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Royal and Dominion Navies in World War 2

VICTORIA CROSS at SEA, 1940-1945


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The original and inspiring official accounts from "The London Gazette" the British award that takes precedence over all others


Contents

Awards of the Victoria Cross geographically
(right)

By type of Action and Theatre


By Recipients

Addendum, Precedence of the VC  in the List of British Orders, Decorations and Medals 


I am grateful to "The London Gazette" for making the official accounts available on the Internet and I am privileged to have read them.

Gordon Smith, Naval-History.Net.


     

AWARDS OF THE VICTORIA CROSS GEOGRAPHICALLY




by TYPE OF ACTION and THEATRE


click on names for official accounts



by RECIPIENTS

There are links to Warship Histories in many cases


1940

 8th April - Lt Cdr Gerard ROOPE RN, CO HMS Glowworm (right), lost in sinking of ship in action with German heavy cruiser 'Admiral Hipper' off Trondheim. Posthumous award.

The London Gazette, Tuesday 10 July, 1945 - (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the award of the VICTORIA CROSS for valour to:?

The late Lieutenant-Commander Gerard Broadmead Roope Royal Navy.

On the 8th April, 1940, H.M.S. Glowworm was proceeding alone in heavy weather towards a rendezvous in West Fjord, when she met and engaged two enemy destroyers, scoring at least one bit on them. The enemy broke off the action and headed North, to lead the Glowworm on to his sup­porting forces. The Commanding Officer, whilst correctly appreciating the intentions of the enemy, at once gave chase. The German heavy cruiser, Admiral Hipper, was sighted closing the Glowworm at high speed and an enemy report was sent which was received by H.M.S. Renown. Because of the heavy sea, the Glowworm could not shadow the enemy and the Commanding Officer therefore decided to attack with torpedoes and then to close in order to inflict as much damage as possible. Five torpedoes were fired and later the remaining five, but without success. The Glowworm was badly hit; one gun was out of action and her speed was much reduced, but with the other three guns still firing she closed and rammed the Admiral Hipper. As the Glowworm drew away, she opened fire again and scored one hit at a range of 400 yards. The Glowworm, badly stove in forward and riddled with enemy fire, heeled over to starboard, and the Commanding Officer gave the order to abandon her. Shortly afterwards she capsized and sank. The Admiral Hipper hove to for at least an hour picking up survivors but the loss of life was heavy, only 31 out of the Glowworm's complement of 149 being saved.

Full information concerning this action has only recently been received and the VICTORIA CROSS is bestowed in recognition of the great valour of the Commanding Officer who, after fighting off a superior force of destroyers, sought out and reported a power­ful enemy unit, and then fought his ship to the end against overwhelming odds, finally ramming the enemy with supreme coolness

10th April - Capt Bernard WARBURTON-LEE RN, 2nd Destroyer Flotilla, lost in sinking of HMS Hardy during First Battle of Narvik. Posthumous award.

The London Gazette, Friday 7 June, 1940 - (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has, been graciously pleased to approve the grant of the VICTORIA CROSS to the late

Captain Bernard Armitage Warburton Warburton?Lee, Royal Navy. Captain (D), 2nd Destroyer Flotilla, H.M.S. Hardy,

for gallantry, enterprise and daring in command of the Force engaged in the first Battle of Narvik, on the 10h of April, 1940. On being ordered to carry out an attack on Narvik, he learned from Tranoy that the enemy held the place in much greater force than had been thought. He signalled to the Admiralty that the enemy were reported to be holding Narvik in force, that six Destroyers and one Submarine were there, that the channel might be mined, and that he intended to attack at dawn, high water. The Admiralty replied that two Norwegian Coast Defence Ships might be in German hands, that he alone could judge whether to attack, and that whatever decision he made would have full support. Captain

Warburton?Lee gave out the plan for his attack and led his Flotilla of five Destroyers up the Fjord in heavy snowstorms, arriving off Narvik just after daybreak. He took the enemy completely by surprise and made three successful attacks on warships and merchantmen in the harbour. The last attack was made only after anxious debate. On the Flotilla withdrawing, five enemy Destroys of superior gun?power were encountered and engaged. The Captain was mortally wounded by a shell which hit ?Hardy's? bridge. His last signal was ?Continue to engage the enemy."

28th April-2nd May - Lt Cdr Richard STANNARD RNR, CO HMT Arab, 15th Anti-Submarine Striking Force. Awarded Victoria Cross for gallantry under air attack during operations off Namsos.

The London Gazette, Friday 16 August, 1940 - (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the grant of the VICTORIA CROSS to

Lieutenant Richard Been Stannard, R.N.R., H.M.S. Arab, for outstanding valour and signal devotion to duty at Namsos.

When enemy bombing attacks had set on fire many tons of hand grenades on Namsos wharf, with no shore water supply available, Lieutenant Stannard ran Arab's bows against the wharf and held her there. Sending all but two of his crew aft, he then endeavoured for two hours to extin­guish the fire with hoses from the forecastle. He persisted in this work till the attempt had to be given up as hopeless.

After helping other ships against air attacks, he placed his own damaged vessel under shelter of a cliff, landed his crew and those of two other trawlers, and established an armed camp. Here those off duty could rest while he attacked enemy aircraft which approached by day, and kept anti?submarine watch during the night.

When another trawler near?by was hit and set on fire by a bomb, he, with two others, boarded Arab and moved her 100 yards before the other vessel blew up.

Finally, when leaving the fjord, he was attacked by a German bomber which ordered him to steer East or be sunk. He held on his course, reserved his fire till the enemy was within 800 yards, and then brought the aircraft down.

Throughout a period of five days Arab was subjected to 31 bombing attacks and the camp and Lewis gun positions ashore were repeatedly machine?gunned and bombed; yet the defensive position was so well planned that only one man was wounded.

Lieutenant Stannard ultimately brought his damaged ship back to an English port.

His continuous gallantry in the presence of the enemy was magnificent, and his enterprise and resource not only caused losses to the Germans but saved his ship and many lives.

4th July - Leading Seaman Jack MANTLE, gunner, auxiliary AA ship 'Foyle Bank', anchored in Portland Harbour and heavily attacked and sunk by Ju.87 divebombers. Continued in action although mortally wounded. Posthumous award.

