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29654 - 4 JULY 1916

 

ACTION IN THE NORTH SEA - BATTLE OF JUTLAND

NAVAL DESPATCH dated 24 June 1916

 

 

Admiralty, 6th July, 1916.

 

The following Despatch has been received from Admiral Sir John Jellicoe, G.C.B., G.C.V.O., Commander-in-Chief, Grand Fleet, reporting-the action in the North Sea on 31st May, 1916 (All times given in this report are Greenwich mean time):

 

"Iron Duke," 24th June, 1916.

 

SIR,

Be pleased to inform the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty that the German High Sea Fleet was brought to action on 31st May, 1916, to the westward of the Jutland Bank, off the coast of Denmark.

 

The ships of the Grand Fleet, in pursuance of the general policy of periodical sweeps through the North Sea, had left its bases on the previous day, in accordance with instructions issued by me.

 

In the early afternoon of Wednesday, 31 May, the 1st and 2nd Battle-cruiser Squadrons, 1st, 2nd and 3rd Light-cruiser Squadrons and destroyers from the 1st, 9th, 10th and 13th Flotillas, supported by the 5th Battle Squadron, were, in accordance with my directions, scouting to the southward of the Battle Fleet, which was accompanied by the 3rd Battle-cruiser Squadron, 1st and 2nd Cruiser Squadrons, 4th Light-cruiser Squadron, 4th, 11th and 12th Flotillas.

 

The junction of the Battle Fleet .with the scouting force after the enemy had been sighted was delayed owing to the southerly course steered by our advanced force during the first hour after commencing their action with the enemy battle-cruisers. This was, of course, unavoidable, as had our battle-cruisers not followed the enemy to the southward the main fleets would never have been in contact.

 

The Battle-cruiser Fleet, gallantly led by Vice-Admiral Sir David Beatty, K.C.B., M.V.O., D.S.O., and admirably supported by the ships of the Fifth Battle Squadron under Rear-Admiral Hugh Evan-Thomas; M.V.O., fought an action under, at times, disadvantageous conditions, especially in regard tp light, in a manner that was in keeping with the best traditions of the service.

 

The following extracts from the report of Sir David Beatty give the course of events before the Battle Fleet came upon the scene:

 

(Beatty) - "At 2.20 p.m. reports were received from 'Galatea' (Commodore Edwyn S. Alexander Sinclair, M.V.O., A.D.C., indicating the presence of enemy vessels. The direction of advance was immediately altered to S.S.E., the course for Horn Reef, so as to place my force between the enemy and his base.

 

"At 2.35 p.m. a considerable amount of smoke was sighted to the eastward. This made it clear that the enemy was to the northward and eastward, and that it would be impossible for him to round the Horn Reef without being brought to action. Course was accordingly altered to the eastward and subsequently to north-eastward, the enemy being sighted at 3.31 p.m. Their force consisted of five battle-cruisers.

 

"After the first report of the enemy, the 1st and 3rd Light Cruiser Squadrons changed their direction, and, without waiting for orders, spread to the east, thereby forming a screen in advance of the Battle Cruiser Squadrons and 5th Battle Squadron by the time we had hauled up to the course of approach. They engaged enemy light cruisers at long range. In the meantime the 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron had come in at high speed, and was able to take station ahead of the battle cruisers by the time we turned to E.S.E., the course on which we first engaged the enemy. In this respect the work of the Light Cruiser Squadrons was excellent, and of great value.

 

"From a report from 'Galatea' at 2.25 p.m. it was evident that the enemy force was considerable, and not merely an isolated unit of light cruisers, so at 2.45 p.m. I ordered 'Engadine' (Lieutenant-Commander C. G. Robinson) to send up a seaplane and scout to N.N.E. This order was carried out very quickly, and by 3.8 p.m. a seaplane, with Flight Lieutenant F. J. Rutland, R.N., as pilot, and Assistant Paymaster G. S. Trewin, R.N., as observer, was well under way; her first reports of the enemy were received in 'Engadine' about 3.30 p.m. Owing to clouds it was necessary to fly very low, and in order to identify four enemy light cruisers the seaplane had to fly at a height of 900 feet within 3,000 yards of them, the light cruisers opening fire on her with every gun that would bear. This in no way interfered with the clarity of their reports, and both Flight Lieutenant Rutland and Assistant Paymaster Trewin are to be congratulated on their achievement, which indicates that seaplanes under such circumstances are of distinct value.

 

"At 3.30 p.m. I increased speed to 25 knots, and formed line of battle, the 2nd Battle Cruiser Squadron forming astern of the 1st Battle Cruiser Squadron, with destroyers of the 13th and 9th Flotillas taking station ahead. I turned to E.S.E., slightly converging on the enemy, who were now at a range of 23,000 yards, and formed the ships on a line of bearing to clear the smoke. The 5th Battle Squadron, who had conformed to our movements, were now bearing N.N.W., 10,000 yards. The visibility at this time was good, the sun behind us and the wind S.E. Being between the enemy and his base, our situation was both tactically and strategically good.

 

"At 3.48 p.m. the action commenced at a range of 18,500 yards, both forces opening fire practically simultaneously. Course was altered to the southward, and subsequently the mean direction was S.S.E., the enemy steering a parallel course distant about 18,000 to 14,500 yards.

 

"At 4.8 p.m. the 5th Battle Squadron came into action and opened fire at a range of 20,000 yards. The enemy's fire now seemed to slacken. The destroyer 'Landrail ' (Lieutenant-Commander Francis E. H. G. Hobart), of 9th Flotilla, who was on our port beam, trying to take station ahead, sighted the periscope of a submarine on her port quarter. Though causing considerable inconvenience from smoke, the presence of 'Lydiard' (Commander Malcolm L. Goldsmith) and 'Landrail' undoubtedly preserved the battle-cruisers from closer submarine attack. 'Nottingham' (Captain Charles B. Miller) also reported a submarine on the starboard beam.

 

"Eight destroyers of the 13th Flotilla, ' Nestor' (Commander the Hon. Edward B. S. Bingham), 'Nomad' (Lieutenant-Commander Paul Whitfield), 'Nicator' (Lieutenant Jack E. A. Mocatta), 'Narborough' (Lieutenant-Commander Geoffrey Corlett), 'Pelican' (Lieutenant-Commander Kenneth A. Beattie), 'Petard' (Lieutenant-Commander Evelyn C. O. Thomson), 'Obdurate' (Lieutenant-Commander Cecil H. H. Sams), 'Nerissa' (Lieutenant-Commander Montague C. B. Legge) with ' Moorsom' (Commander John C. Hodgson), and 'Morris' (Lieutenant-Commander Edward S. Graham), of 10th Flotilla, 'Turbulent' (Lieutenant-Commander Dudley Stuart), and 'Termagant' (Lieutenant-Commander Cuthbert P. Blake), of the 9th Flotilla, having been ordered to attack the enemy with torpedoes when opportunity offered, moved out at 4.15 p.m., simultaneously with a similar movement on the part of the enemy Destroyers. The attack was carried out in the most gallant manner, and with great determination. Before arriving at a, favourable position to fire torpedoes, they intercepted an enemy force consisting of a light-cruiser and fifteen destroyers. A fierce engagement ensued at close quarters, with the result that the enemy were forced to retire on their battlecruisers, having lost two destroyers sunk, and having their torpedo attack frustrated. Our destroyers sustained no loss in this engagement, but their attack on the enemy battle-cruisers was rendered less effective, owing to some of the destroyers having dropped astern during the fight. Their position was therefore unfavourable for torpedo attack.

 

"'Nestor,' 'Nomad' and 'Nicator,' gallantly led by Commander the Hon. Edward B. S. Bingham, of 'Nestor,' pressed home their attack on the battle-cruisers and fired two torpedoes at them, being subjected to a heavy fire from the enemy's secondary armament. 'Nomad' was badly hit, and apparently remained stopped between the lines. Subsequently 'Nestor' and 'Nicator' altered course to the S.E., and in a short time, the opposing battle-cruisers having turned 16 points, found themselves within close range of a number of enemy battleships. Nothing daunted, though under a terrific fire, they stood on, and their position being favourable for torpedo attack fired a torpedo at the second ship of the enemy line at a range of 3,000 yards. Before they could fire their fourth torpedo, 'Nestor' was badly hit and swung to starboard, 'Nicator' altering course inside her to avoid collision, and thereby being prevented from firing the last torpedo. 'Nicator' made good her escape, and subsequently rejoined the Captain (D), 13th Flotilla. 'Nestor' remained stopped, but carried out an attack on the enemy's battle fleet.

 

"'Petard,' 'Nerissa,' 'Turbulent', and 'Termagant' also pressed home their attack on the enemy battle-cruisers, firing torpedoes after the engagement with enemy destroyers. 'Petard' reports that all her torpedoes must have crossed the enemy's line, while 'Nerissa' states that one torpedo appeared to strike the rear ship. These destroyer attacks were indicative of the spirit pervading His Majesty's Navy, and were worthy of its highest traditions. I propose to bring to your notice a recommendation of Commander Bingham and other Officers for some recognition of their conspicuous gallantry.

 

"From 4.15 to 4.43 p.m. the conflict between the opposing battle-cruisers was of a very fierce and resolute character. The 5th Battle Squadron was engaging the enemy's rear ships, unfortunately at very long range. Our fire began to tell, the accuracy and rapidity of that of the enemy, depreciating considerably. At 4.18 p.m. the third enemy ship was seen to be on fire. The visibility to the north-eastward had become considerably reduced, and the outline of the ships very indistinct.

 

"At 4.38 p m. 'Southampton' (Commodore William E. Goodenough, M.V.O., A.D.C.) reported the enemy's Battle Fleet ahead. The destroyers were recalled, and at 4.42 p.m. the enemy's Battle Fleet was sighted S.E. Course was altered 16 points in succession to starboard, and I proceeded on a northerly course to lead them towards the Battle Fleet. The enemy battle-cruisers altered course shortly afterwards, and the action continued. ‘Southampton,' with the 2nd Light-cruiser Squadron, held on to the southward to observe. They closed to within 13,000 yards of the enemy Battle Fleet, and came under a very heavy but ineffective fire. 'Southampton's' reports were most valuable. The 5th Battle Squadron were now closing on an opposite course and engaging the enemy battle-cruisers with all guns. The position of the enemy Battle Fleet was communicated to them, and I ordered them to alter course 16 points. Led by Rear-Admiral Evan-Thomas, in 'Barham' (Captain Arthur W. Craig), this squadron supported us brilliantly and effectively.

 

"At 4.57 p.m. the 5th Battle Squadron turned up astern of me and came under the fire of the leading ships of the enemy Battle Fleet. ‘Fearless' (Captain (D) Charles D. Roper), with the destroyers of 1st Flotilla, joined the battle-cruisers, and, when speed admitted, took station ahead. 'Champion' (Captain (D) James U. Farie), with 13th Flotilla, took station on the 5th Battle Squadron. At 5 p m. the 1st and 3rd Light-cruiser Squadrons, which bad been following me on the southerly course, took station on my starboard bow; the 2nd Light-cruiser Squadron took station on my port quarter.

 

"The weather conditions now became unfavourable, our ships being silhouetted against a clear horizon to the westward, while the enemy were for the most part obscured by mist, only showing up clearly at intervals. These conditions prevailed until we had turned their van at about 6 p.m. Between 5 and 6 p.m. the action continued on a northerly course, the range being about 14,000 yards. During this time the enemy received very severe punishment, and one of their battle-cruisers quitted the line in a considerably damaged condition. This came under my personal observation, and was corroborated by 'Princess Royal' (Captain Walter H. Cowan, M.V.O., D.S.O.) and 'Tiger' (Captain Henry B. Pelly, M.V.O.). Other enemy ships also showed signs of increasing injury. At 5.5 p.m. 'Onslow' (Lieutenant-Commander John C. Tovey) and 'Moresby' (Lieutenant-Commander Roger V. Alison), who had been detached to assist 'Engadine' with the seaplane, rejoined the battle-cruiser squadrons and took station on the starboard (engaged) bow of 'Lion' (Captain Alfred E. M. Chatfield, C.V.O.). At 5.10 p.m. 'Moresby,' being 2 points before the beam of the leading enemy ship, fired a torpedo at a ship in their line. Eight, minutes later she observed a hit with a torpedo on what was judged to be the sixth ship in the line. 'Moresby' then passed between the lines to clear the range of smoke, and rejoined 'Champion.' In corroboration of this, 'Fearless' reports having seen an enemy heavy ship heavily on fire at about 5.10 p.m., and shortly afterwards a huge cloud of smoke and steam.

 

"At 5.35 p.m. our course was N.N.E., and the estimated position of the Battle Fleet was N. 16 W., so we gradually hauled to the northeastward, keeping the range of the enemy at 14,000 yards. He was gradually hauling to the eastward, receiving severe punishment at the head of his line, and probably acting on information received from his light-cruisers which had sighted and were engaged with the Third Battle-cruiser Squadron.

 

"Possibly Zeppelins were present also. At 5.50 p.m. British cruisers were sighted on the port bow, and at 5.56 p.m. the leading battleships of the Battle Fleet, bearing north 5 miles. I thereupon altered course to east, and proceeded at utmost speed. This brought the range of the enemy down to 12,000 yards. I made a report to you that the enemy battlecruisers bore south-east. At this time only three of the enemy battle-cruisers were visible, closely followed by battleships of the 'Koenig' class.

