasted ship off to allow coal lighters inside.

3.15pm: finished coaling.

6.05pm: fire in painters’ cabin.

6.37pm: fire out.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369e1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-012_0.jpg)


18 August 1917

At Liverpool, Canada Dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SW force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 63°F]

8.00am: Surgeon Martin RN joined for ship for duty.

2.00pm: Dr. French left ship.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369e2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-012_1.jpg)


19 August 1917

At sea, Liverpool to Lough Swilly.

Lat 53.4, Long -5.2

[Wind mainly W force 3-5; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 58°F, sea 59°F]

8.00am: hands scrubbing decks.

9.50am: pilot on board.

10.00am: commenced to single up.

10.15am: tugs Beaver and Otter made fast.

10.20am: let go.

10.50am: clear of 1st gate.

11.5am: clear of 2nd gate.

11.20am: made fast alongside HMS Isis [most likely, but possibly Iris]

Draft: forward: 27’6”, aft 27’9”.

12.55pm: let go.

1.10pm: clear of docks.

1.28pm: North Wall Light abeam.

1.31pm: Rock Light abeam.

1.05pm: clocks put back 1 hour.*

1.03pm: passed Crosby Light Vessel.

1.11pm: stopped engines passing dredger Leviathan.

1.20pm: passed Formby Light Vessel.

1.40pm: passed Bar Lightship; course S85°W.

3.10pm: altered course to N60°W; swept channel buoy abeam; Ormes Head [followed by a number of small course changes-mainly NW]

4.10pm: Point Lynas abeam 2.2 miles.

4.45pm: Skerries abeam 6 miles.

7.10pm: sighted Rockabill Lighthouse bearing N47°W.

10.00pm: St John's Light abeam 11 miles.

11.00pm: South Rock abeam 5 miles; altered course to N12°E.

11.40pm: Skulmartin abeam 5 miles.


*[Note: the apparent repeated timings follow the reversion to GMT]


4caf8c84cadfd341970369e3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-013_0.jpg)


20 August 1917

At sea, Liverpool to Lough Swilly.

Lat 55.15, Long -7.53

[Wind mainly WSW force 2; sea slight; broken cloud; air temperature average 55°F, sea 57°F]

0.25am: Copeland Light abeam 4¾ miles; altered course to N20°W.

1.45am: Maidens Light abeam 3 miles.

2.55am: altered course to enter Rathlin Sound.

3.32am: Bull Point abeam; altered course to N54°W.

4.10am: course N49°W; commenced zigzagging 20°.

5.30am: finished zigzag course.

5.43am: Inishtrahull bore S30°W compass.

6.00am: altered course to S20°W compass.

7.45am: gun unloaded.

8.18am: passed through gates.

8.32am: let go anchor in 10 fathoms; anchor bearings: Ned’s Fort N60°E, Fort Tower Mackamish N60°W


4caf8c84cadfd341970369e4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-013_1.jpg)


21 August 1917

At Lough Swilly.

Lat 55.15, Long -7.53

[Wind mainly SW force 1-3; sea smooth; overcast; air temperature average 55°F, sea 57°F]

5.50am: convoy getting underway.

6.53am: hove short.

7.05am: hove up anchor; anchor up; slow ahead; speed and course as ordered by Commander (N).

7.57am: Fanad Point abeam 2 miles.

9.15am: set course N58°W.

11.52am: SS Devonian struck.

11.53am: alarm rung, hands to action stations; full speed.

12.45pm: Devonian sunk.*

1.12pm: sighted periscope of submarine 3 points on starboard bow; ported helm to engage her. Ship struck by torpedo abaft stem on starboard side. Flooded after 6'' magazines and part of No. 5 hold. Endeavouring to make Lough Swilly; vessel’s steering proving very difficult. TBD Rob Roy attempts to steer us but proved unsuccessful.**

5.17pm: Limeburner Rock abeam.

7.00pm: Fanad Point abeam.

7.50pm: Dunmore Head abeam.

8.30pm: passed boom.

8.48pm: let go port anchor in 10 fathoms; 45 fathoms on windlass; draft arriving: forward 40’6”, aft 23’2”.

11.30pm: clocks advanced 1 hour to BST.

Distance run 67.7 miles.


*[Note: at more than 10,000 tons, one of the largest vessels sunk by a U-boat in the Great War. SS Roscommon was also sunk.]