The London Gazette, Tuesday 3 September, 1940 - (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the Grant of the VICTORIA CROSS, for valour in action against the enemy, to the late

Acting Leading Seaman Jack Foreman Mantle, P/JX.139070, H.M.S. Foylebank (right sinking - courtesy Eddie Palmer).

Leading Seaman Jack Mantle was in charge of the Starboard pom?pom when FOYLEBANK was attacked by enemy aircraft on the 4th of July, 1940. Early in the action his left leg was shattered by a bomb, but he stood fast at his gun and went on firing with hand-gear only; for the ship's electric power had failed. Almost at once he was wounded again in many places. Between his bursts of fire he had time to reflect on the grievous injuries of which he was soon to die; but his great courage bore him up till the end of the fight, when he fell by the gun he had so valiantly serve.

5th November - Capt Edward FEGEN RN, CO armed merchant cruiser 'Jervis Bay', escorting Halifax/UK convoy HX84. Attacked by German pocket battleship 'Admiral Scheer' in mid-Atlantic. Counter-attacked in defence of the convoy and went down with ship. Posthumous award.

The London Gazette, Friday, 22 November, 1940 - (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the award of the VICTORIA CROSS to the late Commander (acting Captain) Edward Stephen Fogarty Fegen, Royal Navy.

for valour in challenging hopeless odd and giving his life to save the many ships it was his duty to protect.

On the 5th of November, 1940, in heavy seas, Captain Fegen, in His Majesty?s Armed Merchant Cruiser Jervis Bay, was escorting thirty?eight Merchantmen. Sighting a powerful German warship he at once drew clear of the Convoy, made straight for the Enemy, and brought his ship between the Raider and her prey, so that they might scatter and escape. Crippled, in flames, unable to reply, for nearly an hour the Jervis Bay held the German's fire. So she went down: but of the Merchantmen all but four or five were saved.

1941

6th April - Flying Officer Kenneth CAMPBELL RAFVR, Canadian pilot of a Beaufort of 22 Sqn, RAF Coastal Command, torpedoed and badly damaged battlecruiser 'Gneisenau' in Brest before being shot down. Posthumous award.

The London Gazette, Friday 13 March 1942 - (From the Air Ministry)

ROYAL AIR FORCE,

The KING has been graciously pleased to confer the VICTORIA CROSS on the under­mentioned officer in recognition of most con­spicuous bravery:

Flying Officer Kenneth CAMPBELL (72446), Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (de­ceased), No. 22 Squadron.

This officer was the pilot of a Beaufort aircraft of Coastal Command which was detailed to attack an enemy battle cruiser in Brest Harbour at first light on the morning of 6th April, 1941. The aircraft did not return but it is now known that a torpedo attack was carried out with the utmost daring.

The battle cruiser was secured alongside the wall on the north shore of the harbour, protected by a stone mole bending round it from the west. On rising ground behind the ship stood protective batteries of guns. Other batteries were clustered thickly round the two arms of land which encircle the outer harbour. In this outer harbour near the mole were moored three heavily?armed anti­aircraft ships, guarding the battle cruiser. Even if an aircraft succeeded in penetrating these formidable defences, it would be almost impossible, after delivering a low­level attack to avoid crashing into the rising ground beyond.

This was well known to Flying Officer Campbell who, despising the heavy odds, went cheerfully and resolutely to the task. He ran the gauntlet of the defences. Coming in almost at sea level, he passed the anti­aircraft ships at less than mast?height in the very mouths of their guns, and skimming over the mole launched a torpedo at point-­blank range. The battle cruiser was severely damaged below the water?line and was obliged to return to the dock whence she had come only the day before.

By pressing home his attack at close quarters in the face of a withering fire on a course fraught with extreme peril, Flying Officer Campbell displayed valour of the highest order.

18th May - Petty Officer Alfred SEPHTON, AA cruiser HMS Coventry continued to carry out his duties in the director although mortally wounded during heavy air attacks south of Crete. Posthumous award.

The London Gazette, Tuesday, 2 December, 1941 - (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the grant of the VICTORIA CROSS, for valour and fortitude in action against the Enemy on 18th May, 1941, to:

The late Petty Officer Alfred Edward Sephton, F/JX.130821, H.M.S. Coventry.

Petty Officer Sephton was Director Layer when H.M.S. Coventry was attacked by air­craft, whose fire grievously wounded him. In mortal pain and faint from loss of blood he stood fast doing his duty without fault until the Enemy was driven off. Thereafter until his death his valiant and cheerful spirit gave heart to the wounded. His high example inspired his shipmates and will live in their memory.

24th May - Lt Cdr Malcolm WANKLYN RN, CO HMS/M Upholder attacked a strongly escorted troop convoy off Sicily and sank the 18,000-ton liner 'Conte Rosso'. For this and other successful patrols he was awarded the Victoria Cross. Lt Cdr Wanklyn was lost in the sinking of Upholder in April 1942.

The London Gazette, Tuesday 16 December, 1941 - (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the grant of the VICTORIA CROSS for valour and resolution in command of His Majesty's Submarine Upholder, to:

Lieutenant?Commander Malcolm David Wanklyn, D.S.O., Royal Navy.

On the evening of the 24th of May, 1941, while on patrol off the coast of Sicily, Lieutenant?Commander Wanklyn in command of His Majesty's Submarine Upholder, sighted a south?bound enemy troop?convoy, strongly escorted by Destroyers.

The failing light was such that observation by periscope could not be relied on but a surface attack would have been easily seen. Upholder's listening gear was out of action.

In spite of these severe handicaps Lieutenant?Commander Wanklyn decided to press home his attack at short range. He quickly steered his craft into a favour­able position and closed in so as to make sure of his target. By this time the whereabouts of the escorting Destroyers could not be made out. Lieutenant?Commander Wanklyn, while fully aware of the risk of being rammed by one of the escort, continued to press on towards the enemy troop?ships. As he was about to fire, one of the enemy Destroyers appeared out of the darkness at high speed and he only just avoided being rammed. As soon as he was clear, he brought his periscope sights on and fired torpedoes, which sank a large troop?ship. The enemy Destroyers at once made a strong counter­attack and during the next twenty minutes dropped thirty?seven depth?charges near Upholder.

The failure of his listening devices made it much harder for him to get away, but with the greatest courage, coolness and skill he brought Upholder clear of the enemy and safe back to harbour.