 

"At about 6.5 p.m. 'Onslow,' being on the engaged bow of 'Lion’ sighted an enemy lightcruiser at a distance of 6,000 yards from us, apparently endeavouring to attack with torpedoes. 'Onslow' at onoe closed and engaged her, firing 58 rounds at a range of from 4,000 to 2,000 yards, scoring a number of hits. 'Onslow' then closed the enemy battlecruisers, and orders were given for all torpedoes to be fired. At this moment she was struck amidships by a heavy shell, with the result that only one torpedo was fired. Thinking that all his torpedoes had gone, the Commanding Officer proceeded to retire at slow speed. Being informed that he still had three torpedoes, he closed with the light-cruiser previously engaged and torpedoed her. The enemy's Battle Fleet was then sighted, and the remaining torpedoes were fired at them and must have crossed the enemy's track. Damage then caused 'Onslow' to stop.

 

"At 7.15 p.m. 'Defender' (Lieutenant-Commander Lawrence R. Palmer), whose speed had been reduced to 10 knots, while on the disengaged side of the battle-cruisers, by a shell which damaged her foremost boiler, closed 'Onslow' and took her in tow. Shells were falling all round them during this operation, which, however, was successfully accomplished. During the heavy weather of the ensuing night the tow parted twice, but was re-secured. The two struggled on together until 1 p.m. 1st June, when 'Onslow' was transferred to tugs. I consider the performances of these two destroyers to be gallant in the extreme, and I am recommending Lieutenant-Commander J. C. Tovey, of 'Onslow,' and Lieutenant-Commander L. R. Palmer, of 'Defender,' for special recognition. 'Onslow' was possibly the destroyer referred to by the Rear-Admiral Commanding 3rd Light Cruiser Squadron as follows:' Here I should like to bring to your notice the action of a destroyer (name unknown) which we passed close in a disabled condition soon after 6 p.m. She apparently was able to struggle ahead again, and made straight for the 'Derfflinger' to attack her.' "

 

Proceedings of Battle Fleet and Third Battle Cruiser Squadron.

 

(Jellicoe) On receipt of the information that the enemy had been sighted, the British Battle Fleet, with its accompanying cruiser and destroyer force, proceeded at full speed on a S.E. by S. course to close the Battle-cruiser Fleet. During the two hours that elapsed before the arrival of the Battle Fleet on the scene the steaming qualities of the older battleships were severely tested. Great credit is due to the engine-room departments for the manner in which they, as always, responded to the call, the whole Fleet maintaining a speed in excess of the trial speeds of some of the older vessels.

 

The Third Battle-cruiser Squadron, commanded by  Rear-Admiral the Hon. Horace L. A. Hood, C.B., M.V.O., D.S.O., which was in advance of the Battle Fleet, was ordered to reinforce Sir David Beatty. At 5.30 p.m. this squadron observed flashes of gunfire and heard the sound of guns to the south-westward. Rear-Admiral- Hood sent the 'Chester' (Captain Robert N. Lawson) to investigate, and this ship engaged three or four enemy light-cruisers at about 5.45 p.m. The engagement lasted for about twenty minutes, during which period Captain Lawson handled his vessel with great skill against heavy odds, and, although the ship suffered considerably in casualties, her fighting and steaming qualities were unimpaired, and at about 6.5 p.m. she rejoined the Third Battle-cruiser Squadron.

 

The Third Battle-cruiser Squadron had turned to the north-westward, and at 6.10 p.m. sighted our battle-cruisers, the squadron taking station ahead of the 'Lion' at 6.21 p.m. in accordance with the orders of the Vice-Admiral Commanding Battle-cruiser Fleet. He reports as follows:

 

(Beatty) "I ordered them to take station ahead, which was carried out magnificently, Rear- Admiral Hood bringing his squadron into action ahead in a most inspiring manner, worthy of his great naval ancestors. At 6.25 p.m. I altered course to the E.S.E. in support of the Third Battle-cruiser Squadron, who were at this time only 8,000 yards from the enemy's leading ship. They were pouring a hot fire into her and caused her to turn to the westward of south. At the same time I made a report to you of the bearing and distance of the enemy battle-fleet.

 

"By 6.50 p.m. the battle-cruisers were clear of our leading battle squadron then bearing about N.N.W. 3 miles, and I ordered the Third Battle-cruiser Squadron to prolong the line astern and reduced to 18 knots. The visibility at this time was very indifferent, not more than 4 miles, and the enemy ships were temporarily lost sight of. It is interesting to note that after 6 p.m., although the visibility became reduced, it was undoubtedly more favourable to us than to the enemy. At intervals their ships showed up clearly, enabling us to punish them very severely and establish a definite superiority over them. From the report of other ships and my own observation it was clear that the enemy suffered considerable damage, battle-cruisers .and battleships alike. The head of their line was crumpled up, leaving battleships as targets for the majority of our battlecruisers. Before leaving us the Fifth Battle Squadron was also engaging battleships. The report of Rear-Admiral Evan-Thomas shows that excellent results were obtained, and it can be safely said that his magnificent squadron wrought great execution.

 

"From the report of Rear-Admiral T. D. W. Napier, M.V.O., the Third Light-cruiser Squadron, which had maintained its station on our starboard bow well ahead of the enemy, at 6.25 p.m. attacked with the torpedo. 'Falmouth' (Captain John D. Edwards) and 'Yarmouth' (Captain Thomas D. Pratt) both fired torpedoes at the leading enemy battlecruiser, and it is believed that one torpedo hit,, as a heavy underwater explosion was observed. The Third Light-cruiser Squadron then gallantly attacked the heavy ships with gunfire, with impunity to themselves, thereby demonstrating that the fighting efficiency of the enemy had been seriously impaired. Rear-Admiral Napier deserves great credit for his determined and effective attack. 'Indomitable' (Captain Francis W. Kennedy) reports that about this time one of the 'Derfflinger' class fell out of the enemy's line."

 

(Jellicoe) Meanwhile, at 5.45 p.m., the report of guns had become audible to me, and at 5.55 p.m. flashes were visible from ahead round to the starboard beam, although in the mist no ships could be distinguished, and the position of the enemy's: battle fleet could not be determined. The difference in estimated position by "reckoning" between 'Iron Duke' (Captain Frederic C. Dreyer, C.B.) and 'Lion,’ which was inevitable under the circumstances, added to the uncertainty of the general situation.

 

Shortly after 5.55 p.m. some of the cruisers ahead, under Rear-Admirals Herbert L. Heath, M.V.O., and Sir Robert Arbuthnot, Bt., M..V.O., were seen to be in action, and reports received show that 'Defence,' flagship (Captain Stanley V. Ellis), and 'Warrior' (Captain Vincent B. Molteno), of the First Cruiser .Squadron, engaged an enemy light cruiser at this time. She was subsequently observed to sink.

 

At 6 p.m. 'Canterbury' (Captain Percy M. R. Royds), which ship was in company with the Third Battle Cruiser Squadron, had engaged enemy light-cruisers which were firing heavily on the torpedo-boat destroyer ' Shark' (Commander Loftus W. Jones), 'Acasta' (Lieutenant-Commander John O. Barron), and 'Christopher' (Lieutenant-Commander Fairfax M. Kerr); as a result of this engagement the 'Shark' was sunk.

 

At 6 p.m. vessels, afterwards seen to be our battle-cruisers, were sighted by 'Marlborough' bearing before the starboard beam of the battle fleet.

 

At the same time the Vice-Admiral Commanding, Battle-cruiser Fleet (Beatty), reported to me the position of the enemy battle-cruisers, and at 6.14 p.m. reported the position of the enemy battle fleet.

 

At this period, when the battle fleet was meeting the battle-cruisers and the Fifth Battle Squadron, great care was necessary to ensure that our own ships were not mistaken for enemy vessels.

 

I formed the battle fleet in line of battle on receipt of Sir David Beatty's report, and during deployment the fleets became engaged. Sir David Beatty Bad meanwhile formed the battle-cruisers ahead of the battle fleet.

 

The divisions of the battle fleet were led by:

 

The Commander-in-Chief.

Vice-Admiral Sir Cecil Burney, K.C.B., K.C.M.G.

Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas Jerram, K.C.B.

Vice-Admiral Sir Doveton Sturdee, Bt., K.C.B., C.V.O., C.M.G.

Rear-Admiral Alexander L. Duff, C.B.

Rear-Admiral Arthur C. Leveson, C.B.

Rear-Admiral Ernest F. A. Gaunt, C.M.G.

 

At 6.16 p.m. 'Defence' and 'Warrior' were observed passing down between the British and, German Battle Fleets under a very heavy fire. 'Defence' disappeared, and 'Warrio ' passed to the rear disabled.

 

It is probable that Sir Robert Arbuthnot, during his engagement with the enemy's light cruisers and in his desire to complete their destruction, was not aware of the approach of the enemy's heavy ships, owing to the mist, until he found himself in close proximity to the main fleet, and before he could withdraw his ships they were caught under a heavy fire and disabled. It is not known when 'Black Prince' (Captain Thomas P. Bonham), of the same squadron, was sunk, but a wireless signal was received from her between 8 and 9 p.m.

 

The First Battle Squadron became engaged during deployment, .the Vice-Admiral opening fire at 6.17 p.m. on a battleship of the 'Kaiser' class. The other Battle Squadrons, which had previously been firing at an enemy light-cruiser, opened fire at 6.30 p.m. on battleships of the ' Koenig ' class.

 

At 6.6 p.m. the Rear-Admiral Commanding Fifth Battle Squadron, then in company with the battle-cruisers, had sighted the starboard wing division of the battle-fleet on the port bow of 'Barham,' and the first intention of Rear-Admiral Evan-Thomas was to form ahead of the remainder of the battle-fleet, but on realising the direction of deployment he was compelled to form astern, a manoeuvre which was well executed by the squadron under a heavy fire from the enemy battle-fleet. An accident to 'Warspite's' steering gear caused her helm to become jammed temporarily and took the ship in the direction of the enemy's line, during which time she was hit several times. Clever handling enabled Captain Edward M. Phillpotts to extricate his ship from a somewhat awkward situation.

 

Owing principally to the mist, but partly to the smoke, it was possible to see only a few ships at a time in the enemy's battle line. Towards the van only some four or five ships were ever visible at once. More could be seen from the rear squadron, but never more than eight to twelve.

 

The action between the battle-fleets lasted intermittently from 6.17 p.m. to 8.20 p.m. at ranges between 9,000 and 12,000 yards, during which time the British Fleet made alterations of course from S.E. by E. to W. in the endeavour to close. The enemy constantly turned away and opened the range under cover of destroyer attacks and smoke screens as the effect of the British fire was felt, and the alterations of course had the effect of bringing the British Fleet (which commenced the action in a position of advantage on the bow of the enemy) to a quarterly bearing from the enemy battle line, but at the same time placed us between the enemy and his bases.

 

At 6.55 p.m. ' Iron Duke' passed the wreck of 'Invincible' (Captain Arthur L. Cay), with 'Badger' (Commander C. A. Fremantle) standing by.

 

During the somewhat brief periods that the ships of the High Sea Fleet were visible through the mist, the heavy and effective fire kept up by the battleships and battle-cruisers of the Grand Fleet caused me much satisfaction, and the enemy vessels were seen to be constantly hit, some being observed to haul out of the line and at least one to sink. The enemy's return fire at this period was not effective, and the damage caused to our ships was insignificant.

 

The Battle-cruisers in the Van.

 

Sir David Beatty reports:

 

(Beatty) "At 7.6 p.m. I received a signal from you that the course of the Fleet was south. Subsequently signals were received up to 8.46 p.m. showing that the course of the Battle Fleet was to the south-westward.

 

"Between 7 and 7.12 p.m. we hauled round gradually to S.W. by S. to regain touch with the enemy, and at 7.14 p.m. again sighted them at a range of about 15,000 yards. The ships sighted at this time were two battlecruisers and two battleships, apparently of the 'Koenig' class. No doubt more continued the line to the northward, but that was all that could be seen. The visibility having improved considerably as the sun descended below the clouds, we re-engaged at 7.17 p.m. and increased speed to 22 knots. At 7.32 p.m. my course was S.W., speed 18 knots, the leading enemy battleship bearing N. W. by W. Again, after a very short time, the enemy showed signs of punishment, one ship being on fire, while another appeared to drop right astern. The destroyers at the head of the enemy's line emitted volumes of grey smoke, covering their capital ships as with a pall, under cover of which they turned away, and at 7.45 p.m. we lost sight of them.

 

"At 7.58 p.m. I ordered the First and Third Light-cruiser Squadrons to sweep to the westward and locate the head of the enemy's line, and at 8.20 p.m. we altered course .to west in support. We soon located two battle-cruisers and battleships, and were heavily engaged at a short range of about 10,000 yards. The leading ship was hit repeatedly by 'Lion' and turned away eight points, emitting very high flames and with a heavy list to port. 'Princess Royal' set fire to a three-funnelled battleship. 'New Zealand' (Captain John F. E. Green) and 'Indomitable' report that the third ship, which they both engaged, hauled out of the line, heeling over and on fire. The mist, which now came down, enveloped them, and ' Falmouth ' reported they were last seen at 8.38 p.m. steaming to the westward.

 

"At 8.40 p.m. all our battle-cruisers felt a heavy shock as if struck by a mine or torpedo, or possibly sunken wreckage. As, however, examination of the bottoms reveals no sign of such an occurrence, it is assumed that it indicated the blowing up of a great vessel.

 

"I continued on a south-westerly course with my light cruisers spread until 9.24 p.m. Nothing further being sighted, I assumed that the enemy were to the north-westward, and that we had established ourselves well between him and his base. 'Minotaur' (Captain Arthur C. S. H. D'Aeth) was at this time bearing north 5 miles, and I asked her the position of the leading battle squadron of the Battle Fleet. Her reply was that it was not in sight, but was last seen bearing N.N.E. I kept you (Jellicoe) informed of my position, course, and speed, also of the bearing of the enemy.