**[Note: the submarine attack on Virginian was carried out by U-102, in Lat. 55° 29’N, Long. 8°30’W, and there were 3 fatal casualties. For details see John D. Grainger (ed.) The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War, Navy Records Society, 2003, pages 757-758. In his memoirs, Admiral Tupper claimed that a shell fired by Virginian struck the conning tower of the U-boat, and that she struggled back to Germany and was out of action for a long period. See R Tupper, Reminiscences, Jarrolds Publishers, London, 1929, page 263. This is unconfirmed, and this U-boat continued in action. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SM_U-102

Another U-boat, U-53, took part in the attack and sank the merchant ships. See the debate at http://forum.oldweather.org/index.php?topic=2119.0]


4caf8c84cadfd341970369e5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-014_0.jpg)


22 August 1917

At Lough Swilly.

Lat 55.15, Long -7.53

[Wind WSW force 5 then SE force 3; overcast with squalls; air temperature average 60°F]

9.45am: salvage boat Volunteer alongside; hands shifting ammunition from fore magazine to No.6 hold; clearing wreckage in No.1 and attending on diver; carpenters shoring No.2 bulkhead.

1.00pm: hands shifting ammunition and employed as in the forenoon.

9.00pm: Surgeon away to SS Benue for case of smallpox.

9.50pm: collier Karanja to anchor for the night.

10.30pm: Surgeon returned.

11,30pm: Surgeon went again to SS Benue.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369e6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-014_1.jpg)


23 August 1917


At Lough Swilly.

Lat 55.15, Long -7.53

[Wind S and SSE force 3; overcast; sea smooth; air temperature average 58°F]

00.1am: anchor bearings verified and regulation lights. Carpenter’s sounding reported every hour.

3.00am: hands employed removing coal from forward into Karanja.

5.00am: No. 2 bilge levels: 1.00am: Port 1’1”, Starboard 1’11”, 2.00am: P 11”, S 2’0”, 3.00am: P 9”, S 2’2”, 4.00am: P 8”, S 2’3”, 5.00am: P 10”, S 2’6”.

Hands attending No 2 hand bilge pump.

11.00am: signal rating left ship.

11.50am: Lt. Cave RNVR, Sub Lt Barber RNVR, AP Ratcliffe RNVR left ship.

5.10pm: HMS Marne alongside for coal.

6.00pm: HMS Marne left.

8.00pm: hands employed uncoaling throughout the night and as before noon.

10.00pm: No. 2 bilge levels: 10.00pm: Port 3’1”, Starboard 1’2”, midnight: P 11”, S 1’11”.



4caf8c84cadfd341970369e7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-015_0.jpg)


24 August 1917

At Lough Swilly.

Lat 55.15, Long -7.53

[Wind W force 1-4; broken cloud; sea smooth; air temperature average 59°F]

2.00am: No. 2 bilge P 1’8”, S 3’11”, 4.00am: P 1’7”, S 1’ 1”, 6.00am: P 1’7”, S 1’1”.

3.00am: hands discharging coal into Karanja and shifting collier.

5.00am: discharging coal throughout in 2 watches.

12.40pm: corpse of Leading Fireman McGuffick and funeral party ashore.

3.50pm: HMS Nicator arrived.

4.20pm: funeral party returned.

5.00pm: bilges in No. 2 hold all tight.

9.00pm: discharging coal throughout.

4caf8c84cadfd341970369e8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-015_1.jpg)


25 August 1917


At Lough Swilly.

Lat 55.15, Long -7.53

[Wind WSW force 1-3; overcast; air temperature average 58°F]

5.00am: hands uncoaling ship; carpenters shoring up bulkhead.

7.02am: HMS Patia arrived and anchored.

10.00am: No. 2 bilge: 10.00am: P 15”, S 8”, Noon: P 15”, S 7”.

12.30pm: HMS Nicator left harbour.

1.00pm: hands employed rigging 6½” wire to starboard anchor.

2.00pm: No. 2 bilge: P 2”, S 5”.

2.30pm: Mr Pelley, Admiralty Surveyor from Belfast aboard.

4.00pm: No. 2 bilge: P 2”, S 5”.

4.30pm: Admiralty Surveyor went ashore.

5.15pm: HM TBD's Restless, Orestes, Rob Roy and Portia entered harbour.

6.45pm: convoy weighed anchors and proceeded to sea.

8.00pm: No. 2 bilge: P 2”, S 5”, No.3: P 4”, S 5”.

8.15pm: HMS Gladiolus alongside for coal.

9.10pm: collier cast off.

10.00pm: No. 2 bilge: P 2”, S 5”, No.3: P 7”, S 1”.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369e9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-016_0.jpg)


26 August 1917

At Lough Swilly.

Lat 55.15, Long -7.53

[Wind variable force 2; cloudy at first; air temperature average 56°F]

2.00am: bilges: P 5”, S 2”.