Before this outstanding attack, and since being appointed a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order, Lieutenant?Commander Wanklyn had torpedoed a tanker and a merchant vessel.

He has continued to show the utmost bravery in the presence of the enemy. He has carried out his attacks on enemy vessels with skill and relentless determination, and has also sunk one Destroyer, one U?boat, two troop?transports of 19,500 tons each, one tanker and three supply ships. He has besides probably destroyed by torpedoes one Cruiser and one Destroyer, and possibly hit another Cruiser.

1942

12th February - Lt Cdr Eugene ESMOND RN, CO No 825 Sqn FAA attacked heavily defended German battlecruisers 'Scharnhorst' and 'Gneisenau' in the Straits of Dover. No hits were made and all six Swordfish were shot down. Posthumous award.

The London Gazette, Tuesday, 7 June, 1941 - (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the grant of the VICTORIA CROSS, for valour and resolution in action against the Enemy, to:

The late Lieutenant?Commander (A) Eugene Esmonde, D.S.O., Royal Navy.

On the morning of Thursday, 12th February, 1942, Lieutenant?Commander Esmonde, in command of a Squadron of the Fleet Air Arm. was told that the German Battle?Cruisers SCHARNHORST and GNEISENAU and the Cruiser PRINZ EUGEN, strongly escorted by some thirty surface craft were entering the Straits of Dover, and that his Squadron must attack before they reached the sand?banks North East of Calais.

Lieutenant?Commander Esmonde knew well that his enterprise was desperate. Soon after noon he and his squadron of six Swordfish set course for the Enemy and after ten minutes flight were attacked by a strong force of Enemy fighters. Touch was lost with his fighter escort, and in the action which followed all his aircraft were damaged. He flew on, cool and resolute, serenely challenging hopeless odds, to encounter the deadly fire of the Battle-Cruisers and their Escort, which shattered the port wing of his aircraft. Undismayed, he led his Squadron on, straight through this inferno of fire, in steady flight towards their target. Almost at once he was shot down; but his Squadron went on to launch a gallant attack, in which at least one torpedo is believed to have struck the German Battle?Cruisers, and from which not one of the six aircraft returned.

His high courage and splendid resolution will live in the traditions of the Royal Navy, and remain for many generations, a fine and stirring Memory.

14th February - Lt Thomas WILKINSON RNR, CO auxiliary patrol ship 'Li Wo' escaping from Singapore, attacked a troop convoy to the south and sunk by Japanese cruiser. Posthumous award

The London Gazette, Tuesday, 17 December, 1946 - (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the award of the VICTORIA CROSS to:

The late Temporary Lieutenant Thomas Wilkinson, Royal Naval Reserve.

On 14th February, 1942, H.M. Ship Li Wo, a patrol vessel of 1,000 tons, formerly a passenger steamer on the Upper Yangtse River, was on, passage from Singapore to Batavia. Her ship's company consisted of eighty?four officers and men, including one civilian; they were mainly survivors from His Majesty's Ships which had been sunk, and few from units of the Army and the Royal Air Force. Her armament was one 4 inch gun, for which she had only thirteen practice shells, and two machine guns.

Since leaving Singapore the previous day, the ship had beaten off four air attacks, in one of which fifty?two machines took part and had suffered considerable damage. Late in the afternoon, she sighted two enemy con­voys, the larger of which was escorted by Japanese naval units, including a heavy cruiser and some destroyers. The Com­manding Officer, Lieutenant T. Wilkinson, R.N.R., gathered his scratch ship's company together and told them that, rather than try to escape, he had decided to engage the convoy and to fight to the last, in the hope that he might inflict damage upon the enemy. In making this decision, which drew resolute support from the whole ship's company, Lieutenant Wilkinson knew that his ship faced certain destruction, and that his own chances of survival were small.

H.M.S. Li Wo hoisted her battle ensign and made straight for the enemy. In the action which followed, the machine gun's were used with effect upon the crews of all ships in range, and a volunteer gun's crew manned the 4 inch gun, which they fought with such purpose that a Japanese transport was badly hit and set on fire.

After a little over an hour, H.M.S, Li Wo had been critically damaged and was sinking. Lieutenant Wilkinson then decided to ram his principal target, the large transport, which had been abandoned by her crew. It is known that this ship burnt fiercely through­out the night following the action, and was probably sank.

H.M.S. Li Wo's gallant fight ended when, her shells spent, and under heavy fire from the enemy cruiser, Lieutenant Wilkinson finally ordered abandon ship. He himself remained on board, and went down with her. There were only about ten survivors, who were later made prisoners of war.

Lieutenant Wilkinson's valour was equalled only by the skill with which he fought his ship, The VICTORIA CROSS is bestowed upon him posthumousIy in recognition both of his own heroism and self?sacrifice, and of that of all who fought and died with him.

16th February - Lt Peter ROBERTS RN and Petty Officer Thomas GOULD, HM S/M Thrasher removed two unexploded bombs lodged between the casing and hull off northern Crete and in spite of the likelihood of them drowning if she had to submerge. Both men were awarded the Victoria Cross

Supplement to the London Gazette, 9 June, 1942 - (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the award of the VICTORIA CROSS fro great valour while serving in H.M.S. Thrasher, to:

Lieutenant Peter Scawen Watkinson Roberts, Royal Navy.

Petty Officer Thomas William Gould, C/JX.­147945.

On February 16th, in daylight, H.M. Submarine Thrasher attacked and sank a heavily escorted supply ship. She was at once attacked by depth charges and was bombed by aircraft. The presence of two unexploded bombs in the gun?easing was discovered when after dark the submarine surfaced and began to roll.

Lieutenant Roberts and Petty Officer Gould volunteered to remove the bombs, which were of a type unknown to them. The danger in dealing with the second bomb was very great. To reach it they had to go trough the casing which was so low they had to lie at full length to move in it. Through this narrow space, in complete darkness, they pushed and dragged the bomb for a distance of some 20 feet until it could be lowered over the side. Every time the bomb was moved there was a loud twanging noise as of a broken spring which added nothing to their peace of mind. This deed was the more gallant as H.M.S. Thrasher's presence was known to the enemy; she was close to the enemy coast, and in waters where his patrols were known to be active day and night. There was a very great chance, and they knew it, that the submarine might have to crash?dive while they were in the casing. Had this happened they must have been drowned.