 

"In view of the gathering darkness, and the fact that our strategical position was such as to make it appear certain that we should locate the enemy at daylight under most favourable circumstances, I did not consider it desirable or proper to close the enemy Battle Fleet during the dark hours. I therefore concluded that I should be carrying out your wishes by turning to the course of the Fleet, reporting to you that I had done so."

 

Details of Battle-fleet Action.

 

(Jellicoe) As was anticipated, the German Fleet appeared to rely very much on torpedo attacks, which were favoured by the low visibility and by the fact that we had arrived in the position of a "following" or "chasing" fleet. A large number of torpedoes were apparently fired, but only one took effect (on 'Marlborough'), and even in this case the ship was able to remain in the line and to continue the action. The enemy's efforts to keep out of effective gun range were aided by the weather conditions, which were ideal for the purpose. Two separate destroyer attacks were made by the enemy.

 

The First Battle Squadron, under Vice-Admiral Sir Cecil Burney, came into action at 6.17 p.m. with the enemy's Third Battle Squadron, at a range of about 11,000 yards, and administered severe punishment, both to the battleships and to the battle-cruisers and light-cruisers, which were also engaged. The fire of 'Marlborough' (Captain George P. Ross) was particularly rapid and effective. This ship commenced at 6.17 p.m. by firing seven salvoes at a ship of the 'Kaiser' class, then engaged a cruiser, and again a battleship, and at 6.54 she was hit by a torpedo and took up a considerable list to starboard, but reopened at 7.3 p.m. at a cruiser and at 7.12 p.m. fired fourteen rapid salvoes at a ship of the 'Koenig' class, hitting her frequently until she turned out of the line. The manner in which this effective fire was kept up in spite of the disadvantages due to the injury caused by the torpedo was most creditable to the ship and a very fine example to the squadron.

 

The range decreased during the course of the action to 9,000 yards. The First Battle Squadron received more of the enemy's return fire than the remainder of the battle-fleet, with the exception of the Fifth Battle Squadron. 'Colossus' (Captain Alfred D. P. R. Pound) was hit but was not seriously damaged, and other ships were straddled with fair frequency.

 

In the Fourth Battle Squadron - in which squadron my flagship 'Iron Duke' was placed - Vice-Admiral Sir Doveton Sturdee leading one of the divisions - the enemy engaged was the squadron consisting of 'Koenig' and 'Kaiser' class and some of the battle-cruisers, as well as disabled cruisers and light-cruisers. The mist rendered rangetaking a difficult matter, but the fire of the squadron was effective. 'Iron Duke,' having previously fired at a light-cruiser between the lines, opened fire at 6.30 p.m. on a battleship of the 'Koenig' class at a range of 12,000 yards. The latter was very quickly straddled, and hitting commenced at the second salvo and only ceased when the target ship turned away. The rapidity with which hitting was established was most creditable to the excellent gunnery organisation of the flagship, so ably commanded by my Flag Captain, Captain Frederic C. Dreyer.

 

The fire of other ships of the squadron was principally directed at enemy battle-cruisers and cruisers as they appeared out of the mist. Hits were observed to take effect on several ships.

 

The ships of the Second Battle Squadron, under Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas Jerram, were in action with vessels of the 'Kaiser' or 'Koenig' classes between 6.30 and 7.20 p.m., and fired also at an enemy battle-cruiser which had dropped back apparently severely damaged.

 

During the action between the battle fleets the Second Cruiser Squadron, ably commanded by Rear-Admiral Herbert L. Heath, M.V.O., with the addition of 'Duke of Edinburgh' (Captain Henry Blackett) of the First Cruiser Squadron, occupied a position at the van, and acted as a connecting link between the battle fleet and the battle-cruiser fleet. This squadron, although it carried out useful work, did not have an opportunity of coming into action.

 

The attached cruisers 'Boadicea' (Captain Louis C. S. Woollcombe, M.V.O.), 'Active' (Captain Percy Withers), 'Blanche' (Captain John M. Casement), and 'Bellona' (Captain Arthur B. S. Dutton) carried out their duties as repeating-ships with remarkable rapidity and accuracy under difficult conditions.

 

The Fourth Light-cruiser Squadron, under Commodore Charles E. Le Mesurier, occupied a position in the van until ordered to attack enemy destroyers at 7.20 p.m., and again at 8.18 p.m., when they supported the Eleventh Flotilla, which had moved out under Commodore James R. P. Hawksley, M.V.O., to attack. On each occasion the Fourth Lightcruiser Squadron was very well handled by Commodore Le Mesurier, his captains giving him excellent support, and their object was attained, although with some loss in the second attack, when the ships came under the heavy fire of the enemy battle fleet at between 6,500 and 8,000 yards. The 'Calliope' (Commodore Le Mesurier) was hit several times, but did not sustain serious damage, although, I regret to say, she had several casualties. The light cruisers attacked the enemy's battleships with torpedoes at this time, and an explosion on board a ship of the 'Kaiser' class was seen at 8.40 p.m.

 

During these destroyer attacks four enemy torpedo-boat destroyers were sunk by the gunfire of battleships, light-cruisers and destroyers.

 

After the arrival of the British Battle Fleet the enemy's tactics were of a nature generally to avoid further action, in which they were favoured by the conditions of visibility.

 

Night Dispositions.

 

At 9 p.m. the enemy was entirely out of sight, and the threat of torpedo boat-destroyer attacks during the rapidly approaching darkness made it necessary for me to dispose the fleet for the night, with a view to its safety from such attacks, whilst providing for a renewal of action at daylight. I accordingly manoeuvred to remain between the enemy and his bases, placing our flotillas in a position in which they would afford protection to the fleet from destroyer attack, and at the same time be favourably situated for attacking the enemy's heavy ships.

 

Night Attacks by Flotillas.

 

During the night the British heavy ships were not attacked, but the Fourth, Eleventh and Twelfth Flotillas, under Commodore Hawkesley and Captains Charles J. Wintour and Anselan J. B. Stirling, delivered a series of very gallant and successful attacks on the enemy, causing him heavy losses.

 

It was during these attacks that severe losses in the Fourth Flotilla occurred, including that of 'Tipperary,' with the gallant leader of the Flotilla, Captain Wintour. He had brought his flotilla to a high pitch of perfection, and although suffering severely from the fire of the enemy, a heavy toll of enemy vessels was taken, and many gallant actions were performed by the flotilla.

 

Two torpedoes were seen to take effect on enemy vessels as the result of the attacks of the Fourth Flotilla, one being from 'Spitfire' (Lieutenant-Commander Clarence W. E. Trelawny), and the other from either 'Ardent' (Lieutenant-Commander Arthur Marsden), 'Ambuscade' (Lieutenant-Commander Gordon A. Coles) or 'Garland' (Lieutenant-Commander Reginald S. Goff).

 

The attack carried out by the Twelfth Flotilla (Captain Anselan J. B. Stirling) was admirably executed. The squadron attacked, which consisted of six large vessels, besides light-cruisers, and comprised vessels of the 'Kaiser' class, was taken by surprise. A large number of torpedoes was fired, including some at the second and third ships in the line; those fired at the third ship took effect, and she was observed to blow up. A second attack made twenty minutes later by 'Maenad' (Commander John P. Champion) on the five vessels still remaining, resulted in the fourth ship in the line being also hit.

 

The destroyers were under a heavy fire from the light-cruisers on reaching the rear of the line, but the 'Onslaught' (Lieutenant-Commander Arthur G. Onslow, D.S.C.) was the only vessel which received any material injuries. In the 'Onslaught' Sub-Lieutenant Harry W. A. Kemmis, assisted by Midshipman Reginald G. Arnot, R.N.R., the only executive officers not disabled brought the ship successfully out of action and reached her home port.

 

During the attack carried out by the Eleventh Flotilla, 'Castor' (Commodore James R. P. Hawksley) leading the flotilla, engaged and sank an enemy torpedo boat destroyer at point-blank range.

 

Sir David Beatty reports:

 

(Beatty) "The Thirteenth Flotilla, under the command of Captain James U. Farie, in 'Champion,' took station astern of the battle fleet for the night. At 0.30 a.m. on Thursday, 1st June, a large vessel crossed the rear of the flotilla at high speed. She passed close to 'Petard' and 'Turbulent,' switched on searchlights and opened a heavy fire, which disabled 'Turbulent.' At 3.30 a.m. 'Champion' was engaged for a few minutes with four enemy destroyers. 'Moresby' reports four ships of 'Deutschland' class sighted at 2.35 a.m., at whom she fired one torpedo. Two minutes later an explosion was felt by 'Moresby' and 'Obdurate.'

 

"'Fearless' and the 1st Flotilla were very usefully employed as a submarine screen during the earlier part of the 31st May. At 6.10 p.m., when joining the Battle Fleet, 'Fearless' was unable to follow the battle cruisers without fouling the battleships, and therefore took station at the rear of the line. She sighted during the night a battleship of the 'Kaiser' class steaming fast and entirely alone. She was not able to engage her, but believes she was attacked by destroyers further astern. A heavy explosion was observed astern not long after."

 

(Jellicoe) There were many gallant deeds performed by the destroyer flotillas; they surpassed the very highest expectations that I had formed of them.

 

Apart from the proceedings of the flotillas, the Second Light-cruiser Squadron in the rear of the battle fleet was in close action for about 15 minutes at 10.20 p.m. with a squadron comprising one enemy cruiser and four light cruisers, during which period 'Southampton' and 'Dublin' (Captain Albert C. Scott) suffered rather heavy casualties, although their steaming and fighting qualities were not impaired. The return fire of the squadron appeared to be very effective.

 

'Abdiel,' ably commanded by Commander Berwick Curtis, carried out her duties with the success which has always characterised her work.

 

Proceedings on 1st June.

 

At daylight, 1st June, the battle fleet, being then to the southward and westward of the Horn Reef, turned to the northward in search of enemy vessels and for the purpose of collecting our own cruisers and torpedo-boat destroyers. At 2.30 a.m. Vice-Admiral Sir Cecil Burney transferred his flag from 'Marlborough' to 'Revenge,' as the former ship had some difficulty in keeping up the speed of the squadron. 'Marlborough' was detached by my direction to a base, successfully driving off an enemy submarine attack en route. The visibility early on 1st June (three to four miles) was less than on 31st May, and the torpedo boat destroyers, being out of visual touch, did not rejoin until 9 a.m. The British Fleet remained in the proximity of the battlefield and near the line of approach to German ports until 11 a.m. on 1st June, in spite of the disadvantage of long distances from fleet bases and the danger incurred in waters adjacent to enemy coasts from submarines and torpedo craft. The enemy, however, made no sign, and I was reluctantly compelled to the conclusion that the High Sea Fleet had returned into port. Subsequent events proved this assumption to have been correct. Our position must have been known, to the enemy, as at 4 a.m. the Fleet engaged a Zeppelin for about five minutes, during which time she had ample opportunity to note and subsequently report the position and course of the British Fleet.

 

The waters from the latitude of the Horn Reef to the scene of the action were thoroughly searched, and some survivors from the destroyers 'Ardent' (Lieutenant-Commander Arthur Marsden), 'Fortune' (Lieutenant Commander Frank G. Terry), and 'Tipperary' (Captain (D) Charles J. Wintour), were picked up, and the 'Sparrowhawk' (Lieutenant-Commander Sydney Hopkins), which had been in collision and was no longer seaworthy, was sunk after her crew had been taken off. A large amount of wreckage was seen, but no enemy ships, and at 1.15 p.m., it being evident that the German Fleet had succeeded in returning to port, course was shaped for our bases, which were reached without further incident on Friday, 2nd June. A cruiser squadron was detached to search for 'Warrior,' which vessel had been abandoned whilst in tow of 'Engadine' on her way to the base owing to bad weather setting in and the vessel becoming unseaworthy, but no trace of her was discovered, and a further subsequent search by a light-cruiser squadron having failed to locate her, it is evident that she foundered.

 

Sir David Beatty reports in regard to the ' Engadine ' as follows:

 

(Beatty) "The work of 'Engadine' appears to have been most praiseworthy throughout, and of great value. Lieutenant-Commander C. G. Robinson deserves great credit for the skilful and seamanlike manner in which he handled his ship. He actually towed 'Warrior' for 75 miles between 8.40 p.m., 31st May, and 7.15 a.m., 1st June, and was instrumental in saving the lives of her ship's company."

 

(Jellicoe) I fully endorse his remarks.

 

The Fleet fuelled and replenished with ammunition, and at 9.30 p.m. on 2nd June was reported ready for further action.

 

Losses.

 

The conditions of low visibility under which the day action took place and the approach of darkness enhance the difficulty of giving an accurate report of the damage inflicted or the names of the ships sunk by our forces, but after a most careful examination of the evidence of all officers, who testified to seeing enemy vessels actually sink, and personal interviews with a large number of these officers, I am of opinion that the list shown in the enclosure gives the minimum in regard to numbers, though it is possibly not entirely accurate as regards the particular class of vessel, especially those which were sunk during the night attacks. In addition to the vessels sunk, it is unquestionable that many other ships were very seriously damaged by gunfire and by torpedo attack.