4.00am: hands uncoaling ship and shifting coal from lower deck to hold.

6.00am: bilges: No. 2 P5'', S6'': No. 3 P8'', S8”; coaling HMS Gladiolus from No. 3.

8.00am: bilges: No. 2 P5'', S6'': No. 3 P9'', S9”.

11.00am: bilges: No. 2 P6'', S8''.

Noon: finished coaling HMS Gladiolus: HMTB Rob Roy left harbour.

2.00pm: bilges: No. 2 P6'', S7''.

2.45pm: HMS Gladiolus left.

3.10pm: SS Kenmare alongside for coal.

4.45pm: SS Karanja alongside.

Midnight: bilges: No. 2 P6'', S7'': No. 3 P6'', S14”


4caf8c84cadfd341970369ea: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-016_1.jpg)


27 August 1917

At Lough Swilly.

Lat 55.15, Long -7.53

[Wind variable force 1; broken cloud; air temperature average 57°F]

[The bilges were monitored every 2 hours, and on average remained at just under 1ft. in depth]

2.00am: hands employed uncoaling ship and shifting coal from lower deck to hold. Carpenter shoring bulkheads.

7.45am: drifter Wheat Stalk alongside for coaling.

9.30am: HMTBs 48,[HMS Bullfinch] 86, [HMS Orwell], 56 [HMS Orestes] entered harbour.

9.45am: HMTBs 55,[HMS Fawn] 95, [HMS Wolf] 91 [HMS Spiteful] and 73 [HMS Violet] entered harbour.

1.00pm: hands clearing forward storerooms and No. 1 hold.

12.50pm: SS Kenmore cast off.

1.10pm: SS Karanja cast off.

6.00pm: HMTBs Marne, Restless, Nicator, Portia and Anchusa left harbour.

8.35pm: HMS Orestes left harbour.

9.20pm: HM Ships Primrose and Buttercup left harbour.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369eb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-017_0.jpg)


28 August 1917

At Lough Swilly (repairing torpedo damage).

Lat 55.15, Long -7.53

[Wind NE force 3; cloudy; air temperature average 58°F]

[The bilges were monitored every 2 hours, and on average remained at just under 1ft. in depth]

0.01am: hands cleaning ship and moving stores from No.1 hold to No. 4. Carpenters shoring bulkheads.

1.15am: HMS Convolvulus put to sea.

7.55am: HMS Primrose left.

10.30am: Drifter Snowdrop alongside.

6.00pm: hands employed as before noon; anchor bearings frequently verified.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369ec: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-017_1.jpg)


29 August 1917

At Lough Swilly (repairing torpedo damage).

Lat 55.15, Long -7.53

[Wind NNW force 6-8; cloudy with squalls; air temperature average 56°F]

5.00am: hands shifted aft to No. 4 hold. Torpedo nets, rope and the wreckage from No. 1 hold and cleared forward storeroom. Carpenters shoring bulkheads on the orlop deck.

8.00am: bilges: No. 2 P8'', S10'': No. 3 P3'', S1’ 5”.

11.00am: anchor bearings frequently verified.

6.00pm: hands salvaging starboard cable and stowing in No.4 hold.

9.10pm: HMS Patia left harbour.

Midnight: regulation lights correct.

4caf8c84cadfd341970369ed: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-018_0.jpg)


30 August 1917

At Lough Swilly (repairing torpedo damage).

Lat 55.15, Long -7.53

[Wind variable force 1-2; cloudy; air temperature average 56°F]

[The bilges were monitored every 2 hours, and on average remained at just under 1ft. in depth]

5.00am: hands salvaging starboard cable and stowing in No.4 hold. Salvaging stores and clearing wreckage from No 1 hold. Carpenters making fore magazines and shell room watertight and shoring inside them.

11.10am: 2 stoker ratings and 1 AB joined ship.

12.50pm: SS Cornwood came alongside for water.

1.00pm: hands shifting cable to No. 4 hold.

3.30pm: HMS Michael entered harbour.

4.15pm: C.P.O. Belle or Bikle [?] discharged to hospital.

5.00pm: Warrant No.60 read.

7.15pm: SS Cornwood cast off.

4caf8c84cadfd341970369ee: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-018_1.jpg)



31 August 1917

At Lough Swilly (repairing torpedo damage).

Lat 55.15, Long -7.53

[Wind W backing SW force 1-4; cloudy; air temperature average 55°F]

[The bilges were monitored every 2 hours, and on average remained at just under 1ft. in depth]

0.01am: hands lashing cable to secure chain locker and shifting ropes from forward to No.4 hold. Carpenters making hatches on main deck watertight.