4th March - Cdr Anthony MIERS RN, CO HM S/M Torbay carried out a difficult attack on shipping off Corfu and torpedoed two merchantmen. For this and a number of other successful patrols, he was awarded the Victoria Cross.

The London Gazette, Tuesday 7 July, 1942 - (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the award of the VICTORIA CROSS to:

Commander Anthony Cecil Capel Miers, D.S.O., Royal Navy.

For valour in command of H.M. Submarine Torbay in a daring and successful raid on shipping in a defended enemy harbour, planned with full knowledge of the great hazards to be expected during seventeen hours in waters closely patrolled by the enemy. On arriving in the harbour he had to charge his batteries lying on the surface in full moon­light under the guns of the enemy. As he could not see his target he waited several hours and attacked in full daylight in a glassy calm. When he had fired his torpedoes he was heavily counter?attacked and had to with­draw through a long channel with anti?submarine craft all round and continuous air patrols overhead.

28th March - Cdr Robert RYDER RN, Commander, Naval Forces, Lt Cdr Stephen BEATTIE RN, CO HMS Campbeltown, and Able Seaman William SAVAGE, gunner on MGB.314 all took part in the successful raid on the heavily-defended port of St Nazaire to put the Normandie dry-dock out of action. All three were awarded the Victoria Cross, posthumously in the case of AB Savage.

The London Gazette, Thursday 21 May, 1942 - (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the award of the VICTORIA CROSS for daring and valour in the attack on the German Naval Base at St. Nazaire, to:

 Commander Robert Edward Dudley Ryder, Royal Navy.

For great gallantry in the attack on St. Nazaire. He commanded a force of small unprotected ships in an attack on a heavily defended port and led H.M.S. Campbeltown in under intense fire from short range weapons at point blank range. Though the main object of the expedition had been accomplished in the beaching of Campbeltown, he remained on the spot conducting operations, evacuating men from Campbeltown and dealing with strong points and close range weapons while exposed to heavy fire for one hour and sixteen minutes, and did not withdraw till it was certain that his ship could be of no use in rescuing any of the Commando Troops who were still ashore. That his Motor Gun Boat, now full of dead and wounded, should have survived and should have been able to withdraw through an intense barrage of close range fire was almost a miracle.

 Lieutenant?Commander Stephen Halden Beattie, Royal Navy, H.M.S. Campbeltown.

For great gallantry and determination in the attack on St. Nazaire in command of H.M.S. Campbeltown. Under intense fire directed at the bridge from point blank range of about 100 yards, and in the face of the blinding glare of many searchlights, he steamed her into the lock?gates and beached and scuttled her in the correct position.This Victoria Cross is awarded to Lieutenant-Commander Beattie in recognition not only of his own valour but also of that of the unnamed officers and men of a very gallant ship's company, many of whom have not returned.

 Able Seaman William Alfred Savage, C/JX. 173910.

For great gallantry, skill and devotion to duty as gunlayer of the pom?pom in a motor gun boat in the St. Nazaire raid. Completely exposed, and under heavy fire he engaged positions ashore with cool and steady accuracy. On the way, out of the harbour be kept up the same vigorous and accurate fire against the attacking ships, until he was killed at his gun. This Victoria Cross is awarded in recogni­tion not only of the gallantry and devotion to duty of Able Seaman Savage, but also of the valour shown by many others, unnamed, in Motor Launches, Motor Gun Boats and Motor Torpedo Boats, who gallantly carried out their duty in entirely exposed positions against Enemy fire at very close range.

8th November - Capt Frederick PETERS RN, CO ex-US Coast Guard cutter HMS Walney smashed through the harbour boom at Oran and landed troops together with sister ship 'Hartland'. Both ships were disabled and later sank. Capt Peters was awarded the Victoria Cross but died five days later in an aircraft accident.

The London Gazette, Tuesday, 18 May, 1943 - (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the award of the VICTORIA CROSS to:

the late Acting Captain Frederick Thornton Peters, D.S.O., D.S.C., Royal Navy,

for valour in taking H.M.S. Walney, in an enterprise of desperate hazard, into the harbour of Oran on the 8th November, 1942. Captain Peters led his force through the boom towards the jetty in the face of point?blank fire from shore batteries, a Destroyer and a Cruiser. Blinded in one eye, he alone of the seventeen Officers and Men on the bridge survived. The Walney reached the jetty disabled and ablaze, and went down with her colours flying,

31st December - Capt Rupert St V SHERBROOKE RN, Escort Commander Russian Convoy JW51B fought off attack by German heavy cruiser Hipper during the Battle of the Barents Sea and was badly wounded on board HMS Onslow.

The London Gazette, Tuesday 12 January, 1943 - (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the award of the VICTORIA CROSS, for valour in the defence of a convoy, to:

Captain Robert St. Vincent Sherbrooke, D.S.O., Royal Navy.

Captain Sherbrooke, in H.M.S Onslow (right - courtesy NavyPhotos and Mike Pocock), was the Senior Officer in command of the destroyers escorting an important convoy bound for North Russia. On the morning of 31st December, off the North Cape, he made contact with a greatly superior enemy force which was attempting to destroy the convoy. Captain Sherbrooke led his destroyers into attack and closed the Enemy. Four times the Enemy tried to attack the convoy, but was forced each time to withdraw behind a smoke screen to avoid the threat of torpedoes, and each time Captain Sherbrooke pursued him and drove him outside gun range of the convoy and towards our covering forces. These engagements lasted about two hours, but after the first forty minutes H.M.S. Onslow was hit, and Captain Sherbrooke was seriously wounded in the face and temporarily lost the use of one eye. Nevertheless he continued to direct the ships under his command until further hits on his own ship compelled him disengage, but not until he was satisfied that the next Senior Officer had assumed control. It was only then that he agreed to leave the bridge for medical attention, and until the convoy was out of danger he insisted on receiving all reports of the action.

His courage, his fortitude and his cool and prompt decisions inspired all around him. By his leadership and example the convoy was saved from damage and was brought safely to its destination.

1943

12th March - Cdr John LINTON RN, CO HM S/M Turbulent was presumed lost to escorting Italian MAS (MTBs) while attacking an escorted ship off Sardinia. Posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross for his record as commanding officer

The London Gazette, Tuesday, 25 May, 1943 - (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the award of the VICTORIA CROSS for valour in command of H.M. Submarines to:

Commander John Wallace Linton, D.S.O., D.S.C., Royal Navy.