 

I deeply regret to report the loss of H.M. ships 'Queen Mary,' 'Indefatigable’, 'Invincible,' 'Defence,' 'Black Prince,' 'Warrior,' and of H.M. T.B.D.'s 'Tipperary,' 'Ardent,' 'Fortune,' 'Shark,' 'Sparrowhawk,' 'Nestor,' 'Nomad,' and 'Turbulent,' and still more do I regret the resultant heavy loss of life. The death of such gallant and distinguished officers as Rear-Admiral Sir Robert Arbuthnot, Bart., Rear-Admiral The Hon. Horace Hood, Captain Charles F. Sowerby, Captain Cecil I. Prowse, Captain Arthur L. Cay, Captain Thomas P. Bonham, Captain Charles J. Wintour, and Captain Stanley V. Ellis, and those who perished with them, is a serious loss to the Navy and to the country. They led officers and men who were equally gallant, and whose death is mourned by their comrades in the Grand Fleet. They fell doing their duty nobly, a death which they would have been the first to desire.

 

The enemy fought with the gallantry that was expected of him. We particularly admired the conduct of those on board a disabled German light-cruiser which passed down the British line shortly after deployment, under a heavy fire, which was returned by the only gun left in action.

 

The Personnel of the Fleet.

 

The conduct of officers and men throughout the day and night actions was entirely beyond praise. No words of mine could do them justice. On all sides it is reported to me that the glorious traditions of the past were most worthily upheld - whether in heavy ships, cruisers, light-cruisers, or destroyers - the same admirable spirit prevailed. Officers and men were cool and determined, with a cheeriness that would have carried them through anything. The heroism of the wounded was the admiration of all.

 

I cannot adequately express the pride with which the spirit of the Fleet filled me.

 

Details of the work of the various ships during action have now been given. It must never be forgotten, however, that the prelude to action is the work of the engine-room department, and that during action the officers and men of that department perform their most important duties without the incentive which a knowledge of the course of the action gives to those on deck. The qualities of discipline and endurance are taxed to the utmost under these conditions, and they were, as always, most fully maintained throughout the operations under review. Several ships attained speeds that had never before been reached, thus showing very clearly their high state of steaming efficiency. Failures in material were conspicuous by their absence, and several instances are reported of magnificent work on the part of the engine-room departments of injured ships.

 

The artisan ratings also carried out much valuable work during and after the action; they could not have done better.

 

The work of the medical officers of the Fleet, carried out very largely under the most difficult conditions, was entirely admirable and invaluable. Lacking in many cases all the essentials for performing critical operations, and with their staff seriously depleted by casualties, they worked untiringly and with the .greatest success. To them we owe a deep debt of gratitude. 

 

It will be seen that the hardest fighting fell to the lot of the Battle-cruiser Fleet (the units of which were less heavily armoured than their opponents), the Fifth Battle Squadron, the First Cruiser Squadron, Fourth Light Cruiser Squadron and the Flotillas. This was inevitable under the conditions, and the squadrons and flotillas mentioned as well as the individual vessels composing them were handled with conspicuous ability, as were also the 1st, 2nd and 4th Squadrons of the Battle Fleet and the 2nd Cruiser Squadron.

 

I desire to place on record my high appreciation of the manner in which all the vessels were handled. The conditions were such as to call for great skill and ability, quick judgment and decisions, and this was conspicuous throughout the day.

 

I beg also to draw special attention to the services rendered by Vice-Admiral Sir Cecil Burney (Second in Command of the Grand Fleet), Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas Jerram, Vice-Admiral Sir Doveton Sturdee, Rear-Admiral Hugh Evan-Thomas, Rear-Admiral Alexander L. Duff, Rear-Admiral Arthur C. Leveson and Rear-Admiral Ernest F. A. Gaunt, commanding squadrons or divisions in the Battle Fleet. They acted throughout with skill and judgment. Sir Cecil Burney's squadron owing to its position was able to see more of the enemy Battle Fleet than the other battle squadrons, and under a leader who has rendered me most valuable and loyal assistance at all times the squadron did excellent work. The magnificent squadron commanded by Rear-Admiral Evan-Thomas formed a support of great value to Sir David Beatty during the afternoon, and was brought into action in rear of the Battle Fleet in the most judicious manner in the evening.

 

Sir David Beatty once again showed his fine qualities of gallant leadership, firm determination and correct strategic insight. He appreciated the situations at once on sighting first the enemy's lighter forces, then his battlecruisers and finally his battle fleet. I can fully sympathise with his feelings when the evening mist and fading light robbed the Fleet of that complete victory for which he had manoeuvred, and for which the vessels in company with him had striven so hard. The services rendered by him, not only on this, but on two previous occasions, have been of the very greatest value.

 

Sir David Beatty brings to my notice the brilliant support afforded him by Rear-Admiral Hugh Evan-Thomas; the magnificent manner in which Rear-Admiral The Hon. Horace Hood brought his squadron into action, the able support afforded him by Rear-Admiral William C. Pakenham and Rear-Admiral Osmond de B. Brock, and the good work performed by the Light-cruiser Squadrons under the command respectively of Rear-Admiral Trevylyan D. W. Napier, Commodore William E. Goodenough and Commodore Edwyn S. Alexander-Sinclair. He states that on every occasion these officers anticipated his wishes and used their forces to the best possible effect.

 

I most fully endorse all his remarks, and I forward also the following extract from his report regarding the valuable services rendered by his staff:

 

(Beatty) ''I desire to record and bring to your notice the great assistance that I received on a day of great anxiety and strain from my Chief of the Staff, Captain Rudolf W. Bentinck, whose good judgment was of the greatest help. He was a tower of strength. My Flag-Commander, the Hon. Reginald A. R. Plunkett, was most valuable in observing the effect of our fire, thereby enabling me to take advantage of the enemy's discomfiture; my Secretary, Frank T. Spickernell, who made accurate notes of events as they occurred, which proved of the utmost value in keeping the situation clearly before me; my Flag Lieutenant-Commander Ralph F. Seymour, who maintained efficient communications under the most difficult circumstances despite the fact that his signalling appliances were continually shot away. All these officers carried out their duties with great coolness on the manoeuvring platform, where they were fully exposed to the enemy's fire."

 

(Jellicoe) I cannot close this despatch without recording the brilliant work of my Chief of the Staff, Vice-Admiral Sir Charles Madden, K.C.B., C.V.O. Throughout a period of 21 months of war his services have been of inestimable value. His good judgment, his long experience in fleets, special gift for organisation, and his capacity for unlimited work, have all been of the greatest assistance to me, and have relieved me of much of the anxiety inseparable from the conduct of the Fleet during the war. In the stages leading up to the Fleet Action and during and after the action he was always at hand to assist, and his judgment never at fault. I owe him more than I can say.

 

My special thanks are due also to Commodore Lionel Halsey, C.M.G., the Captain of the Fleet, who also assists me in the working of the fleet at sea, and to whose good organisation is largely due the rapidity with which the fleet was fuelled and replenished with ammunition on return to its bases. He was of much assistance to me during the action.

 

Commander Charles M. Forbes, my flag commander, and Commander Roger M. Bellairs, of my Staff, plotted the movements of the two fleets with rapidity and accuracy as reports were received; Commander the Hon. Matthew R. Best, M.V.O., of my Staff, acted as observer aloft throughout the action, and his services were of value. These officers carried out their duties with much efficiency during the action.

 

The signals were worked with smoothness and rapidity by Commander Alexander R. W. Woods, assisted by the other signal officers, and all ships responded remarkably well under difficult conditions. The signal departments in all ships deserve great credit for their work. My Flag-Lieutenant, Lieutenant-Commander Herbert Fitzherbert, was also of much service to me throughout the action.

 

The high state of efficiency of the W/T arrangements of the fleet, and the facility with which they were worked before, during and after the action, is a great testimony to the indefatigable work carried out by Commander Richard L. Nicholson. Has services have been invaluable throughout the war.

 

A special word of praise is due to the wireless departments in all ships.

 

My Secretaries, Fleet Paymasters Hamnet H. Share, C.B., and Victor H. T. Weekes, recorded with accuracy salient features of the action. Their records have been of much assistance.

 

To the Master of the Fleet, Captain Oliver E. Leggett, I am indebted for the accuracy with which he kept the reckoning throughout the operations.

 

In a separate despatch I propose to bring to the notice of their Lordships the names of officers and men all of whom did not come under my personal observation, but who had the opportunity of specially distinguishing themselves.

 

I append the full text of Sir David Beatty's report to me, from which, as will be seen, I have made copious extracts in order to make my narrative continuous and complete.

 

I am, Sir, Your obedient Servant,

J. R. JELLICOE, Admiral, Commander-in-Chief.

 

NOTE.-The list of ships and commanding officers which took part in the action has been withheld from publication for the present in accordance with practice.

 

[ENCLOSURE.]

 

List of Enemy Vessels put out of action, 31, May-1 June, 1916.

 

Battleships or Battle-cruisers.

 

2 Battleships, "Dreadnought " type.

1 Battleship, "Deutschland " type.  (Seen to sink.)

1 Battle-cruiser. (Sunk - 'Lützow' admitted by Germans.)

1 Battleship, "Dreadnought" type.

1 Battle-cruiser. (Seen to be so severely damaged as to render it extremely doubtful if they could reach port.)

 

Light-cruisers.

 

5 Light-cruisers. (Seen to sink; one of them had the appearance of being a larger type, and might have been a battleship.)

 

Torpedo-boat Destroyers.

 

6 Torpedo-boat Destroyers. (Seen to sink.)

3 Torpedo-boat Destroyers. (Seen to be so severely damaged as to render it extremely doubtful if they could reach port.)

 

Submarines.

 

1 Submarine. (Sunk.)

________

 

"Lion," 19th June, 1916.

 

(Note: the sections of Admiral Beatty’s despatch that were included in Admiral Jellicoe’s have been italicised)

 

Sir,-I have the honour to report that at 2.37 p.m. on 31st May, 1916, I was cruising and steering to the northward to join your Flag.

 

The Light Cruiser Screen was disposed from E. to W.

 

At 2.20 p.m. reports were received from 'Galatea' (Commodore Edwyn S. Alexander-Sinclair, M.V.O., A.D.C.) indicating the presence of enemy vessels. The direction of advance was immediately altered to S.S.E., the course for Horn Reef, so as to place my force between the enemy and his base. At 2.35 p.m. a considerable amount of smoke was sighted to the eastward. This made it clear that the enemy was to the northward and eastward, and that it would be impossible for him to round the Horn Reef without being brought to action. Course was accordingly altered to the eastward, and subsequently to north-eastward, the enemy being sighted at 3.31 p.m. Their force consisted of five battle cruisers.

 

After the first reports of the enemy the 1st and 3rd Light Cruiser Squadrons changed their direction, and, without waiting for orders, spread to the east, thereby forming a screen in advance of the Battle Cruiser Squadrons and 5th Battle Squadron by the time we had hauled up to the course of approach. They engaged enemy light cruisers at long range. In the meantime the 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron had come in at high speed, and was able to take station ahead of the battle cruisers by the time we turned to E.S.E., the course on which we first engaged the enemy. In this respect the work of the Light Cruiser Squadrons was excellent and of great value.

 

From a report from 'Galatea' at 2.25 p.m. it was evident that the enemy force was considerable, and not merely an isolated unit of light cruisers, so at 2.45 p.m. I ordered 'Engadine' (Lieutenant-Commander C. G. Robinson) to send up a seaplane and scout to N.N.E. This order was carried out very quickly, and by 3.8 p.m. a seaplane, with Flight Lieutenant F. J. Rutland, R.N., as pilot, and Assistant Paymaster G. S. Trewin, R.N., as observer, was well under way; her first reports of the enemy were received in 'Engadine' about 3.30 p.m. Owing to clouds it was necessary to fly very low, and in order to identify four enemy light cruisers the seaplane had to fly at a height of 900 ft. within 3,000 yards of them, the light cruisers opening fire on her with every gun that would bear. This in no way interfered with the clarity of their reports, and both Flight Lieutenant Rutland and Assistant Paymaster Trewin are to be congratulated on their achievement, which indicates that seaplanes under such circumstances are of distinct value.

 

At 3.30 p.m. I increased speed to 25 knots and formed line of battle, the 2nd Battle Cruiser Squadron forming astern of the 1st Battle Cruiser Squadron, with destroyers of the 13th and 9th Flotillas taking station ahead. I turned to E.S.E., slightly converging on the enemy, who were now at a range of 23,000 yards, and formed the ships on a line of bearing to clear the smoke. The 5th Battle Squadron, who had conformed to our movements, were now bearing N.N.W., 10,000 yards. The visibility at this time was good, the sun behind us and the wind S.E. Being between the enemy and his base, our situation was both tactically and strategically good.

 

At 3.48 p.m. the action commenced at a range of 18,500 yards, both forces opening fire practically simultaneously. Course was altered to the southward, and subsequently the mean direction was S.S.E., the enemy steering a parallel course distant about 18,000 to 14,500 yards.

 

At 4.8 p.m. the 5th Battle Squadron came into action and opened fire at a range of 20,000 yards. The enemy's fire now seemed to slacken. The destroyer 'Landrail' (Lieutenant- Commander Francis E. H. G. Hobart), of the 9th Flotilla, which was on our port beam, trying to take station ahead, sighted the periscope of a submarine on her port quarter. Though causing considerable inconvenience from smoke, the presence of 'Lydiard' (Commander Malcolm L. Goldsmith) and 'Landrail' undoubtedly preserved the battlecruisers from closer submarine attack. 'Nottingham ' (Captain Charles B. Miller) also reported a submarine on the starboard beam.