7.15am: HM Ships Milbrook and Michael left harbour.

8.10am: Volunteer came alongside with diver.

9.40am: Volunteer cast off.

2.00pm: Chief Armourer Miller joined ship.

3.30pm: HMS Delphinium entered harbour towing USA SS Albert Watts.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369ef: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-019_0.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369f0: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-019_1.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369f1: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-020_0.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369f2: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-020_1.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369f3: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-021_0.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369f4: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67730/ADM 53-67730-021_1.jpg)



LOGS FOR SEPTEMBER 1917


4caf8c84cadfd341970369f5: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-001_0.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369f6: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-001_1.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369f7: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-002_0.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369f8: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-002_1.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369f9: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-003_0.jpg)

4caf8c84cadfd341970369fa: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-003_1.jpg)


1 September 1917


At Lough Swilly (repairing torpedo damage).

Lat 55.15, Long -7.53

[Wind SSW veering WSW force 1-2; cloudy; air temperature average 57°F]

6.00am: hands employed scrubbing ship’s sides.

4.42pm: HMS Rosemary proceeded to sea.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369fb: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-004_0.jpg)


2 September 1917

At Lough Swilly (repairing torpedo damage).

Lat 55.15, Long -7.53

[Wind mainly W force 2-4; cloudy with rain; air temperature average 59°F]

6.00am: hands employed painting ship’s sides.

6.55pm: HMTBD Plucky arrived.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369fc: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-004_1.jpg)


3 September 1917

At Lough Swilly (repairing torpedo damage).

Lat 55.15, Long -7.53

[Wind variable; ESE to SSW force 2; cloudy; air temperature average 62°F]

7.25am: HMTBs 70 [HMS Thorn] 7 [HMS Saracen] 55 [HMS Fawn] and 48 [HMS Bullfinch] arrived.

8.00am: hands cleaning ship.

9.55am: HMS Portia arrived.

2.00pm: TBD Restless arrived.

3.30pm: HMS Marne arrived.

5.00pm: HMS Portia left.

6.00pm: exercised “abandon ship”.

10.30pm: HMS Buttercup arrived.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369fd: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-005_0.jpg)


4 September 1917


Lough Swilly to Liverpool.

Lat 55.15, Long -7.53

[Wind variable; SW backing SE force 1-3; cloudy with some mist; air temperature average 59°F]

10.42am: commenced heaving up anchor; anchor up.

11.04am: let go port anchor on account of condenser being choked.

11.57am: anchor up; clocks retarded 1 hour.

11.28am: passed boom.

12.06pm: Swilly Reeks abeam.

12.15pm: Fanad Point abeam; set course N19°E.

1.34pm: altered course to E.

3.23pm: Dungaree Point abeam.

5.00pm: altered course to S40°E.

5.57pm: Rue Point abeam; courses various.

8.00pm: Maidens Light 4 points on starboard bow.

8.07pm: Maidens abeam; pressure for 10 knots.

9.30pm: Mew Island abeam 5 miles.

10.28pm: Skulmartin abeam 2 miles.

11.08pm: South Rock abeam 2 miles.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369fe: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-005_1.jpg)


5 September 1917

From Lough Swilly to and at Liverpool.

Lat 53.3, Long -4.3

[Wind mainly SSE force 1-3; cloudy with some mist]

0.29am: St John’s Light abeam.

4.09am: Rockabill Light abeam.

5.26am: pressure for 13 knots.

7.42am: Skerries abeam 5 miles.

9.00am: stopped for engine defect.

9.05am: proceeded.

9.15am: Airship No. 61 passed overhead.

11.44am: Bar Light Vessel abeam; engines and helm to Commander(N).

12.05pm: tender Otter alongside and pilot on board.

12.59pm: Otter fast forward.

1.05pm: Rock Light abeam; clocks advanced one hour to BST.

3.00pm: clear of first lock.

3.40pm: all fast and gangway [in place]

8.00pm: Engineer Commander Jackson to hospital.

In Brocklebank Dock.


4caf8c84cadfd341970369ff: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-006_0.jpg)


6 September 1917

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind calm; overcast then cloudless; air temperature average 59°F]

10.00am: Nos. 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 guns lifted by floating crane Samson and placed on deck.

1.00pm: hands employed scrubbing decks and discharging ammunition.

1.45pm: Leading Fireman Williams placed under arrest.


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a00: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-006_1.jpg)


7 September 1917

At Liverpool.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind NNW force 1-2; overcast; air temperature average 60°F]

7.00am: hands at Alexandra Dock unloading ammunition from barges.

8.00am: cast off Canada Dock to enter dry dock.

9.00am: entered dry dock.