From the outbreak of War until H.M.S. Turbulent's last patrol Commander Linton was constantly in command of submarines, and during that time inflicted great damage on the Enemy. He sank one Cruiser, one Destroyer, one U?boat, twenty?eight Supply Ships, some 100,000 tons in all, and destroyed three trains by gun?fire. In his last year he spent two hundred and fifty?four days at sea, submerged for nearly half the time, and his ship was hunted thirteen times and had two hundred and fifty depth charges aimed at her. .

His many and brilliant successes were due to his constant activity and skill, and the daring which never failed him when there was an Enemy to be attacked.

On one occasion, for instance, in H.M.S. Turbulent, he sighted a convoy of two Merchantmen and two Destroyers in mist and moonlight. He worked round ahead of the convoy and dived to attack it as it passed through the moon's rays. On bringing his sights to bear he found himself right ahead of a Destroyer. Yet he held his course till the Destroyer was almost on top of him, and when his sights came on the convoy, he fired. His great courage and determination were rewarded. He sank one Merchantman and one Destroyer outright, and set the other Merchantman on fire so that she blew up.

11th August - Pilot Officer Lloyd TRIGG RNZAF, pilot of a Liberator of 200 Squadron, RAF Coastal command sank U.468 off Dakar, his final attack with the aircraft in flames and crashing. He was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross solely on the evidence of the U-boat's survivors.

The London Gazette, Tuesday, 2 November, 1943 - (From the Air Ministry)

The KING has been graciously pleased to confer the VICTORIA CROSS on the under­mentioned officer in recognition of most con­spicuous bravery:

Flying Officer Lloyd Allan TRIGG, D.F.C. (N.Z.413515), Royal New Zealand Air Force (missing, believed killed), No. 200 Squadron.

Flying Officer Trigg had rendered out­standing service on convoy escort and anti­submarine duties. He had completed 46 operational sorties and had invariably dis­played skill and courage of a very high order.

One day in August, 1943, Flying Officer Trigg undertook, as captain and pilot, a patrol in a Liberator although he had not previously made any operational sorties in that type of aircraft. After searching for 8 hours a surfaced U?boat was sighted.

Flying Officer Trigg immediately prepared to attack. During the approach, the aircraft received many hits from the submarine's anti?aircraft guns and burst into flames, which quickly enveloped the tail.

The moment was critical. Flying Officer Trigg could have broken off the engagement and made a forced landing in the sea. But if he continued the attack, the aircraft would present a ?no deflection" target to deadly accurate anti?aircraft fire, and every second spent in the air would increase the extent and intensity of the flames and diminish his chances of survival.

There could have been no hesitation or doubt in his mind. He maintained his course in spite of the already precarious condition of his aircraft and executed a masterly attack. Skimming over the U?boat at less than 50 feet with anti?aircraft fire entering his opened bomb doors, Flying Officer Trigg dropped his bombs on and around the U?boat where they exploded with devastating effect. A short distance further on the Liberator dived into the sea with her gallant captain and crew.

The U?boat sank within 20 minutes and some of her crew were picked up later in a rubber dinghy that had broken loose from the Liberator.

The Battle of the Atlantic has yielded many fine stories of air attacks on under­water craft, but Flying Officer Trigg's exploit stands out as an epic of grim determination and high courage. His was the path of duty that leads to glory.

22nd September - Lt Donald CAMERON RNR, CO midget submarine X.6 and Lt Basil PLACE RN, CO of X.7 both successfully placed charges under German battleship 'Tirpitz' at anchor in Kaafiord off Altenfiord, putting her out of action for 6 months. Both men were taken prisoner.

The London Gazette, Tuesday, 22 February, 1944 (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the award of the VICTOR1A CROSS for valour to:

Lieutenant Basil Charles Godfrey Place, D.S.C., Royal Navy.

Lieutenant Donald Cameron, R.N.R.

Lieutenants Place and Cameron were the Commanding Officers of two of His Majesty's Midget Submarines X 7 and X 6 which on 22nd September 1943 carried out a most daring and successful attack on the German Battleship Tirpitz, moored in the protected anchorage of Kaafiard, North Norway.

To reach the anchorage necessitated the penetration of an enemy minefield and a passage of fifty miles up the fiord, known to be vigilantly patrolled by the enemy and to be guarded by nets, gun defences and listen­ing posts, this after a passage of at least a thousand miles from base.

Having successfully eluded all these hazards and entered the fleet anchorage, Lieutenants Place and Cameron, with a complete disregard for danger, worked their small craft past the close anti?submarine and torpedo nets surrounding the Tirpitz, and from a position inside these nets, carried out a cool and determined attack.

Whilst they were still inside the nets a fierce enemy counter attack by guns and depth charges developed which made their withdrawal impossible. Lieutenants Place and Cameron therefore scuttled their craft to prevent them falling into the bands of the enemy. Before doing so they took every measure to ensure the safety of their crews, the majority of whom, together with them­selves, were subsequently taken prisoner.

In the course of the operation these very small craft pressed home their attack to the full, in doing so accepting all the dangers inherent in such vessels and facing every possible hazard which ingenuity could devise for the protection in harbour of vitally important Capital Ships.

The courage, endurance and utter con­tempt for danger in the immediate face of the enemy shown by Lieutenants Place and Cameron during this determined and successful attack we're supreme.

1944

24th June - Flight Lt David HORNELL RCAF, pilot of a Canso (Catalina) of 162 Squadron, RAF Coastal Command sank U.1225 northwest of Bergen although badly hit and shortly crashing. Posthumous award.

The London Gazette, Friday, 28 July, 1944 - (From the Air Ministry)

The KING has been graciously pleased to confer the VICTORIA CROSS on the under­mentioned officer in recognition of most con­spicuous bravery:

Flight Lieutenant David Ernest HORNELL (Can/J.7594) (deceased), R.C.A.F. 162 Squadron.

Flight Lieutenant Hornell was captain and first pilot of a twin?engined amphibian air­craft engaged on an anti?submarine patrol in northern waters. The patrol had lasted for some hours when a fully?surfaced U?boat was sighted, travelling at high speed on the port beam. Flight Lieutenant Hornell at once turned to the attack.

The U-boat altered course. The aircraft had been seen and there could be no surprise. The U?boat opened up with anti?aircraft fire which became increasingly fierce and accurate.