 

Eight destroyers of the 13th Flotilla, 'Nestor' (Commander the Hon. Edward B. S. Bingham), 'Nomad' (Lieutenant-Commander Paul Whitfield), 'Nicator' (Lieutenant Jack E. A. Mocatta), 'Narborough' (Lieutenant-Commander Geoffrey Corlett), 'Pelican' (Lieutenant-Commander Kenneth A. Beattie), 'Petard' (Lieutenant-Commander Evelyn C. O. Thomson), 'Obdurate ' (Lieutenant-Cecil H. H. Sams), 'Nerissa' (Lieutenant-Commander Montague C. B. Legge), with 'Moorsom' (Commander John C. Hodgson) and 'Morris' (Lieutenant-Commander Edward S. Graham), of 10th Flotilla, 'Turbulent' (Lieutenant-Commander Dudley Stuart), 'Termagant' (Lieutenant-Commander Cuthbert P. Blake), of the 9th Flotilla, having been ordered to attack the enemy with torpedoes when opportunity offered, moved out at 4.15 p.m. simultaneously with a similar movement on the part of the enemy's destroyers. The attack was carried out in the most gallant manner and with great determination. Before arriving at a favourable position to fire torpedoes they intercepted an enemy force consisting of a light cruiser and 15 destroyers. A fierce engagement ensued at close quarters, with the result that the enemy were forced to retire on their battle-cruisers, having lost two destroyers sunk and having their torpedo attack frustrated. Our destroyers sustained no loss in this engagement, but their attack on the enemy battle-cruisers was rendered less effective owing to some of the destroyers having dropped astern during the fight. Their position was therefore unfavourable for torpedo attack.

 

'Nestor,' 'Nomad' and 'Nicator,' gallantly led by Commander Hon. E. B. S. Bingham, of 'Nestor,' pressed home their attack on the battle-cruisers and fired two torpedoes at them, being subjected to a heavy fire from the enemy's secondary armament. 'Nomad' was badly hit and apparently remained stopped between the lines. Subsequently 'Nestor' and 'Nicator' altered course to the S.E., and in a short time, the opposing battlecruisers having turned 16 points, found themselves within close range of a number of enemy battleships. Nothing daunted, though under a terrific fire, they stood on, and their position being favourable for torpedo attack, fired a torpedo at the second ship of the enemy line at a range of 3,000 yards. Before they could fire their fourth torpedo 'Nestor' was badly hit and swung to starboard, 'Nicator' altering course inside her to avoid collision and thereby being prevented from firing the last torpedo. 'Nicator' made good her escape, and subsequently rejoined the Captain D, 13th Flotilla. 'Nestor' remained stopped, but was afloat when last seen. 'Moorsom ' also carried out an attack on the enemy's Battle Fleet.

 

'Petard,' 'Nerissa,' 'Turbulent' and 'Termagant' also pressed home their attack on the enemy battle-cruisers, firing torpedoes after the engagement with enemy destroyers. 'Petard' reports that all her torpedoes must have crossed the enemy's line, while 'Nerissa' states that one torpedo appeared to strike the rear ship. These destroyer attacks were indicative of the spirit pervading His Majesty's Navy, and were worthy of its highest traditions. I propose to bring to your notice a recommendation of Commander Bingham and other Officers for some recognition of their conspicuous gallantry.

 

From 4.15 to 4.43 p.m. the conflict between the opposing battle-cruisers was of a very fierce and resolute character. The 5th Battle Squadron was engaging the enemy's rear ships, unfortunately at very long range. Our fire began to tell, the accuracy and rapidity of that of the enemy depreciating considerably. At 4.18 p.m. the third enemy ship was seen to be on fire. The visibility to the north-eastward had become considerably reduced, and the outline of the ships very indistinct.

 

At 4.38 p.m. 'Southampton' (Commodore William E. Goodenough, M.V.O., A.D.C.) reported the enemy's Battle Fleet ahead. The destroyers were recalled, and at 4.42 p.m. the enemy's Battle Fleet was sighted S.E. Course was altered 16 points in succession to starboard, and I proceeded on a northerly course to lead them towards the Battle Fleet. The enemy battle-cruisers altered course shortly afterwards, and the action continued. 'Southampton,' with the 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron, held on to the southward to observe. They closed to within 13,000 yards of the enemy Battle Fleet, and came under a very heavy but ineffective fire. 'Southampton's' reports were most valuable. The 5th Battle Squadron were now closing on an opposite course and engaging the enemy battle-cruisers with all guns. The position of the enemy Battle Fleet was communicated to them, and I ordered them to alter course 16 points. Led by Rear-Admiral Evan-Thomas in 'Barham' (Captain Arthur W. Craig), this squadron supported us brilliantly and effectively.

 

At 4.57 p.m. the 5th Battle Squadron turned up astern of me and came under the fire of the leading ships of the enemy Battle Fleet. 'Fearless' (Captain (D) Charles O. Roper), with the destroyers of 1st Flotilla, joined the battle-cruisers and, when speed admitted, took station ahead. 'Champion' (Captain (D) James U. Farie), with 13th Flotilla, took station on the 5th Battle Squadron. At 5 p.m. the 1st and 3rd Light Cruiser Squadrons, which had been following me on the southerly course, took station on my starboard bow; the 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron took station on my port quarter.

 

The weather conditions now became unfavourable, our ships being silhouetted against a clear horizon to the westward, while the enemy were for the most part obscured by mist, only showing up clearly at intervals. These conditions prevailed until we had turned their van .at about 6 p.m. Between 5 and 6 p.m. the action continued on a northerly course, the range being about 14,000 yards. During this time the enemy received very severe punishment, and one of their battle-cruisers quitted the line in a considerably damaged condition. This came under my personal observation, and was corroborated by 'Princess Royal' (Captain Walter H. Cowan, M.V.O., D.S.O.) and 'Tiger' (Captain Henry B. Pelly, M.V.O.). Other enemy ships also showed signs of increasing injury. At 5.5 p.m. 'Onslow' (Lieutenant-Commander John C. Tovey), and 'Moresby' (Lieutenant-Commander Roger V. Alison), who had been detached to assist 'Engadine' with the seaplane, rejoined the Battle Cruiser Squadrons, and took station on the starboard (engaged) bow of 'Lion' (Captain Alfred E. M. Chatfield, C.V.O.). At 5.10 p.m. 'Moresby,' being 2 points before the beam of the leading enemy ship, fired a torpedo at a ship in their line. Eight minutes later she observed a hit with a torpedo on what was judged to be the sixth ship in the line. 'Moresby' then passed between the lines to clear the range of smoke and rejoined 'Champion.' In corroboration of this 'Fearless' reports having seen an enemy heavy ship heavily on fire at about 5.10 p.m. and shortly afterwards a huge cloud of smoke and steam.

 

At 5.35 p.m. our course was N.N.E., and the estimated position of the Battle Fleet was N. 16 W., so we gradually hauled to the north-eastward, keeping the range of the enemy at 14,000 yards. He was gradually hauling to the eastward, receiving severe punishment at the head of his line, and probably acting on information received from his light cruisers, which had sighted, and were engaged with, the Third Battle Cruiser Squadron. Possibly Zeppelins were present also. At 5.50 p.m. British cruisers were sighted on the port bow, and at 5.56 p.m. the leading battleships of the Battle Fleet, bearing north 5 miles. I thereupon altered course to east, and proceeded at utmost speed. This brought the range of the enemy down to 12,000 yards. I made a report to you (Jellicoe) that the enemy battle-cruisers bore south-east. At this time only three of the enemy battle-cruisers were visible, closely followed by battleships of the 'Koenig ' class.

 

At about 6.5 p.m. 'Onslow,' being on the engaged bow of  'Lion,' sighted an enemy light cruiser at a distance of 6,000 yards from us, apparently endeavouring to attack with torpedoes. 'Onslow' at once closed and engaged her, firing 58 rounds at a range of from 4,000 to 2,000 yards, scoring a number of hits. 'Onslow' then closed the enemy battle-cruisers, and orders were given for all torpedoes to be fired. At this moment she was struck amidships by a heavy shell, with the result that only one torpedo was fired. Thinking that all his torpedoes had gone, the commanding officer proceeded to retire at slow speed. Being informed that he still had three torpedoes, he closed the light cruiser previously engaged, and torpedoed her. The enemy's Battle Fleet was then sighted, and the remaining torpedoes were fired at them, and must have crossed the enemy's track. Damage then caused 'Onslow' to stop.

 

At 7.15 p.m. 'Defender' (Lieutenant-Commander Lawrence R. Palmer), whose speed had been reduced to 10 knots while on the disengaged side of the battle-cruisers by a 12- inch shell, which damaged her foremost boiler, closed 'Onslow' and took her in tow. Shells were falling all round them during this operation, which, however, was successfully accomplished. During the heavy weather of the ensuing night the tow parted twice, but was resecured. The two struggled on together until 1 p.m. 1st June, when 'Onslow' was transferred to tugs. I consider the performances of these two destroyers to be gallant in the extreme, and I am recommending Lieut.-Commander J. C. Tovey of 'Onslow' and Lieut.-Commander L. R. Palmer of 'Defender' for special recognition. ' Onslow' was possibly the destroyer referred to by Rear-Admiral Commanding 3rd Light Cruiser Squadron as follows :'' Here I should like to bring to your notice the action of a destroyer (name unknown) which we passed close in a disabled condition soon after 6 p.m. She apparently was able to struggle ahead again and made straight for the 'Derfflinger' to attack her."

 

At 6.20 p.m. the Third Battle Cruiser Squadron appeared ahead, steaming South towards the enemy's van. I ordered them to take station ahead, which was carried out magnificently, Rear-Admiral Hood bringing his squadron into action ahead in a most inspiring manner, worthy of his great naval ancestors. At 6.25 p.m. I altered course to the E.S.E. in support of the Third Battle Cruiser Squadron, who were at this time only 8,000 yards from the enemy's leading ship. They were pouring a hot fire into her and caused her to turn to the Westward of South. At the same time I made a report to you of the bearing and distance of the enemy Battle Fleet.

 

By 6.50 p.m. the battle cruisers were clear of our leading Battle Squadron then bearing about N.N.W. 3 miles1 from 'Lion,' and I ordered the 3rd Battle Cruiser Squadron to prolong the line astern and reduced to 18 knots. The visibility at this time was very indifferent, not more than 4 miles, and the enemy ships were temporarily lost sight of. It is interesting to note that after 6 p.m., although the visibility became reduced, it was undoubtedly more favourable to us than to the enemy. At intervals their ships showed up clearly, enabling us to punish them very severely and establish a definite superiority over them. From the reports of other ships and my own observation it was clear that the enemy suffered considerable damage, battle-cruisers and battleships alike. The head of their line was crumpled up, leaving battleships as targets for the majority of our battle cruisers. Before leaving us the 5th Battle Squadron was also engaging battleships. The report of Rear-Admiral Evan-Thorn as shows that excellent results were obtained, and it can be safely said that his magnificent squadron wrought great execution.

 

From the report of Rear-Admiral T. D. W. Napier, M.V.O., the 3rd Light Cruiser Squadron, which had maintained its station on our starboard bow well ahead of the enemy, at 6.25 p.m. attacked with the torpedo. 'Falmouth' (Captain John D. Edwards) and 'Yarmouth' (Captain Thomas D. Pratt) both fired torpedoes at the leading enemy battle-cruiser, and it is believed that one torpedo hit, as a heavy underwater explosion was observed. The 3rd Light Cruiser Squadron then gallantly attacked the heavy ships with gunfire, with impunity to themselves, thereby demonstrating that the fighting efficiency of the enemy had been seriously impaired. Rear-Admiral Napier deserves great credit for his determined and effective attack. 'Indomitable' (Captain Francis W. Kennedy) reports that about this time one of the 'Derfflinger' class fell out of the enemy's line.

 

At 7.6 p.m. I received a signal from you that the course of the Fleet was South. Subsequently signals were received up to 8.46 p.m. showing that the course of the Battle Fleet was to the South-westward. Between 7 and 7.12 p.m. we hauled round gradually to S.W. by S. to regain touch with the enemy, and at 7.14 p.m. again sighted them at a range of about 15,000 yards. The ships sighted at this time were two battle-cruisers and two battleships, apparently of the 'Koenig' class. No doubt more continued the line to the Northward, but that was all that could be seen. The visibility having improved considerably as the sun descended below the clouds, we re-engaged at 7.17 p.m. and increased speed to 22 knots. At 7.32 p.m. my course was S.W., speed 18 knots, the leading enemy battleship bearing N.W. by W. Again after a very short time the enemy showed signs of punishment, one ship being on fire, while another appeared to drop right astern. The destroyers at the head of the enemy's line emitted volumes of grey smoke, covering their capital ships as with a pall, under cover of which they turned away, and at 7.45 p.m. we lost sight of them.

 

At 7.58 p.m. I ordered the 1st and 3rd Light Cruiser Squadrons to sweep to the Westward and locate the head of the enemy's line, and at 8.20 p.m. we altered course to West in support. We soon located two battle-cruisers and battleships, and were heavily engaged at a short range of about 10,000 yards. The leading ship was hit repeatedly by 'Lion,' and turned away 8 points, emitting very high flames and with a heavy list to port. 'Princess Royal' set fire to a three-funnelled battleship; 'New Zealand' (Captain John F. E Green) and 'Indomitable' report that the third ship, which they both engaged, hauled out of the line heeling over and on fire. The mist which now came down enveloped them, and 'Falmouth' reported they were last seen at 8.38 p.m. steaming to the Westward.

 

At 8.40 p.m. all our battle-cruisers felt a heavy shock as if struck by a mine or torpedo, or possibly sunken wreckage. As, however, examination of the bottoms reveals no sign of such an occurrence, it is assumed that it indicated the blowing up of a great vessel.