10.15am: HMS [sic] took blocks and shored up.

Noon: leave to Port Watch until 21st Sept.


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a01: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-007_0.jpg)


8 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 1; cloudless then overcast; air temperature average 60°F]

8.45am: 3 men discharged to Devonport RNB and 1 man to Portsmouth RNB.


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a02: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-007_1.jpg)


9 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 1-2; overcast; air temperature average 63°F]

[8.30am-11.55am: church parties]

[-pm short leave repeated daily]


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a03: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-008_0.jpg)


10 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind variable force 1-2; overcast; air temperature average 63°F]

8.30am: 1 Rating left ship for HMS Excellent.

1.20pm: Alexandra Dock party left ship.

3.50pm: gunners’ shore party returned to ship.

4caf8c84cadfd34197036a04: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-008_1.jpg)


11 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly W force 1-2; overcast; air temperature average 59°F]

7.00am: working party to Alexandra Dock.

[8.00am: the crew were now engaged in removing the shoring and temporary repairs and clearing the holds for re-building. This work was repeated each day]

3.50pm: Alexandra Dock party returned.


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a05: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-009_0.jpg)


12 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NNW force 2-3; cloudy; air temperature average 59°F]

[8.00am: the crew were now engaged in removing the shoring and temporary repairs and clearing the holds for re-building. This work was repeated each day]

1.00pm: 1 Leading Seaman and 4 hands to Alexandra Dock; hands also sealing and painting the waterline.



4caf8c84cadfd34197036a06: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-009_1.jpg)


13 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly WSW force 2-3; overcast; air temperature average 59°F]

[8.00am: the crew were now engaged in removing the shoring and temporary repairs and clearing the holds for re-building. No.5 hold and the waterline were particular targets. This work was repeated each day]

8.00am: Alexandra Dock party.

11.45am: Alexandra Dock party returned.

8.00pm: W.O. Courtney left ship to join HMS Arlanza.


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a07: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-010_0.jpg)


14 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly NW force 1-3; broken cloud; air temperature average 57°F]

8.00am: hands cleaning No. 4 hold. Alex Dock party left.

11.50am: Alexandra Dock party returned.

3.55pm: Alexandra Dock party returned.


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a08: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-010_1.jpg)


15 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SW force 1; broken cloud; air temperature average 57°F]

8.00am: hands sealing and painting ship’s side. Port boats moved to allow caulkers to work deep.

2.00pm: WO. Benbow transferred to HMS Arlanza to relieve WO Courtney; 1 signal rating joined ship.


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a09: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-011_0.jpg)



16 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly W force 1; overcast; air temperature average 63°F]

8.00am: RCs piped No.2 dress.

8.30am: RCs to church at “St Albans”.

10.44am: RCs returned; C of E party to church service.

11.55am: C of E party returned.


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a0a: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-011_1.jpg)


17 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly W force 1; cloudy; air temperature average 59°F]

2.00am: clocks retarded 1 hour to GMT.


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a0b: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-012_0.jpg)


18 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SW force 1; overcast; air temperature average 60°F]

11.40am: 1 seaman rating joined ship.


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a0c: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-012_1.jpg)


19 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SW force 1; overcast; air temperature average 58°F]

8.00am: hands employed scaling and painting.

10.45pm: Martin SBS discharged to hospital.


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a0d: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-013_0.jpg)


20 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SW veering NW force 2-3; cloudy; air temperature average 63°F]

[8.00am: the crew were now engaged in removing the shoring and temporary repairs and clearing the holds for re-building. This work was repeated each day]


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a0e: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-013_1.jpg)


21 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SW veering NW force 2-3; cloudy; air temperature average 63°F]

Noon: Port Watch returned from leave.

1.00pm: leave for Starboard Watch until 5th October.


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a0f: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-014_0.jpg)


22 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly W force 2-5; cloudy; air temperature average 63°F]


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a10: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-014_1.jpg)


23 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly W force 1; cloudy; air temperature average 59°F]

[-am church parties]

2.00pm: hands stand easy.


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a11: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-015_0.jpg)


24 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SSW force 1; cloudy; air temperature average 63°F]


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a12: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-015_1.jpg)


25 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly SW force 1-2; cloudy; air temperature average 60°F]


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a13: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-016_0.jpg)


26 September 1917

At Liverpool, dry dock.

Lat 53.4, Long -3.0

[Wind mainly S veering WSW force 1-2; cloudy with mist; air temperature average 60°F]


4caf8c84cadfd34197036a14: (http://oldweather.s3.amazonaws.com/ADM 53-67731/ADM 53-67731-016_1.jpg)