At a range of 1,200 yards, the front guns of the aircraft replied; then its starboard gun jammed, leaving only one gun effective. Hits were obtained on and around the conning­ tower of the U?boat, but the aircraft was itself hit, two large holes appearing in the starboard wing.

Ignoring the enemy's fire, Flight Lieu­tenant Hornell carefully manoeuvred for the attack. Oil was pouring from his starboard engine, which was, by this time, on fire, as was the starboard wing; and the petrol tanks were endangered, Meanwhile, the aircraft was hit again and again by the U?boat's guns. Holed in many places, it was vibrating violently and very difficult to control.

Nevertheless, the captain decided to press home his attack, knowing that with every moment the chances of escape for him and his gallant crew would grow more slender, He brought his aircraft down very low and released his depth charges in a perfect straddle. The bows of the U?boat were lifted out of the water, it sank and the crew were seen in the sea.

Flight Lieutenant Hornell contrived, by superhuman effort at the controls, to gain a little height. The fire in the starboard wing had grown more intense and the vibration had increased. Then the burning engine fell off. The plight of aircraft and crew was now desperate. With the utmost coolness, the captain took his aircraft into wind and despite the manifold dangers, brought it safely down on the heavy swell. Badly damaged and blazing furiously, the aircraft rapidly settled.

After ordeal by fire came ordeal by water. There was only one serviceable dinghy and this could not hold all the crew. So they took turns in the water, holding on to the sides. Once, the dinghy capsized in the rough seas and was righted only with great difficulty. Two of the crew succumbed from exposure.

An airborne lifeboat was dropped to them but fell some 500 yards down wind. The men struggled vainly to reach it and Flight Lieutenant Hornell, who throughout had en­couraged them by his cheerfulness and in­spiring leadership, proposed to swim to it, though he was nearly exhausted. He was with difficulty restrained. The survivors were finally rescued after they had been in the water for 21 hours. By this time Flight Lieutenant Hornell was blinded and completely exhausted. He died shortly after being picked up.

Flight Lieutenant Hornell had completed 60 operational missions, involving 600 hours flying. He well knew the danger and diffi­culties attending attacks on submarines. By pressing home a skilful and successful attack against fierce opposition, with his aircraft in a precarious condition, and by fortifying and encouraging his comrades in the subsequent' ordeal, this officer displayed valour and devotion to duty of the highest order.

17th July - Flying Officer John CRUICKSHANK RAFVR, pilot of a Catalina of 210 Squadron, RAF Coastal Command continued to attack a U-boat in spite of his wounds and sank U.361 (originally identified as U.347) west of Narvik.

The London Gazette, Friday 1 September, 1944 - (From the Air Ministry)

The KING has been graciously pleased to confer the VICTORIA CROSS on the under­mentioned officer in recognition of most con­spicuous bravery: ?

Flying Officer John Alexander CRUICKSHANK (126700), Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve. No. 210 Squadron.

This officer was the captain and pilot of a Catalina flying boat which was recently engaged on an anti?submarine patrol over northern waters. When a U-boat was sighted on the surface, Flying Officer Cruickshank at once turned to the attack. In the face of fierce anti?aircraft fire he manoeuvred into position and ran in to release his depth charges. Unfortunately they failed to drop.

Flying Officer Cruickshank knew that the failure of this attack had deprived him of the advantage of surprise and that his air­craft offered a good target to the enemy's determined and now heartened gunners.

Without hesitation, he climbed and turned to come in again. The Catalina was met by intense and accurate fire and was repeatedly hit. The navigator/bomb aimer was killed. The second pilot and two other members of the crew were injured. Flying Officer Cruickshank was struck in seventy?two places, receiving two serious wounds in the lungs and ten penetrating wounds in the lower limbs. His aircraft was badly damaged and filled with the fumes of ex­ploding shells. But he did not falter. He pressed home his attack, and released the depth charges himself, straddling the sub­marine perfectly. The U?boat was sunk.

He then collapsed and the second pilot took over the controls. He recovered shortly afterwards and. though bleeding profusely, insisted on resuming command and retain­ing it until he was satisfied that the damaged aircraft was under control, that a course bad been set for base and that all the necessary signals had been sent. Only then would he consent to receive medical aid and have his wounds attended to. He refused morphia in case it might prevent him from carrying on.

During the next five and a half hours of the return flight he several times lapsed into unconsciousness owing to loss of blood. When he came to, his first thought on each occasion was for the safety of his aircraft and crew. The damaged aircraft eventually reached base but it was clear that an imme­diate landing would be a hazardous task for the wounded and less experienced second pilot. Although able to breathe only with the greatest difficulty, Flying Officer Cruickshank insisted on being carried forward and propped up in the second pilot's seat. For a full hour, in spite of his agony and ever?increasing weakness, he gave orders as necessary, refusing to allow the aircraft to be brought down until the conditions of light and sea made this possible without undue?risk.

With his assistance the aircraft was safely landed on the water. He then directed the taxying and beaching of the aircraft so that it could easily be salvaged. When the medical officer went on board Flying Officer Cruickshank collapsed and he had to be given a blood transfusion before he could be removed to hospital.

By pressing home the second attack in his gravely wounded condition and continuing his exertions on the return journey with his strength failing all the time, he seriously prejudiced his chance of survival even if the aircraft safely reached its base. Throughout, he set an example of determination, forti­tude and devotion to duty in keeping with the highest traditions of the Service.

1945

2nd April - Corporal Thomas HUNTER, 43 Commando Royal Marines was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross for gallantry in action against German forces near Lake Comacchio, northern Italy

The London Gazette, Tuesday 12 June, 1945 (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the award of the VICTORIA CROSS for valour to:?

The late Corporal (Temporary) Thomas Peck HUNTER, CH/X.110296, Royal Marines (attached Special Service Troops) (43rd Royal Marine Commando) (Edinburgh).

In Italy during the advance by the. Com­mando to its final objective, Corporal Hunter of ?C" Troop was in charge of a Bren group of the leading sub?section of the Com­mando. Having advanced to within 400 yards of the canal, he observed the enemy were holding a group of houses South of the canal. Realising that his Troop behind him were in the open, as the country there was completely devoid of cover, and that the enemy would cause heavy casualties as soon as they opened fire, Corporal Hunter seized the Bren gun and charged alone across two hundred yards of open ground. Three Spandaus from the houses, and at least six from the North bank of the canal opened fire and at the same time the enemy mortars started to fire at the Troop.