 

I continued on a south-westerly course with my light cruisers spread until 9.24 p.m. Nothing further being sighted, I assumed that the enemy were to the North-westward, and that we had established ourselves well between him and his base. 'Minotaur' (Captain. Arthur C. S. H. D'Aeth) was at this time bearing North 5 miles, and I asked her the position of the leading Battle Squadron of the Battle Fleet. Her reply was that it was not in sight, but was last seen bearing N.N.E. I kept you informed of my position, course and speed, also of the bearing of the enemy.

 

In view of the gathering darkness, and of the fact that our strategical position was such as to make it appear certain that we should locate the enemy at daylight under most favourable circumstances, I did not consider it desirable or proper to close the enemy Battle Fleet during the dark hours. I therefore concluded that I should be carrying out your wishes by turning to the course of the Fleet, reporting to you that I had done so.

 

The 13th Flotilla, under the command of Captain James U. Farie, in 'Champion' took station astern of the Battle Fleet for the night. At 0.30 a.m. on Thursday, 1st June, a large vessel crossed the rear of the flotilla at high speed. She passed close to 'Petard' and 'Turbulent,' switched on searchlights, and opened a heavy fire, which disabled 'Turbulent.' At 3.30 a.m. 'Champion' was engaged for a few minutes, with four enemy destroyers. 'Moresby' reports four ships of 'Deutschland' class sighted at 2.35 a.m., at whom she fired one torpedo. Two minutes later an explosion was felt by 'Moresby' and 'Obdurate.'

 

'Fearless' and the 1st Flotilla were very usefully employed as a submarine screen during the earlier part of the 31st May. At 6.10 p.m., when joining the Battle Fleet, ' Fearless' was unable to follow the battle cruisers without fouling the battleships, and therefore took station at the rear of the line. She sighted during the night a battleship of the ' Kaiser ' class steaming fast and entirely alone. She was not able to engage her, but believes she was attacked by destroyers further astern. A heavy explosion was observed astern not long after.

 

The 1st and 3rd Light Cruiser Squadrons were almost continuously in touch with the battle cruisers, one or both squadrons being usually ahead. In this position they were of great value. They very effectively protected the head of our line from torpedo attack by light cruisers or destroyers, and were prompt in helping to regain touch when the enemy's line was temporarily lost sight of. The 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron was at the rear of our battle line during the night, and at 9 p.m. assisted to repel a destroyer attack on the 5th Battle Squadron. They were also heavily engaged at 10.20 p.m. with five enemy cruisers or light cruisers, 'Southampton' and 'Dublin' (Captain Albert C. Scott) suffering severe casualties during an action lasting about 15 minutes. 'Birmingham' (Captain Arthur A. M. Duff), at 11.30 p.m., sighted two or more heavy ships steering South. A report of this was received by me at 11.40 p.m. as steering W.S.W. They were thought at the time to be battle cruisers, but it is since considered that they were probably battleships.

 

The work of 'Engadine' appears to have been most praiseworthy throughout, and of great value. Lieutenant-Commander C. G. Robinson deserves great credit for the skilful and seamanlike manner in which he handled his ship. He actually towed 'Warrior' for 75 miles between 8.40 p.m., 31st May, and 7.15 a.m., 1st June, and was instrumental in saving the lives of her ship's company.

 

It is impossible to give a definite statement of the losses inflicted on the enemy. The visibility was for the most part low and fluctuating, and caution forbade me to close the range too much with my inferior force.

 

A review of all the reports which I have received leads me to conclude that the enemy's losses were considerably greater than those which we had sustained, in spite of their superiority, and included battleships, battlecruisers, light cruisers, and destroyers.

 

This is eloquent testimony to the very high standard of gunnery and torpedo efficiency of His Majesty's Ships. The control and drill remained undisturbed throughout, in many cases despite heavy damage to material and personnel. Our superiority over the enemy in this respect was very marked, their efficiency becoming rapidly reduced under punishment, while ours was maintained throughout.

 

As was to be expected, the behaviour of the ships' companies under the terrible conditions of a modern sea battle was magnificent without exception. The strain on their moral was a severe test of discipline and training. Officers and men were imbued with one thought, the desire to defeat the enemy. The fortitude of the wounded was admirable. A report from the Commanding Officer of 'Chester' gives a splendid instance of devotion to duty. Boy (1st class) John Travers Cornwell, of 'Chester,' was mortally wounded early in the action. He nevertheless remained standing alone at a most exposed post, quietly awaiting orders till the end of the action, with the gun's crew dead and wounded all round him. His age was under 16 1/2 years. I regret that he has since died, but I recommend his case for special recognition in justice to his memory, and as an acknowledgment of the high example set by him.

 

In such a conflict as raged continuously for five hours it was inevitable that we should suffer severe losses. It was necessary to maintain touch with greatly superior forces in fluctuating visibility, often very low. We lost 'Invincible,' 'Indefatigable' and 'Queen Mary,' from which ships there were few survivors. The casualties in other ships were heavy, and I wish to express my deepest regret at the loss of so many gallant comrades, officers and men. They died gloriously.

 

Exceptional skill was displayed by the Medical Officers of the Fleet. They performed operations and tended the wounded under conditions of extreme difficulty. In some cases their staff was seriously depleted by casualties, and the inevitable lack of such essentials as adequate light, hot water, &c., in ships damaged by shell fire, tried their skill, resource and physical endurance to the utmost.

 

As usual, the Engine Room Departments of all ships displayed the highest qualities of technical skill, discipline and endurance. High speed is a primary factor in the tactics of the squadrons under my command, and the Engine Room Departments never fail.

 

I have already made mention of the brilliant support afforded me by Rear-Admiral H. Evan-Thomas, M.V.O., and the 5th Battle Squadron, and of the magnificent manner in which Rear-Admiral Hon. H. L. A. Hood, C.B., M.V.O., D.S.O., brought his squadron into action. I desire to record my great regret at his loss, which is a national misfortune. I would now bring to your notice the able support rendered to me by Rear-Admiral W. C. Pakenham, C.B., and Rear-Admiral O. de B. Brock, C.B. In the course of my report I have expressed my appreciation of the good work performed by the Light Cruiser Squadrons under the command respectively of Rear-Admiral T. D. W. Napier, M.V.O., Commodore W. E. Goodenough, M.V.O., and Commodore E. S. Alexander-Sinclair, M.V.O. On every occasion these officers anticipated my wishes, and used their forces to the best possible effect.

 

I desire also to bring to your notice the skill with which their respective ships were handled by the Commanding Officers. With such Flag Officers, Commodores and Captains to support me my task was lightened.

 

The destroyers of the 1st and 13th Flotillas were handled by their respective Commanding Officers with skill, dash and courage. I desire to record my very great regret at the loss of Captains C. F. Sowerby ('Indefatigable'), C. I. Prowse ('Queen Mary'), and A. L. Cay ('Invincible'), all officers of the highest attainments, who can be ill spared at this time of stress.

 

I wish to endorse the report of the Rear-Admiral Commanding the 5th Battle Squadron as to the ability displayed by the Commanding Officers of his squadron.

 

In conclusion, I desire to record and bring to your notice the great assistance that I received on a day of great anxiety and strain from my Chief of the Staff, Captain R. W. Bentinck, whose good judgment was of the greatest help. He was a tower of strength. My Flag Commander, Hon. R. A. R. Plunkett, was most valuable in observing the effect of our fire, thereby enabling me to take advantage of the enemy's discomfiture; my Secretary, F. T. Spickernell, who made accurate notes of events as they occurred, which proved of the utmost value in keeping the situation clearly before me; my Flag Lieutenant, Commander R. F. Seymour, who maintained efficient communications under the most difficult circumstances, despite the fact that his signalling appliances were continually shot away. All these Officers carried out their duties with great coolness on the manoeuvring platform, where they were fully exposed to the enemy's fire.

 

In accordance with your wishes, I am forwarding in a separate letter a full list of Officers and Men whom I wish to recommend to your notice.

 

I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient Servant,

David Beatty, Vice-Admiral. The Commander-in-Chief, Grand Fleet.

 

NOTE. - The list of Ships and Commanding Officers which took part in the action has been withheld from publication for the present in accordance with practice.

 

 

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29751 - 15 SEPTEMBER 1916

 

BATTLE OF JUTLAND - COMMENDATIONS AND AWARDS TO OFFICERS

NAVAL DESPATCH dated 23 August 1916

including Promotions

Also French Gallantry Awards to Royal Navy

 

Admiralty, S.W., 15th September, 1916.

 

The following despatch has been received from Admiral Sir John R. Jellicoe, G.C.B., G.C.V.O., Commander-in-Chief, Grand Fleet:

 

To the Secretary of the Admiralty.

 

"Iron Duke," 23rd August, 1916.

 

SIR,-

With reference to my despatch of 24th June, 1916, I have the honour to bring to the notice of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty the names of the following officers who are recommended for honours and special commendation.

 

Where all carried out their duties so well it is somewhat invidious and difficult to select officers for special recognition. As regards the Flag Officers, I would again draw the attention of their Lordships to the remarks made in that despatch on the subject of their services, and I would recommend for honours:

 

Admiral Sir Cecil Burney, K.C.B., K.C.M.G.

Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas Henry Martyn Jerram, K.C.B.

Vice-Admiral Sir Frederick Charles Doveton Sturdee, Bart., K.C.B., C.V.O., C.M.G.

Vice-Admiral Sir David Beatty, K.C.B., K.C.V.O., D.S.O. (Commanding the Battle Cruiser Fleet).

Rear-Admiral Hugh Evan-Thomas, C.B., M.V.O.

Rear-Admiral Alexander Ludovic Duff, C.B. (Civil).

Rear-Admiral William Christopher Pakenham, C.B., M.V.O.

Rear-Admiral Arthur Cavenagh Leveson, C.B. (Civil).

Rear-Admiral Ernest Frederic Augustus Gaunt, C.M.G.

Rear-Admiral Osmond De Beauvoir Brock, C.B.

 

Although Rear-Admiral Evan-Thomas has but recently received the C.B., I would draw attention to the fact that he commands a Battle Squadron which was closely engaged, and that he is, with the exception of Rear-Admiral Heath, the senior Rear-Admiral in the Grand Fleet.

________

 

Rear-Admiral Herbert Leopold Heath, C.B., M.V.O., would have been recommended for an honour had he not so recently received the C.B.

________

 

Commodore Charles Edward Le Mesurier whose squadron was handled with great ability.

________

 

Rear-Admiral Trevylyan Dacres Willes Napier, C.B., M.V.O., would have been recommended for an honour had he not so recently received the C.B.

 

Rear-Admiral William Edmund Goodenough, C.B., M.V.O., who with great tenacity kept touch with the enemy's battle fleet during the afternoon of 31st May, and

 

Commodore Edwyn Sinclair Alexander-Sinclair, C.B., M.V.O., AdC., who first gained touch with the enemy forces, would have been recommended for an honour had they not so recently received the CB.

________

 

2. THE REMARKS OF THE FLAG OR COMMANDING OFFICERS OF THE SQUADRONS CONCERNED, IN WHICH I CONCUR, HAVE BEEN INSERTED AFTER THE NAMES OF THE OFFICERS RECOMMENDED IN THE FOLLOWING LIST.

________

 

LIST OF OFFICERS RECOMMENDED FOR HONOURS FOR SERVICE IN THE BATTLE OF JUTLAND.

 

Captain Frederic Charles Dreyer, C.B. (Civil), R.N. Commanded and handled the Fleet Flagship most ably during the action. The rapidity with which hitting was established on ships of the enemy's fleet was the result of long and careful organisation and training of the personnel.

 

Commander Geoffrey Blake, R.N. Gunnery and principal control officer of H.M.S. "Iron Duke," whose zeal, knowledge and devotion to duty throughout the war, and coolness and skill in action resulted in severe damage being inflicted by ''Iron Duke's" 13.5-inch guns on a German battleship of the "Koenig" class in the action off the coast of Jutland on 31st May.

 

Remarks of Admiral Sir Cecil Burney.

 

Captain Edmund Percy Fenwick George Grant, R.N. (Commodore, 2nd Class). My Chief of Staff, who afforded me very valuable assistance during the action.

 

Captain George Parish Ross, R.N. My Flag Captain, who helped me greatly during the action. He fought his ship well, and subsequently, after she was torpedoed, successfully took "Marlborough" back to harbour, avoiding attack by two submarines on the way.

 

Captain Lewis Clinton-Baker, R.N. The Senior Captain in the First Battle Squadron at the time of the action. His valuable services are worthy of recognition.

 

Commander Hugh Schomberg Currey, R.N. Executive officer of "Marlborough," whose untiring energy and skilful work greatly assisted in saving the ship after she was torpedoed.

 

Engineer Commander Reginald William Skelton, R.N. A valuable officer whose department during the action reflected credit on his organisation.

 

Fleet Surgeon Henry William Finlayson, M.B., R.N. A zealous and hardworking officer, who organised his department in an efficient manner for the action.

 

Staff Paymaster Herbert Patrick William George Murray, R.N. (Secretary to Second in Command). My Secretary, whose services were most valuable to me during the action.

 

Lieutenant-Commander James Buller Kitson, R.N. My Flag Lieutenant-Commander, who was of very great assistance to me during the action.

 

Remarks of Vice-Admiral Sir Martyn Jerram.

 

Captain Michael Culme-Seymour, M.V.O., R.N. (now Rear-Admiral). Sub-Divisional Leader. An officer of great experience, who handled his sub-division with excellent judgment throughout the action.

 

Captain Hugh Henry Darby Tothill, A.d.C., R.N. Sub-Divisional Leader. Handled his subdivision most skilfully throughout the action, and amply justified the high opinion I have always held of him.

 

Captain Frederick Laurence Field, R.N. Handled "King George V." as leader of the line of battle with great skill under very difficult conditions. His previous good services in the Signal School and "Vernon" are well known.

 

Deputy Inspector-General Robert Forbes Bowie, R.N. Displayed a high degree of ability during the action in the working of the medical department.

 

Engineer Commander William Cory Sanders, R.N. A very capable and zealous officer, who showed great ability throughout the action in the working of the engine-room department.

 

Commander Richard Home, R.N. An officer of great ability, who conned "Orion" throughout the action with ability and skill.

 

Commander John Walsh Carrington, R.N. An officer of great ability, who conned "King George V." throughout the action with good judgment and prompt decision. He was navigating officer of H.M.S. "Inflexible " in the action off the Falkland Islands and in the Dardanelles.

 

Remarks of Vice-Admiral Sir Doveton Sturdee.

 

Captain William Coldingham Masters Nicholson, R.N. (now Rear-Admiral). Took his ship into action in a fine manner, and by the effective gunfire of his command materially assisted in forcing the enemy to retire.

 

Engineer Captain John Richardson, R.N. Was personally responsible for the excellent organisation of the engine-room and stokehold departments in every ship of the squadron. The maximum speeds were obtained in all cases without mishap, though in the older ships the authorised horsepower was exceeded.

 

Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Edwin Collard, R.M.L.I. Very materially assisted in controlling the gunfire of H.M.S. "Benbow" from an exposed position. This officer has seen much war service previously in East and South Africa.

 

Fleet Surgeon Joseph Agnew Moon, R.N. Was responsible for the excellent medical arrangements for dealing with the wounded in H.M.S. "Benbow," which were very efficient.

 

Captain Henry Wise Parker, R.N. Was of great assistance to me as my Flag Captain. He showed great coolness and judgment in his handling of the ship and its fighting power. Captain Parker was Commander of the "Lion" in the Heligoland action of 28th August, 1914.

 

Paymaster Cyril Sheldon Johnson, R.N. Rendered valuable services as my Secretary in keeping records and generally assisting me during the action. His name was mentioned in despatches after the Falkland Islands action.

 

Engineer Commander Robert Spence, R.N. By his general management of the machinery and stokers under his orders in H.M.S. "Vanguard" enabled the ship to be taken into and maintained in action in a most effective manner.

 

Remarks of Rear-Admiral Evan-Thomas.

 

Captain Edward Montgomery Phillpotts, R.N. At a critical time, when the Fifth Battle Squadron was turning to form astern of the battle-fleet, under a heavy fire, "Warspite," owing to a breakdown in her steering gear, turned towards the enemy, and got into a very dangerous position. She was splendidly handled, however, and got away to the northward clear of the enemy's fire. Also when nearing the Firth of Forth, much damaged, she was attacked by three submarines and was handled in such a manner as to get her safely into port. Captain Phillpotts is the senior captain in the ships of the Fifth Battle Squadron which were engaged, and I strongly recommend him for an honour worthy of his great services.

 

Captain Maurice Woollcombe, R.N.

Captain Arthur William Craig, R.N.

 

The Rear-Admiral Commanding reports that the ships under his orders were handled and fought by their Captains in the manner one would expect from those officers and in accordance with the best traditions of the British Navy.

 

Commander Humphrey Thomas Walwyn, R.N. Commander Walwyn, from the moment the first shell struck the ship, managed to be everywhere where attention was necessary in putting out fires, plugging holes, shoring, etc., with the fire brigade and repair parties. Considering the size of the ship and the damage sustained, and also the fact that he was keeping the Captain fully informed of her condition, the work effected by Commander Walwyn in the short space of time was marvellous, and the Captain considers it greatly due to his prompt action that much water was prevented from access into the port wing and main engine rooms.

 

Rev. Anthony Pollen (Roman Catholic Chaplain). The Reverend Anthony Pollen carried men injured by severe burns from the battery deck to the distributing station, he himself being severely burned at the time. Aged 56.

 

Lieutenant. John Gordon Cliff-McCulloch, R.N.R. Lieutenant Cliff-McCulloch was in charge of the port battery, and immediately went across and in a short space of time the fire had been got under and the situation was in hand, and Nos. 1 and 6 6-inch starboard were ready to open fire in ten minutes from the explosion. This is due to the prompt action taken by Lieutenant McCulloch, and his example had undoubtedly a good effect on the large number of very young men stationed there.

 

Commander Henry John Studholme Brownrigg, R.N. Commander Brownrigg took charge of and conducted the operations in connection with dealing with fires and repairs to damage by shell. He was continually in positions of greatest danger, and where the conditions were most trying to the nerves. His example inspired all those under him, and he was largely instrumental in keeping the ship in effective fighting condition to the end of the action, notwithstanding the severe damage from shell fire.

 

Remarks of Rear-Admiral Herbert L. Heath.

 

Captain Eustace La Trobe Leatham, R.N. For the very able and efficient manner in which he handled his ship throughout the action.

 

Captain John Saumarez Dumaresq, M.V.O., R.N. For the very able and efficient manner in which he handled his ship throughout the action.

 

Captain Arthur Cloudesley Shovel Hughes D'Aeth, R.N. For the untiring zeal and energy displayed throughout the action, and during the events preceding and subsequent thereto, when he handled my flagship with marked ability and was of the greatest assistance to me.

 

Engineer Captain Arthur Frederick Kingsnorth, R.N. Engineer Captain of the First Cruiser Squadron - recommended by the Rear-Admiral, Commanding, Second Cruiser Squadron.

 

Commander James Geoffry Penrose Ingham, R.N.

Engineer Commander Henry Walton Kitching, R.N.

 

Remarks of Commodore Charles E. Le Mesurier.

 

Staff Surgeon Bertram Raleigh Bickford, R.N. For great gallantry and devotion to duty in action. This officer, though severely wounded by a shell splinter, persisted in attending to the wounded, only yielding to a direct order from myself to place himself on the sick list.

 

Remarks of Vice-Admiral Sir David Beatty.

 

Captain Rudolf Walter Bentinck, R.N. (Chief of Staff to Vice-Admiral Commanding Battle Cruiser Fleet). For very valuable services in the action and throughout the war.

 

Acting Paymaster Frank Todd Spickernell, R.N. (Secretary to the Vice-Admiral Commanding Battle Cruiser Fleet). For very valuable services in the action and throughout the war.

 

Lieut.-Commander Ralph Frederick Seymour, R.N. (Flag Lieut.-Commander to Vice Admiral Commanding Battle Cruiser Fleet). For very valuable services in the action and throughout the war.

 

Captain Alfred Ernle Montacute Chatfield, C.V.O., C.B., R.N. (Flag Captain to Vice-Admiral Commanding Battle Cruiser Fleet). Commanded and fought my Flagship with great skill and gallantry.

 

Lieutenant-Commander Gerald Fortescue Longhurst, R.N. (now Commander). Gunnery Officer of my Flagship. Controlled the fire of "Lion" with greatest coolness, courage and skill, and inflicted immense damage on the enemy. This is the third time he has controlled the fire of "Lion" in action.

 

Fleet Surgeon Alexander Maclean, M.B., R.N. Performed his exhausting duties with the greatest zeal and courage. The medical staff was seriously depleted by casualties; the wounded and dying had to be dressed under very difficult conditions on the mess deck, which was flooded with a foot of water from damaged fire mains. Fleet Surgeon Maclean has suffered considerably since the action from his devotion to duty.

 

Lieutenant (E.) Stewart Magee Walker, R.N. The command of the mess deck devolved on Lieutenant Walker in the absence on duty of the commander of the ship. He grappled successfully with very difficult and trying situations, putting out extensive fires in a blinding and suffocating atmosphere, saving life from asphyxiation, clearing compartments of water, and flooding magazines.

 

Captain Walter Henry Cowan, M.V.O., D.S.O., R.N. Commanded and fought the "Princess Royal" with great skill and gallantry.

 

Engineer Lieutenant-Commander Albert Arthur Green Martell, R.N. In charge of all fire and salvage parties, and directed and led them with complete success, setting an example of coolness and vigour of action which unquestionably prevented far more serious damage.

 

Artificer Engineer Joseph House, R.N. When the ship was hit and badly damaged, effected repairs to pipes under very difficult circumstances of smoke and darkness, whereby fires were got under which otherwise must have been a very grave danger.

 

Captain Henry Bertram Pelly, M.V.O., R.N. Commanded and fought "Tiger" with great skill and gallantry.

 

Lieutenant Percy Harrison, R.N.V.R. His work with the fire brigade was beyond praise. He was gassed badly, but continued work until noon the next day, clearing debris, etc., and only gave up when his lungs would stand no more, and he was placed on the sick list.

 

Carpenter Lieutenant John Norman Matheson, R.N. Did splendid work below. Although taken to the dressing-station twice, once gassed and once nearly drowned, he insisted on going back to his work, and only rested when ordered by the Commander to do so on the following morning.

 

Captain John Frederick Ernest Green, R.N. Commanded and fought "New Zealand" with great skill and gallantry.

 

Captain Francis William Kennedy, R.N. (now Rear-Admiral). Commanded the Third Battle Cruiser Squadron after the loss of Rear-Admiral Hood, and fought his ship with great skill and gallantry.

 

Captain Edward Henry Fitzhardinge Heaton-Ellis, M.V.O., R.N. Commanded and fought "Inflexible" with great skill and gallantry.

 

Commander Hubert Edward Dannreuther, R.N. The senior of the two surviving officers of the "Invincible." Up till the moment when the ship blew up Commander Dannreuther controlled the fire of "Invincible " in a manner which produced visible and overwhelming results on the enemy.

 

Captain Bertram Sackville Thesiger, C.M.G., R.N. Assumed command of a Light Cruiser Squadron when "Galatea" was temporarily disabled by shell fire, and fought his ship with great skill and gallantry.

 

Captain Charles Blois Miller, R.N. Commanded and fought ''Nottingham'' with great skill and gallantry.

 

Lieutenant Arthur Malcolm Peters, R.N. His coolness and clearness on this occasion, and his constant care and attention in regard to the signals and communications of the squadron during the past three years, enabled the fullest advantage to be taken when reporting the enemy's battle fleet.

 

Commander Malcolm Henry Somerled Macdonald, R.N. For his coolness in the night action, when he extinguished the fires on mess deck, and his prompt action in preventing the fore magazine from being flooded.

 

Captain John Douglas Edwards, R.N. Commanded and fought the "Falmouth " with great skill and gallantry.

 

Captain Edward Bamford, R.M.L.I. In after control when it was blown to pieces by a shell burst. Slightly burnt in face and slightly wounded in leg. Then assisted to work one gun with a much reduced crew, and controlled another gun. Assisted in extinguishing a fire, and in general showed great coolness, power of command, judgment and courage, when exposed to a very heavy fire.

 

Lieutenant Frederick Joseph Rutland, R.N., (Flight Lieut., R.N.A.S.). For his gallantry and persistence in flying within close range of four enemy lightcruisers, in order to enable accurate information to be obtained and transmitted concerning them. Conditions at the time made low flying necessary.

 

Lieutenant-Commander Laurence Reynolds Palmer, R.N. For his gallantry, when his destroyer was disabled, in proceeding to the assistance of "Onslow" and taking her in tow under heavy shell fire. He succeeded in towing her in a heavy sea until relieved by tugs when in sight of land.

 

Lieutenant Jack Ernest Albert Mocatta, R.N. Supported Commander Bingham, of "Nestor," in his gallant action against destroyers, battle-cruisers, and battleships, in the most courageous and effective manner.

 

Lieutenant-Commander Roger Vincent Alison, R.N. For promptness and gallantry in taking advantage of the opportunity of attacking the enemy's vessels with the torpedo on two occasions, as described in my original despatch.

 

Lieutenant-Commander Montague George Bentinck Legge, R.N. Having defeated the enemy destroyers, gallantly pressed home attack with torpedoes on the enemy battle-cruisers.

 

Lieutenant-Commander Cuthbert Patrick Blake, R.N. Having defeated the enemy destroyers, gallantly pressed home attack with torpedoes on the enemy battle-cruisers.

 

Commander the Hon. Edward Barry Stewart Bingham, R.N. (prisoner of war). Recommended for Victoria Cross. For the extremely gallant way in which he led his division in their attack, first on enemy destroyers and then on their battlecruisers. He finally sighted the enemy battle-fleet, and, followed by the one remaining destroyer of his division ("Nicator"), with dauntless courage he closed to within 3,000 yards of the enemy in order to attain a favourable position for firing the torpedoes. While making this attack, "Nestor" and " Nicator" were under concentrated fire of the secondary batteries of the High Sea Fleet. "Nestor" was subsequently sunk.

 

Major Francis John William Harvey, R.M.L.I. Recommended for posthumous Victoria Cross. Whilst mortally wounded and almost the only survivor after the explosion of an enemy shell in "Q" gunhouse, with great presence of mind and devotion to duty ordered the magazine to be flooded, thereby saving the ship. He died shortly afterwards.

 

Remarks of Captain Percy M.R. Royds.

 

Lieutenant-Commander Cecil Charles Brittain Vacher, R.N. For controlling the fire from the ship in the coolest manner from a very exposed position under extremely heavy fire.

 

Lieutenant Cuthbert Coppinger, R.N. For navigating the ship in the coolest manner from a very exposed position under extremely heavy fire.

 

Remarks of Captain Walter L. Allen.

 

Lieutenant-Commander Gordon Alston Coles, R.N. The commander of his division speaks highly of the way he conned his ship. "Ambuscade" fired three torpedoes, and the rapid reloading under fire reflects great credit on all concerned, and proves the ship is in a high state of efficiency.