Corporal Hunter attracted most of the fire, and so determined was his charge and his firing from the hip that the enemy in the houses became demoralised. Showing com­plete disregard for the intense enemy fire, he ran through the houses, changing magazines as he ran, and alone cleared the houses. Six Germans surrendered to him and the remainder fled across a footbridge onto the North bank of the canal.

The Troop dashing up behind Corporal Hunter now became the target for all the Spandaus on the North of the canal. Again, offering himself as a target, he lay in full view of the enemy on a heap of rubble and fired at the concrete pillboxes on the other side. He again drew most of the fire, but by now the greater part of the Troop had made for the safety of the houses. During this period he shouted encouragement to the remainder, and called only for more Bren magazines with which he could engage the Spandaus. Firing with great accuracy up to the last, Corporal Hunter was finally hit in the head by a burst of Spandau fire and killed instantly.

There can be no doubt that Corporal Hunter offered himself as a target in order to save his Troop and only the speed of his movement prevented him being hit earlier. The skill and accuracy with which he used his Bren gun is proved by the way he demoralised the enemy, and later did definitely silence many of the Spandaus firing on his Troop as they crossed open ground, so much so that under his covering fire elements of the Troop made their final objective before he was killed.

Throughout the operation his magnificent courage, leadership and cheerfulness had been an inspiration to his comrades.

31st July - Lt Ian FRASER RNR, CO and diver Leading Seaman James MAGENNIS, midget submarine XE.3 successfully laid charge under Japanese heavy cruiser 'Takao' off Singapore in the Johore Straits, badly damaging and sinking her. They were both awarded the Victoria Cross

The London Gazette, Tuesday, 13 November, 1945 (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the award of the VICTORIA CROSS for valour to:?

Lieutenant Ian Edward FRASER, D.S.C.. R.N.R.

Lieutenant Fraser commanded His Majesty's Midget Submarine XE?3 in a successful attack on a Japanese heavy cruiser of the Atago class at her moorings in Johore Strait, Singapore, on 31st July, 1945. During the long approach up the Singapore Straits XE?3 deliberately left the believed safe channel and entered mined waters to avoid suspected hydrophone posts. The target was aground, or nearly aground, both fore and aft, and only under the midships section was there just sufficient water for XE?3 to place herself under the cruiser. For forty minutes XE.3 pushed her way along the seabed until finally Lieutenant Fraser managed to force her right under the centre of the cruiser. Here he placed the limpets and dropped his main side charge. Great difficulty was ex­perienced in extricating the craft after the attack had been completed, but finally XE?3 was clear, and commenced her long return journey out to sea, The courage and determination of Lieutenant Fraser are beyond all praise. Any man not possessed of his relentless determination to achieve his object in full, regardless of all consequences, would have dropped his side charge alongside the target instead of persisting until he had forced his submarine right under the cruiser. The approach and withdrawal en­tailed a passage of 80 miles through water which had been mined by both the enemy and ourselves, past hydrophone positions, over loops and controlled minefields, and through an anti?submarine boom.

 Temporary Acting Leading Seaman James Joseph MAGGENIS D/JX 144907.

Leading Seaman Magennis served as Diver in His Majesty's Midget Submarine XE?3 for her attack On 31st July, 1945, on a Japanese cruiser of the Atago class. Owing to the fact that XE?3 was tightly jammed under the target the diver's hatch could not be fully opened, and Magennis had to squeeze himself through the narrow space available. He experienced great difficulty in placing his limpets on the bottom of the cruiser owing both to the foul state of the bottom and to the pronounced slope upon which the limpets would not hold. Before a limpet could be placed therefore Magennis had thoroughly to scrape the area clear of barnacles and in order to secure the limpets he had to tie them in pairs by a line passing under the cruiser keel. This was very tiring work for a diver, and he was moreover handicapped by a steady leakage of oxygen which was ascending in bubbles to the surface. A lesser ­man would have been content to place a few limpets and then to return to the craft. Magennis however, persisted until he had placed his full outfit before returning to the craft in an exhausted condition. Shortly after withdrawing Lieutenant Fraser endeavoured to jettison his limpet carriers, but one of these would not release itself and fall clear of the craft. Despite his exhaustion, his oxygen leak and the fact that there was every probability of his being sighted, Magennis at once volunteered to leave the craft and free the carrier rather than allow a less experi­enced diver to undertake the job. After seven minutes of nerve?racking work he succeeded in releasing the carrier. Magennis displayed very great courage and devotion to duty and complete disregard for his own safety.

9th August - Lt Robert GRAY RCNVR, HMS Formidable (right), Corsair fighter-bomber pilot with 1841 Squadron, FAA, attacked shipping in Onagawa harbour, north-eastern Honshu and sank his target before crashing in flames. Posthumous award.

The London Gazette, Tuesday, 13 November, 1945 - (From the ADMIRALTY, Whitehall, S.W.1)

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve the award of the VICTORIA CROSS for valour to:

the late Temporary Lieutenant Robert Hampton Guy, R.C.N.V.R.,

for great valour in leading an attack on a Japanese destroyer in 0nagawa Wan on 9th August 1945. In the face of fire from shore batteries and a heavy concentration of fire from some five warship, Lieutenant Gray pressed home his attack, flying very low in order to ensure success, and although he was hit and his aircraft was in flames, he obtained at least one direct hit, sinking the destroyer. Lieutenant Gray has consistently shown a fighting spirit and most inspiring leadership.

 



ADDENDUM

The Precedence of the Victoria Cross in the List of British Orders, Decorations and Medals, as of 1941


from the LONDON GAZETTE, 22 APRIL, 1941

 To be substituted for list dated 24th April, 1936.

CENTRAL CHANCERY OF THE ORDERS OF KNIGHTHOOD, St. James's Palace, S.W.1
22nd April 1941

The following list shows the order in which Orders, Decorations and Medals should be worn, but it in no way affects the precedence conferred by the Statutes of certain Orders upon the Members thereof. 

VICTORIA CROSS. 

GEORGE CROSS. 