 

Commander Loftus William Jones, R.N. Recommended for posthumous honour. For fighting his ship until she sank after having been seriously wounded.

 

Acting Sub-Lieutenant Newton James Wallop William-Powlett, R.N. (now Sub- Lieutenant). Very strongly recommended. This officer showed wonderful coolness under most trying circumstances, and his pluck and cheerfulness after the ship sank were certainly the means of saving the lives of several who would otherwise have given in and succumbed. I cannot speak too highly of this young officer's conduct throughout.

 

Surgeon Probationer Douglas George Patrick Bell, R.N.V.R. Devoted great attention to the wounded, and amputated a limb single-handed in the dark.

 

Chief Artificer Engineer Alexander Noble, R.N. Went twice into the after stokehold, but was driven out by steam. Succeeded at the third attempt and shut off auxiliary feed pump and auxiliary stop valve.

 

Remarks of Commodore James R. P. Hawkesley.

 

Staff Surgeon James McAlister Holmes, M.B., R.N. For the very efficient manner in which the wounded were attended to whilst under fire and subsequently.

 

Lieutenant-Commander Henry Ruthven Moore, R.N. For the assistance he gave the Commodore (F), both during the day and night action, and the manner in which he carried out his duties.

 

Commander Harold Ernest Sulivan, R.N. As second in command of the flotilla he manoeuvred his half very ably during the daytime, and at night, when "Castor" could make no signals owing to damage by gunfire, he very ably turned his half-flotilla and kept clear of the first half-flotilla manoeuvring.

 

Remarks of Captain (D) Anselan J. B. Stirling.

 

Commander John Pelham Champion, R.N. Handled his division with great ability whilst in action, and led his division to attack an enemy battle squadron with great gallantry.

 

Lieutenant John Hinton Carrow, R.N. Was on the bridge the whole time during the action and carried out the duties of navigating officer in a most exemplary manner, and was of the greatest assistance to me in keeping me informed of the range and bearing of the enemy, especially during the night attack.

 

Engineer Lieutenant-Commander John Kirk Corsar, R.N. Kept his department in good order and kept the boiler water going in spite of evaporator being semi-disabled most of the time and out of action entirely for some period.

 

Remarks of Captain Berwick Curtis.

 

Engineer Lieutenant-Commander Harold Bertram Tostevin, R.N. This officer's organisation of the engine room department and general energy at all times, keeping the machinery of the ship in a thoroughly efficient state, contributed largely to the success of "Abdiel's" operations on the night of 31st May, observing that the ship proceeded at full speed for over six hours.

 

Staff of the Commander-in-Chief (with remarks of Admiral Sir John Jellicoe).

 

Vice-Admiral Sir Charles Edward Madden, K.C.B., C.V.O. (Chief of the Staff).

Commodore Lionel Halsey, C.B., C.M.G., A.-d.-C. (Captain of the Fleet).

 

The very valuable services of these officers are mentioned in my despatch of the 24th June, 1916. Commodore Halsey would have been recommended for an honour had he not so recently received the C.B.

 

Commander The Hon. Matthew Robert Best, M.V.O., R.N. Has performed valuable staff work during the war and services during the action.

 

Commander Charles Morton Forbes, R.N. My Flag Commander, who has always afforded me great assistance. This officer was Executive Officer of H.M.S. "Queen Elizabeth" during the whole period that ship was employed at the Dardanelles.

 

Commander Alexander Riall Wadham Woods, R.N. Controlled the visual signal work with great coolness and accuracy.

 

Commander Richard Lindsay Nicholson, R.N. Controlled the wireless telegraph work with great coolness and most marked efficiency, and reaped the reward of the excellent organization for which he is responsible.

 

Fleet Paymaster Hamnet Holditch Share, C.B., R.N. (Secretary). I should have recommended my Secretary, Fleet Paymaster Share, for an honour for his invaluable work during the war and his assistance during the action had he not recently been awarded a C.B.

 

Fleet Paymaster Victor Herbert Thomas Weekes, R.N. (Additional Secretary). Has been of great assistance to me during the war and took valuable records throughout the action.

________

 

List of Commanding Officers Recommended for Commendation for Service in the Battle Of Jutland.

 

Captain Vivian Henry Gerald Bernard, R.N.

Captain James Clement Ley, R.N.

Captain Edward Buxton Kiddle, R.N.

Captain Henry Montagu Doughty, R.N.

Captain Crawford Maclachlan, R.N.

Captain William Wordsworth Fisher. M.V.O., R.N.

Captain (Flag Captain) Alfred Dudley Pickman Rogers Pound, R.N.

Captain Arthur Brandreth Scott Dutton, R.N.

Captain The Hon. Victor Albert Stanley, M.V.O., A.d.C., R.N.

Captain James Andrew Fergusson, A.d.C., R.N.

Captain George Holmes Borrett, R.N.

Captain George Henry Baird, R.N.

Captain Louis Charles Stirling Woolloombe, M.V.O., R.N.

Captain (Flag Captain) Oliver Backhouse, C.B., R.N.

Captain Edward Francis Bruen, R.N.

Captain (Acting as Flag Captain) Edmond Hyde Parker, R.N.

Captain Edwin Veale Underbill, R.N.

Captain James Douglas Dick, R.N.

Captain John Moore Casement, R.N.

Captain The Hon. Algernon Douglas Edward Harry Boyle, C.B., M.V.O., R.N.

Captain Henry Blackett, R.N.

Captain Vincent Barkly Molteno, R.N.

Captain Herbert John Savill, R.N.

Captain Henry Ralph Crooke, R.N.

Captain Alan Geoffrey Hotham, R.N.

Captain Cyril Samuel Townsend, R.N.

Captain The Hon. Herbert Meade, D.S.O., R.N.

Captain Percy Molyneux Rawson Royds, R.N.

Captain Albert Charles Scott, R.N.

Captain Robert Neale Lawson, R.N.

Captain Arthur Allan Morison Duff, R.N.

Captain Edward Reeves, R.N.

Captain William Frederick Blunt, D.S.O., R.N.

Captain Thomas Drummond Pratt, R.N.

Captain John Ewen Cameron, M.V.O., R.N.

Captain Tufton Percy Hamilton Beamish, R.N.

Captain James Uchtred Farie, R.N.

Captain Charles Donnison Roper, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Cecil Henry Hulton Sams, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Evelyn Claude Ogilvie Thomson, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Kenneth Adair Beattie, R.N.

Commander Charles Gordon Ramsey, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Arthur Grendon Tippet, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Charles Herbert Neill James, R.N.

Lieutenant Francis George Glossop, R.N.

Commander Charles Albert Fremantle, R.N.

Commander Dashwood Fowler Moir, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Edward Brooke, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Alexander Hugh Gye, R.N.

Commander Malcolm Lennon Goldsmith, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Philip Wilfred Sidney King, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Francis Edward Henry Graham Hobart, R.N.

Lieutenant Henry Dawson Crawford Stanistreet, R.N.

Commander John Coombe Hodgson, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Edward Sidney Graham, R.N.

Commodore James Rose Price Hawkesley, M.V.O., R.N.

Captain Percy Withers, R.N.

Commander Lewis Gonne Eyre Crabbe, R.N.

Commander Walter Lingen Allen (now Captain), R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Arthur Marsden, R.N.

Commander Harold Victor Dundas, R.N.

Commander Claud Finlinson Allsup, R.N.

Acting Commander William Dion Irvin, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Edward McConnell Wyndham Lawrie, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Ralph Vincent Eyre, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Henry Clive Rawlings, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Claude Lindsay Bate, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander (now Commander) Hugh Undecimus Fletcher, R.N.

Captain Anselan John Buchanan Stirling, R.N.

Commander Norton Allen Sulivan, R.N.

Commander Charles Geoffrey Coleridge Sumner, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Henry Victor Hudson, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander John Jackson Cuthbert Ridley, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Reginald Watkins Grubb, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Herbert Inglis Nigel Lyon, R.N.

Commander (now Captain) Berwick Curtis, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Douglas Faviell, M.V.O., R.N.

 

List of Officers Recommended for Commendation for Service in the Battle Of Jutland.

Engineer Commander Herbert Brooks Moorshead, R.N.

Commander Denis Granville Thynne, R.N.

Commander George Knightley Chetwode, R.N.

Commander Alfred Headley Norman, R.N.

Fleet Paymaster Charles Scrivener Wonham, R.N.

Fleet Surgeon Harold Paget Jones, R.N.

Engineer Lieutenant-Commander David Duncan Cuninghame, R.N.

Lieutenant (Flag Lieutenant) David Norman Walter Joel, R.N.

Sub-Lieutenant H.R.H. The Prince Albert, R.N.

Fleet Paymaster John Anthony Keys, R.N.

Major Arthur Phayre Grattan, R.M.L.I.

Commander John Miles Steel, R.N.

Commander Reginald Guy Hannam Henderson, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander (Flag Lieutenant-Commander) Alfred Englefield Evans, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander (Flag Lieutenant-Commander) Martin Edward Scobell Boissier, R.N.

Chaplain Rev. Percy Herbert Jones, M.A., R.N.

Fleet Paymaster William Davenport Sarratt, R.N.

Naval Instructor George Herbert Andrew, M.A., R.N.

Chief Boatswain Henry Valentine Roberts, R.N.

Chief Gunner Michael Hall, R.N.

Chief Artificer Engineer William Alfred Hook, R.N.

Commander Stanley Tunstall Haverfield Wilton, R.N.

Temporary Surgeon Horace Palmer Margetts, R.N.

Commander Geoffrey Herbert Freyberg, R.N.

Midshipman Alec Edward Dodington, R.N.

Lieutenant George Griffiths, R.N.

Chief Gunner Leonard Slight, R.N.

Commander (Flag Commander) Wilfred Allan Egerton, R.N.

Commander Harold Brisbane Bedwell, R.N.

Fleet Surgeon John Hunter Pead, M.B., M.A., R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander (Flag Lieutenant-Commander) Philip Acheson Warre, R.N.

Lieutenant Robert Mends, R.N.

Engineer Commander David Edward Duke, R.N.

Engineer Commander William Reginald Crawford, R.N.

Engineer Commander George Herbert Fletcher, R.N.

Engineer Commander Charles de Faye Messervy, R.N.

Engineer Lieutenant-Commander James Bell Nicholson, R.N.

Lieutenant William Scott Chalmers, R.N.

Lieutenant Edward Richard Busk Kemble, R.N.

Commander Evan Campbell Bunbury, R.N.

Surgeon Horace Elliott Rose Stephens, R.N.

Lieutenant Arthur Leyland Harrison, R.N.

Engineer Commander Mark Rundle, R.N.

Midshipman Nevill Glennie Garnons-Williams, R.N.

Lieutenant (Flag Lieutenant) the Hon. Humphrey Legge, R.N.

Commander Charles Dominick Burke, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Arthur Gerald Harris, R.N.

Fleet Surgeon Arthur Richard Harrie Skey, M.B., R.N.

Artificer Engineer Ernest Thaxter, R.N.

Gunner Richard Francis MacDermott, R.N.

Engineer Commander Cecil Henry Alec Bermingham, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Patrick Macnamara, R.N.

Fleet Surgeon John Reid Muir, M.B., R.N.

Lieutenant Alexander Stuart Mackay, R.N.R.

Lieutenant (Flag Lieutenant) Stewart Dykes Spicer, R.N.

Captain Alexander George William Grierson, R.M.L.I.

Commander Dudley Burton Napier North, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Arthur Douglas Wales Smith, R.N.

Chief Gunner Jesse Hannat Mack, R.N.

Lieutenant Alexander David Boyle, R.N.

Commander Morgan Tindal, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Ralph Benest Janvrin, D.S.O., R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander Ronald Wolseley Oldham, R.N.

Lieutenant Gerald Harman Warner, R.N.

Lieutenant Arthur George Curtis, R.N.

Engineer Commander William Pascho Cunday Spriddle, R.N.

Gunner (T) Henry Jackson Epworth, R.N.

Engineer Lieutenant-Commander William Smith, R.N.

Surgeon Probationer Neil Macleod, R.N.V.R.

Lieutenant Maurice Arthur Brind, R.N.

Engineer Lieutenant-Commander Thomas Johnston Foulkes, R.N.

Gunner Richard Gould, R.N.

Surgeon Probationer Gilbert Blurton, R.N.V.R.

Lieutenant Charles Ernest Hotham, R.N.

Lieutenant Eric Alfred Davis, R.N.

Lieutenant Hew Cockburn Hedderwick, R.N.V.R.

Gunner Charles Henry Young, R.N.

Gunner Thomas McConnell, R.N.

Engineer Lieutenant-Commander Sidney Gordon Wheeler, R.N.

Gunner Frederick Joseph Coulton, R.N.

Surgeon Probationer Carl Knight Cullen, R.N.V.R.

 

Staff of the Commander-in-Chief, Home Fleets.

 

Commander Roger M. Bellairs, R.N.

Paymaster (Secretary to my Chief of Staff) Cunningham Prior, R.N.

Lieutenant-Commander (my Flag Lieutenant-Commander) Herbert Fitzherbert, R.N.

 

I am, Sir, Your obedient Servant,

J. R. JELLICOE, Admiral.

 

 

Click here for Honours, Appointments and Awards to Officers mentioned in the foregoing despatches

 

 

Click here for French Gallantry Awards to Royal Navy, including Battle of Jutland

 

 

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29752 - 15 SEPTEMBER 1916

 

BATTLE OF JUTLAND - AWARDS TO PETTY OFFICERS and MEN

NAVAL DESPATCH dated 15 September 1916