BRITISH ORDERS OF KNIGHTHOOD, ETC.
Order of the Garter.
Order of the Thistle.
Order of St. Patrick.
Order of the Bath.
Order of Merit (immediately after Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the
Bath).
Order of the Star of India.
Order of St. Michael and St. George.
Order of the Indian Empire.
Order of the Crown of India.
Royal Victorian Order (Classes I, II and
III)
Order of the British Empire (Classes 1, 11 and Ill).
Order of the Companions of Honour (immediately after Knights and Dames Grand Cross of the Order of the
British Empire)
Distinguished Service Order.
Royal Victorian Order (Class IV).
Order of the British Empire (Class IV).
Imperial Service Order.
Royal Victorian Order (Class V).
Order of the British Empire (Class V). 

BARONET's BADGE. (The Badge is worn suspended round the neck by the Riband in the same manner as the neck badge of an Order ­and takes precedence immediately after the Badge of the Order of Merit. The Badge is not worn in miniature and the Riband is not worn with Undress Uniform.)

KNIGHTS BACHELORS' BADGE. (The Badge to be worn after the Star of a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire. It is not worn in miniature and is not worn with Undress Uniform.)

DECORATIONS.
Royal Red Cross (Class I).
Distinguished Service Cross.
Military Cross.
Distinguished Flying Cross.
Air Force Cross.
Royal Red Cross (Class II)

ORDERS GIVEN ONLY IN INDIA.
Order of British India.
Indian Order of Merit (Military).
Kaisar?i?Hind Medal.

ORDER OF BURMA.

ORDER OF ST. JOHN.

ALBERT MEDAL.

MEDALS FOR GALLANTRY AND DISTINGUISHED CONDUCT.
Medal for Distinguished Conduct in the Field.
Conspicuous Gallantry Medal.
Distinguished Service Medal.
The Royal West African Frontier Force Distinguished Conduct Medal.
The King's African Rifles Distinguished Conduct Medal.
Military Medal.
Distinguished Flying Medal.
Air Force Medal.
King's Police and Fire Services Medal, for Gallantry.
George Medal.
Edward Medal.
Indian Distinguished Service Medal.
Constabulary Medal (Ireland).
Medal for Saving Life at Sea.
Indian Order of Merit (Civil).
Indian Police Medal, for Gallantry.
Burma Police Medal, for Gallantry.
Colonial Police Medal, for Gallantry.
Burma Gallantry Medal.

BRITISH EMPIRE MEDAL.
Life Saving Medal of the Order of St. John.

WAR MEDALS (IN ORDER OF DATE).
Medals awarded for services during the Great War (1914-1919) should be worn in the following order: ? 1914 Star, 1914-1915 Star, British War Medal, Mercantile Marine War Medal, Victory Medal, Territorial Force War Medal, India General Service Medal (for operations in Afghanistan 1919).

POLAR MEDALS (IN ORDER OF DATE). 

JUBILEE, CORONATION AND DURBAR MEDALS.
Queen Victoria's Jubilee Medal, 1887 (Gold, Silver and Bronze).
Queen
Victoria's Police jubilee Medal, 1887.
Queen Victoria's Jubilee Medal, 1897 (Gold, Silver and Bronze).
Queen Victoria's Police Jubilee Medal, 1897.
Queen Victoria's Commemoration Medal, 1900 (Ireland).
King Edward VIl's Coronation Medal, 1902.
King Edward VIII's Police Coronation Medal, 1903.
King Edward VII's Durbar Medal, 1903 (Gold, Silver and Bronze).
King Edward VIl's Police Medal, 1903 (Scotland).
King's Visit Commemoration Medal, 1903 (Ireland).
King George V's Coronation Medal, 1911.
King George V's Police Coronation Medal, 1911.
King's Visit Police Commemoration Medal, 1911 (Ireland).
King George V's Durbar Medal, 1911. (Gold, Silver and Bronze).
King George V's Silver Jubilee Medal, 1935.
King George VI's Coronation Medal, 1937.

POLICE MEDALS FOR VALUABLE SERVICES.
King's Police and Fire Services Medal, for Distinguished Service.
Indian Police Medal, for Meritorious Service.
Burma Police Medal, for Meritorious Service.
Colonial Police Medal, for Meritorious Service.

EFFICIENCY AND LONG SERVICE DECORATIONS AND MEDALS.
Long Service and Good Conduct Medal.
Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal.
Medal for Meritorious Service.
Indian Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (for Europeans of Indian Army).
Indian Meritorious Service Medal (for Europeans of Indian Army).
Royal Marine Meritorious Service Medal.
Royal Air Force Meritorious Service Medal.

Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal.
Indian Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (for Indian Army).
The Royal West African Frontier Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal.
The King's African Rifles Long Service and Good Conduct Medal.
Indian Meritorious Service Medal (for Indian Army).
Volunteer Officers' Decoration.
Volunteer Long Service Medal.
Volunteer Officers' Decoration (for India and the Colonies).
Volunteer Long Service Medal (for
India and the Colonies).
Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officer Decoration.
Colonial Auxiliary Forces Long Service Medal.
Medal for Good Shooting (Naval).
Militia Long Service Medal.
Imperial Yeomanry Long Service Medal.
Territorial Decoration.
Efficiency Decoration.
Territorial Efficiency Medal.
Efficiency Medal.

Special Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal.
Decoration for Officers of the Royal Naval Reserve.
Decoration for Officers of the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve.

Royal Naval Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal.
Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal.
Board of Trade Rocket Apparatus Volun­teer Long Service Medal.
The African Police Medal for Meritorious Service.
Special Constabulary Medal.
Royal Naval Auxiliary Sick Berth Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal.
Royal Fleet Reserve Long Service and Good Conduct Medal.
The King's Medal (for Champion Shots in the Military Forces).
Colonial Police and Fire Brigades Long Service Medal.
Royal Naval Wireless Auxiliary Reserve, Long Service and Good Conduct Medal.
Trans?Jordan Frontier Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal. 

UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA COMMEMORATION MEDAL. 

MEDALS BELONGING TO ORDERS.
Royal Victorian Medal (Gold and Silver).
Imperial Service Medal.
Royal Victorian Medal (Bronze).
Service Medal of the Order of St. John.
Badge of the Order of the League of Mercy.
Voluntary Medical Service Medal.

FOREIGN ORDERS (IN ORDER OF DATE OF AWARD).  

FOREIGN DECORATIONS (IN ORDER OR DATE OF AWARD).

FOREIGN MEDALS (IN ORDER OF DATE OF AWARD). 

Dated 14th March, 1941


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